Broadcast Management Midterm

TV is now augmented by the ‘____________________’ experience.

second and third screen

The ____________ and ___________ are examples of second and third-screen experiences.

laptop/tablet, mobile devices

OTT is _____________ delivery like Netflix, Hulu, etc. is a big issue for cable.

over the top

_____ is officially **America’s #1 mass reach medium**.

radio

1. Dallas-Fort Worth
2. Seattle-Tacoma, Wash
3. Boise, Idaho
4. Lake City-Ogden-Provo, Utah
5. Atlanta

top five markets in radio

________ (AT&T, Verizon, Sprint/T-Mobile) is also considered electronic media.

Telecomm

1. Lower-Level
2. Middle
3. Executive

3 levels of management

___________ managers (PD, LSM) supervise others and monitors individual performance.

lower-level

______ managers (GSM) plan and allocate resources.

middle

_________ managers (GSM, EVP, SVP) monitor entire organizations, ID’s internal and external factors.

executive

Employees usually have greater respect for managers with ____ skills.

tech

1. Technical
2. Human
3. Conceptual
4. Financial
5. Marketing
6. Entreprenual

6 management skills

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Communicating
4. Motivating
5. Controlling
6. Facilitating
7. Negotiating

7 management functions

1. Leader
2. Representative
3. Liaison

3 management roles

A _______ (1) accepts responsibility for the organization as well as employees, (2) adapts to changes, makes decisions, and (3) maintains open communication, and leads others to goal completion.

leader

A ______________ (1) serves in many public settings: public, community, and (2) represents various trade and professional organizations like NAB, NCTA, PRSA, RTDNA, NAHJ, and NABJ.

representative

A ________ (1) serves the parent company, (2) reports on progress, and filters info to employees, and (3) demands strong communication and negotiating skills.

liaison

A _____ is a place where consumers and sellers interact with one another to determine the price and quantity of the goods produced.

market

Media firms operate in

dual-product market

A market consists of

sellers, buyers, and products

The first in a dual-product market is producing the good such as

radio format or TV program

The second in a dual-product market is selling

advertising

Media operate in

geographic markets

Markets ____ = major

1 -20

Markets _____ = large

21 - 50

Markets ______ = medium

51 - 100

Markets ____ = small

100+

1. New York
2. Los Angeles
3. Chicago
4. Philadelphia
5. Dallas-Ft. Worth

top 5 markets

_________________ are obstacles news sellers must overcome before they can enter a particular market.

barriers to entry

In media barriers are often

money, equipment, personnel, programming resources

____________________ are perceived differences among products.

product differentiation

1. Formats
2. Call letters
3. Personalities
4. Websites
5. Marketing campaigns

forms of production differentiation

____________________ happens when a firm controls multiple aspects of production, distribution and exhibition.

vertical integration

One of the biggest examples of vertical integration is

Disney

1. Advertising
2. B2C (business to consumer)
3. Subscriptions
4. C2C (consumer to consumer)
5. Freemium

5 different types of business models

___________ includes TV, Radio, Cable

advertising

______________________ includes business market products/services to consumers (phones, books, etc).

B2C (business to consumer)

____________ are recurring charges for services (Pandora, Sirius XM).

subscriptions

_________________________ are transactions conducted among consumers, with a broker in between (StubHub).

C2C (consumer to consumer)

_________ allow you to sample content for free before user must pay or subscribe.

freemium

1. Economic conditions
2. Technological forces
3. Regulatory forces
4. Global forces
5. Social forces

forces that affect markets

How ________________ affect markets:


1. As conditions fluctuate, they impact consumers as well as businesses


1. Example: In the 2008 recession, when consumers pulled back spending, and the ad market dried up, media companies were forced into layoffs

economic conditions

We utilize _________ to meet primary functions of production, distribution, and exhibition.

technology

___________________ = alternative to content delivered by traditional electronic media

user-generated content

No manager can change technological forces, but they must be ready to _______ to change.

respond

1. HDTV
2. WiFi
3. 3DTV
4. 4K
5. YouTube
6. Facebook
7. Vimeo

technological forces

Because managers must be aware of potential changes in the __________ environment, most electronic media firms employ attorneys to keep track of significant developments (state and national).

regulatory

The __________________________ limited the number of radio stations a group or individual could own in a local market relative to the number of stations in the market. The Act imposed limitations on the number of stations an owner could hold in a particular class (AM or FM) of stations

1996 Telecommunications Act

____________ are when media industries produce products that are marketed around the world.

global forces

1. Disney
2. Time Warner
3. Bertelsmann
4. Pearson
5. Telefonica

global players

________ is changing through forces alreafy discussed, but also in

society, demography

A ________________ (1) is **an association designed to provide benefits for each of its memberships**, (2) share costs, (3) have access to new markets, and (4) reduce risks.

strategic alliance

________________________ are when two companies merge, creating an even larger market.

mergers and acquisitions

1. Ability to leverage content or technology (Disney = Stars)
2. Barrier to new competition
3. Globalization

factors of mergers and acquisition

________ occurs after every merger and acquisition.

job loss

______ are concerned with basic questions about right and wrong and provide an understanding of proper conduct based on principles and rules one considers important.

ethics

There is ______________________ code of ethics in media industries.

no universally accepted

1. Duty to self
2. Duty to audience
3. Duty to employer
4. Duty to colleagues
5. Duty to society

5 ethical duties

Duty to ____ calls for individual integrity and the strength to follow your consciousness.

self

Duty to ________ calls that when we decide on a particular course of action, the audience, subscribers, or other supporters must be considered.

audience

Duty to ________ calls for responsible employees to have a sense of obligations to their employer.

employer

Duty to __________ calls to consider obligations and loyalties to professional colleagues when we make ethical decisions.

colleagues

Duty to _______ questions individual rights to privacy.

society

1. The Golden Mean
2. Judeo-Christian Ethic
3. Categorical Imperative
4. Utilitarianism
5. Egalitarianism
6. Relativism
7. Social Responsibility Theory

7 ethical norms

The ___________ stresses moderation as opposed to excesses or extremes.

golden mean

The __________________ (1) illustrates respect and dignity for all people (love thy neighbor as thyself) and (2) must consider how the decision impacts others.

