Health Final Exam

3 functions of the skin

protection, temperature regulation, sensation

Abrasion

Scrape of the skin due to something abrasive

addiction

compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences

adernal glands

A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that help arouse the body in times of stress.

Alchohol poisoning

a severe and potentially fatal reaction to an alcohol overdose

alchoholic

an addict who is dependent on alcohol

ammniocentesis

a surgical puncture to remove amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders

ammiotic sac

thin liquid filled protective membrain that forms around the embyos

anaerobic exercise

intense short bursts of activity in which the muscles work so hard that they produce energy without using oxygen

anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves

anxiety

The condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen

appetite

the psychological desire for food

Arteries

carry blood away from the heart

astigmatism

a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea

Avulsion

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap.

binge drinking

drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting

BMI (body mass index)

a measure of body weight relative to height

body image

a person's idea of how his or her body looks

bulimia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

bullying

Repeated, systematic efforts to inflict harm through physical, verbal, or social attack on a weaker person.

Calorie

Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C

Carbohydrates

Broken down to glucose to provide energy.

carbon monoxide

a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas

celebral palsy

partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination due to damage to the cerebrum of a fetus during pregnancy, group of disorders.

Cerebrum

Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body, largest part of brain.

charity

showing kindness by giving money or gifts to organizations that need them

Cholesterol

A type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods.

Cilia

The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner

Cirrhosis

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

cochlea

a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

concussion

violent shaking up or jarring of the brain

defibrillator

a device that delivers an electric shock to the heart to restore its normal rhythm

Depressants

drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Depression

A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness

Digestion

the process of converting food into chemical substances that can be used by the body

Dislocation

displacement of a bone from its joint

divorce

The legal ending of a marriage

DNA

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

dominant gene

A gene that is expressed in the offspring whenever it is present

embryo

An organism in the earliest stage of development

emergency response

Recognizing sudden, unexpected hazardous situations, and initiating action to reduce their threat to health and safety.

Emphysema

a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.

enamel

hard, outermost layer of a tooth

Excersise

physical activity that improves or maintains physical fitness

F.A.S

fetal alcohol syndrome\= caused by mothers who drink alcohol while being pregnant

F.I.T.T

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type

fallopian tubes

tubes which carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus and which provides the place where fertilization occurs

"Fat, Sick, and Nearly Dead."

An overweight man suffering from an autoimmune disease endeavours to drink only fruit and vegetable juice for 60 days in a bid to reclaim his health. He travels across America and engages everyday Americans in discussions about food and health.

Fed Up Documentary

Filmmaker Stephanie Soechtig and journalist Katie Couric investigate how the American food industry may be responsible for more sickness than previously realized.

Femur

thigh bone

Fertilization

Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

fetus

the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

fiber

A form of complex carbohydrates from plants that humans cannot digest

fracture

broken bone

Gastrocnemius

Calf muscle

halitosis

foul-smelling breath

heatstroke

a dangerous condition in which the body loses its ability to cool itself through perspiration

Hormones

Chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another

hunger

The physical need for food

Implantation

The process by which the zygote attaches to the uterine wall

Inhalants

substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect

laceration

jagged wound

Ligament

Connects bone to bone

Melanin

A pigment that gives the skin its color

Melanoma

The most serious form of skin cancer

Menstruation

The shedding of the uterine lining

Minerals

Elements found in food that are used by the body

Muscular Strength

The amount of force a muscle can exert

MyPlate

A food-group plan that provides practical advice to ensure a balanced intake of the essential nutrients.

Narcan

Counteracts Morphine - opioid narcotics.

negotiation

A form of communication between opposing sides in a conflict in which offers and counteroffers are made and a solution occurs only when both parties agree

Nicotine

a stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

nuclear family

a couple and their dependent children, regarded as a basic social unit.

Number of chromosomes in humans

46 (23 pairs)

nutrient dense

a high ratio of nutrients to calories

nutrient-rich

provides a substantial amount of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients and relatively few calories

Opioids

synthetic opiates that are prescribed for pain relief

Osteoporosis

A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily.

Ovaries

Glands that produce the egg cells and hormones

overdose

a strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug

Overload

working the body harder than it is normally worked

Ovulation

process in which an egg is released from the ovary

Pancreas

Regulates the level of sugar in the blood

parathyroid glands

small pea-like organs that regulate calcium and phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues

Pasteurization

treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens

pectoralis major

chest muscle

penis

Male reproductive organ

performance enhancers

substances that boost athletic ability

Peristalsis

Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.

physical activity

any form of movement that causes your body to use energy

pituitary gland

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

Placenta

organ that nourishes the fetus

plaque

A deposit of fatty material on the inner lining of an arterial wall

Plamsa

Fluid portion of blood

Platelets

blood clotting

poison

a substance that causes illness, injury or death if taken into the body or produced within the body.

Proteins

Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues

pulp

The tissue that contains the blood vessels and nerves of a tooth

Recessive genes

genes that are expressed only in the absence of a dominant gene

S.A.M.P.L.E

Signs & symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past Medical History, Last Food & Drink, and Events leading up to the present injury