Biology lab 1-7

Which of the following is NOT one of the fundamental characteristics of science? a. involves processing information

involves a search for irregularities

If you wanted to learn about the composition of the universe, you would study

chemistry

Physiology is the study of ___, hematology is the study of ___, and histology is the study of ____.

function, blood, tissues

Which of the following traits is indicative of an unscientific attitude?

superstition

Which of the following is a scientific concept?

DNA synthesis

Determining the quantitative relationships among data involves which of the following scientific processes?

Using numbers

The fundamental core of scientific content knowledge consists of _______.

Concepts

Generalizations

and Facts (all)

A useful hypothesis is _______.

a testable statement

A(n) _______ hypothesis states that there is no relationship between an independent and dependent variable.

null

The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT ______.

theories

In an experiment, which of the following variables is used as a baseline for comparison?

control

A theory is ______.

an idea on which experts in the field agree

In conducting an experiment, a scientist follows a process of scientific inquiry that includes which of the following?

communicating

inferring

and predicting (all)

The fact that we no longer believe the earth is flat attests to the fact that science is a(n) _____ process.

self-correcting

Your study data show that teenage drivers cause 30% more car accidents than adults over the age of 25, so you __________ that high schools need better driver education programs.

infer

When you say that the earth orbits the sun, you are __________.

stating a scientific fact

What steps do investigators take before forming a hypothesis?

Collect information and use prior knowledge (A and B)

Which of the following is an example of technology?

Drilling for oil and gas

Which of the following is a scientific process, rather than a concept?

Observation

After completing a controlled experiment, a scientist changes the dosage of an antibiotic and repeats the experiment. The change in dosage is the _______.

independent variable

The function of a hypothesis is to __________.

provide direction for interpreting data

Termites are social insects; therefore, communication is essential to their well-being. How do they communicate?

Use chemicals known as pheromones

The correct hypothesis for a study to measure the effectiveness of a pesticide in eradicating a specific mold infecting a crop is that if the pesticide is administered, then the mold will ______.

be eradicated

Results of a clinical trial demonstrated that an antibiotic eradicated the infection in 98% of the study subjects. Therefore, you _____.

conclude that the antibiotic is highly effective

Which of the following is NOT involved in the process of interpreting data?

classifying

Which of the following statements is a scientific generalization?

Many birds migrate south for the winter

You design a clinical trial with human subjects to evaluate the efficacy of an antibiotic in eradicating a bacterial infection. Which of the following would be used as the control in this study?

A placebo and no treatment (B and C)

In a clinical study to measure the effectiveness of an antibiotic, which of the following is the independent variable?

The antibiotic being tested

If a study fails to produce the expected results, you would __________.

collect additional data

You are a public health researcher who wants to conduct a study of the prevalence of a disease in a rural village in India. To define this study operationally, you would specify the _________.

study population

Scientific notation is a way of expressing ____________.

extremely small numbers, extremely large numbers, and numbers that have many zeros (All)

For the number 4.5 × 10^6 , which represents the base?

10

For the number 6.8 × 107 , the 7 is called the _________.

exponent

When multiplying numbers written in scientific notation, you should ______ the exponents.

add

When adding and subtracting numbers written in scientific notation, all the numbers should be converted to the same ________ value.

exponent

The metric prefix "kilo" means __________.

thousand

Which of the following metric units is used to express luminous intensity?

candela

The cubic centimeter is a unit used to express ______.

volume

What is the symbol for centimeter?

cm

Which country commonly uses the English system rather than the metric system?

United States

The earth is 93 million miles from the sun. What is this number in scientific notation?

9.3x10^7

What is the number 4.85 × 10^5 in standard notation?

485,000

How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter?

10

Converting between metric units is easier than converting between English units because you only need to _______.

move the decimal point

When reading a graduated cylinder, you should read the meniscus, which is the ___ of the curve.

bottom

Which of the following instruments is used in the laboratory to distribute and extract precise amounts of liquid?

pipette

In the metric system, the basic unit of linear measurement is the _____.

meter

Which of the following is the most accurate for measuring volumes?

graduated cylinder

Which of the following units is commonly used to measure microscopic objects?

nanometer

Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Convert this value to degrees Celsius.