Judeo-Christian Ethic

The ______________________ (1) seeks out what would be acceptable to all members of society, is (2) concerned more about the process of making an ethical decision rather than the outcome, and (3) managers must determine what would be most morally defensible.

categorical imperative

______________ asks “what action will result in the most happiness for the greatest number of people?”

utilitarianism

______________ asserts everyone must be treated equally and fairly when forming ethical judgments.

egalitarianism

__________ (1) says that what is best for one, isn’t necessarily best for another, and (2) has given rise to situational ethics.

relativism

_________________________ says that though individuals in the media cannot correctly determine the exact impact of their decisions, they make them with good intentions.

social responsibility theory

1. Questions of truth and accuracy
2. Right to privacy
3. Citizen journalists
4. Conflicts of interest

ethics in news

The _______________ says that the public’s right to know should not impinge on another person’s …

right to privacy

__________________ (1) is anyone with a smartphone who can gather content that can be used by newsrooms and/or go viral, but (2) must be careful of photo/video authenticity.

citizen journalists

________________ arise when (1) reporters are offered gifts that can could impair their ability to tell a story accurately, or (2) personal relationships have developed.

conflicts of interest

___________________ is the practice of news organizations paying sources for information.

checkbook journalism

________________________ are produced by a company or organization and are often one-sided.

VNRs (video news releases)

1. Responsibility to the audience
2. Responsibility to one’s conscious
3. Responsibility to customers
4. Responsibility to community
5. Responsibility to community
6. Responsibility to a company

ethics in sales and marketing

Responsibility to the _______ calls for media-related sales departments to maintain the truth in all commercial announcements.

audience

Responsibility to _____________ says salespeople should exhibit good ethical behavior.

one’s

conscious

Responsibility to ________ says (1) sales professionals enter into a relationship of trust with the advertising clients they serve, (2) salespeople have an obligation to serve the needs of the client with the campaigns they propose, and (3) salespeople should avoid making promises they cannot keep to advertising clients.

customers

Responsibility to _________ refers to sales professionals being representatives of many different communities.

community

Responsibility to a _______ means sales professionals are the “face” of their company and must be loyal, use the firm’s assets wisely, and be a professional representatives at all times.

company

1. Scientific Management
2. Administrative Management
3. Bureaucratic Management

Classical School of management

__________ management introduced coordination of tasks, careful selection of employees, training, and development, and economic incentives, and (2) its biggest accomplishment was **proposing workers would be more productive if they received higher wages in return for working (e.g. better wages = higher productivity).**

scientific

____________ management looks at making the whole organization more efficient.


1. Planning → setting the organization’s goals and deciding how to best achieve them
2. Organizing → determining how best to group activities and resources, including staffing
3. Motivating - motivating members to work in the best interest of the organization
4. Controlling → monitoring and correcting ongoing activities to facilitate goal attainment

administrative

___________ management believes an organizational hierarchy helps production. This includes:


1. Clear division between labor and management
2. Strong central authority
3. System of seniority
4. Strict discipline and control
5. Clear policies and procedures

bureaucratic

1. Hawthorne Studies
2. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
3. Herzberg’s Hygiene/Motivator Factors
4. Theories XYZ

human relations school of management

The _______________ found (1) employees have social as well as physical needs in the workplace, such as lighting, and increased interaction with supervisors, and (2) more than just wages and benefits.

hawthorne studies

__________________________ says that employees have a series of needs that resembles a hierarchy. It is comprised of five areas: (1) physiological needs, (2) safety, (3) social needs, (4) esteem, and (5) self-actualization.

maslow’s hierarchy of needs

1. Which job variables make employees satisfied/dissatisfied
2. Hygiene: work environment 
3. Motivators: aspects of the job 
4. Managers should be aware of both to maintain job satisfaction

herzberg’s hygeine/motivator factors

1. Achievement
2. Recognition
3. Challenging tasks
4. Responsibility
5. Growth and development

motivators

1. Policies and administration
2. Supervision
3. Working conditions
4. Interpersonal relations
5. Money, status, security

hygiene factors

________ comes from Japan and emphasizes control, coercion, and threats.

theory x

_______ integrates the needs of workers and has them develop their own sense of responsibility.

theory y

________ has management make key decisions, but stresses interpersonal relations, and can be found in employee training, fringe benefits, and ‘door is always open’ policies.

theory z

1. Management by objectives
2. Systems Approach
3. **Total Quality Management**
4. **Strategic Management**
5. **Leadership**

modern approaches to management

Modern approaches to management focus on

management effectiveness

In ______________________ (1) middle and senior-level managers identify goals and share them with their units/departments, (2) can be applied to any organization, and (3) can be found in promotion, marketing, and finance.

management by objectives

In ________________ management (1) an entire organization is examined as well as the external environment, (2) managers cannot control external factors but must be aware of them (examples: broadcast tv. cable)

systems approach