Unit 2.10-3 Vocabulary Review

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from Units 2.10 to 3.

Chain migration

The social process by which migrants from a particular town follow others from that town to a particular destination.

Step migration

Migration that occurs in stages, usually from a small community to a larger urban area.

Intervening opportunity

The presence of a nearer opportunity that diminishes the attractiveness of site farther away.

Intervening obstacle

Any forces or factors that may limit human migration.

Forced migration

The coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region.

Counter migrations

Movement that goes against the primary direction of migratory movement and can include return migration.

Guest Workers

Individuals who are employed in a country where they are not citizens, often temporarily.

Xenophobia

An irrational fear or dislike of people from other countries.

Remittances

Money that migrants send back to their home country to support family and communities.

Nomads

People who move from place to place with no permanent home.

Transhumance

The seasonal movement of livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures.

External migration

The movement of people across international borders.

Internal migration

The movement of people within a country.

Refugee

A person who is forced to flee their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.

Internally Displaced Person

A person who is forced to flee their home but remains within their country's borders.

Acculturation

The process of cultural change and adaptation that occurs when individuals from one culture come into contact with another culture.

Architecture

The art or practice of designing and constructing buildings.

Artifacts

Objects made by human beings, typically of cultural or historical interest.

Assimilation

The process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group, often losing their original identity.

Branch (religion)

A large and fundamental division within a religion.

Caste system

A social stratification based on ascription or birth.

Contagious diffusion

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population.

Creole language

A stable natural language that has evolved from a mixture of different languages.

Cultural convergence

The theory that two cultures will be more and more like each other as their interactions increase.

Cultural divergence

The process by which different cultures become dissimilar.

Cultural landscape

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape.

Cultural relativism

The principle of viewing cultures in their own context rather than judging them by the standards of another culture.

Culture

The social behavior, norms, knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.

Custom

A traditional and widely accepted way of doing something specific to a particular society.

Dialect

A particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group.

Diaspora

The dispersion of any people from their original homeland.

Diffusion

The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.

Ethnic religion

A religion that is associated with a particular ethnic group and does not actively seek converts.

Ethnocentrism

The belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.

Expansion diffusion

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process.

Folk (ethnic) culture

Cultural practices that are specific to a particular group or ethnic community.

Gender

The socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and expectations considered appropriate for men and women.

Globalization

The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

Hearth

The region from which innovative ideas originate.

Indigenous language

A language that is native to a particular region or country.

Indigenous people

Ethnic groups who are the original inhabitants of a given region.