0

What is the basic unit of volume in the metric system?

liter

To convert 1.0 micrometers to millimeters, you would move the decimal point ________.

three spaces to the left

Before adding numbers written in scientific notation, you may need to ____ so that all the numbers have the same exponent value.

move the decimal point of the coefficient

Add the following numbers: 6.5 × 10^8 + 4.2 × 10^7

6.92x10^8

Subtract the following numbers: 4.0 × 106 - 2.5 × 106 .

1.5x10^6

Multiply the following numbers: 8.2 × 104 × 2.5 × 102

2.05x10^7

Two inches equals ______ centimeters

5.08

Divide the following numbers: 8.0 × 10^6 ÷ 2.0 × 10^3

4.0x10^3

Yesterday, you ran 3 miles. How many kilometers did you run?

4.8

If a person who weighs 160 pounds on earth went to the moon, where the gravitational force is reduced, he/she would __________.

have the same mass

A compound microscope has _____ set(s) of lenses.

two

When looking through the __________ microscope, the specimen appears as a dark object against a light background.

bright field

Which microscope provides three-dimensional images?

Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

What is the approximate magnification of the low-power objective?

10x

The microscope platform upon which specimen slides are placed is called the ________.

stage

Which of the following microscope objectives is used for final and fine focusing?

high-power

The distance between the objective lens and the specimen is called the ______ distance.

working

Which of the following components of the compound microscope is used to focus light on the specimen?

condenser

What is the magnification of the transmission electron microscope (TEM)?

200-1,000,000x

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is useful for studying which of the following?

The surface features of specimens

To change the amount of light entering the objective lens, you would adjust the ________.

iris diaphragm

While looking at a specimen under a microscope, you move the slide to the right. In which direction does the image move?

to the left

What would you do in order to view a fresh specimen under the microscope?

Prepare the wet mount

You are looking at a specimen through a high-power objective with a magnification of 45X, and the ocular has a magnification of 10X. What is the total magnification?

450x

Which of the following indicates the highest resolution (detail)?

5-10 nanometers

The thickness of a specimen in focus at any one time is known as _____ and can be shown by using a _________.

depth of field, slide containing three different colored threads

Care must be taken using the oil-immersion objective. Which of the following steps are essential to care properly for this objective?

Clean the oil off of the oil-immersion objective carefully, start by focusing on the low objective and moving up gradually to the oil-immersion lens, and only use the fine adjustment knob when focusing the oil-immersion lens, (ALL)

The Nomarski microscope __________.

produces nearly 3-dimensional images

When using the _____ objective, you would use the coarse-focus adjustment knob to bring the specimen into focus

low-power and scanning (C AND D)

What should you do if you want to change the objective?

Turn the nosepiece

Which objective would you use to search for a specimen?

scanning

You are looking at a specimen under low power, and you switch to the high-power objective. Which of the following happens?

The amount of light decreases

If you change from the low-power objective to the high-power objective, what happens to the depth of field?

decreases

What happens to the field of view if you switch from the high-power objective to the low-power objective?

increases

You place a translucent ruler under your microscope at low power, and the field of view measures 7 millimeters. What is the diameter of the field of view for the low-power objective?

7,000 micrometers

When using the high-power and oil-immersion objectives, the working distance ____, so ____ light is needed.

decreases, more

The _____ microscope accents minute differences in the refractive index of structures within a specimen.

phase contrast

Which formula would you use to determine the diameter of the field of view for the high-power objective?

HPD= [LPD x LPM] / HPM

In order to estimate the size of the specimen, you need to calculate the ________.

diameter of the filed of view

When changing objectives using a parfocal microscope, you would only need to make a minor adjustment in the _____.

focus

Chemistry is the study of the ______ of matter

composition and structure, interaction, and properties (ALL)

A(n) _____ is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical means

element

Matter is anything that occupies space and has ______.

mass

The typical human body is composed of approximately 65% _____.

oxygen

Atoms are composed of which of the following?

protons, neutrons, and electrons (ALL)

You dissolve a teaspoon of sugar in water. The sugar is called the ____.

solute

A(n) ________ results from the chemical union of two or more atoms

molecule

What is the range of the pH scale?

0-14

Which type of chemical bond results from the equal sharing of electrons?

nonpolar covalent bond

An acid is a substance that yields (donates) a _____ ion

hydrogen (H+)