HLT 144 CH 21

pharmacist

A _____________prepares and dispenses drugs

drug

A substance used to prevent of treat a disease or condition

medicinal chemistry

The study of new drug synthesis and the relationship between chemical structure and biologic effects

water

All of the following are examples of drug sources EXCEPT

antidote

A substance that prevents or reverses the unwanted effects of drugs is a(n)

pharmacokinetics

The study of a drug’s absorption, distribution into body compartments, metabolism, and excretion over a period of time.

molecular pharmacology

___________ involves the study of how drugs interact with subcellular entities like DNA, RNA and enzymes.

toxicology

The study of the harmful effects of drugs and chemicals on the body

chemotherapy

The study of drugs that destroy microorganisms, parasites, or malignant cells within the body.

pharmacologist

A ___________ is either an MD or PhD who specializes in the study of medicines.

pharmacodynamics

The study of a drug’s effect on its target in the body

pharmacology

The study of the discovery, properties and uses of drugs is

pharmacy

A drugstore is a

is a written order from a physician

A prescription

United States Pharmacopeia

An independent committee of physicians, pharmacologists, pharmacists and manufacturers that review the available commercial drugs and continually reappraises their effectiveness in specific medical conditions

requires drug companies to pay to have their product listed

The Physician's Desk Reference

gives information about the characteristics of drugs and their clinical usage

A hospital formulary

chemical

The _________ name specifies the exact chemical make up of the drug

they perform experiments on the effectiveness of drugs

Which of the following is NOT true of the FDA's role regarding drugs?

brand

The ___________ name is the private property of the individual drug manufacturer, and no competitor may use it.

generic

The ________ name identifies the drug legally and scientifically

intrathecal instillation

In ___________, a drug is placed into the space under the meninges of the spinal cord or brain.

orally

Capsules and tablets are taken

suppository

A(n) __________ is taken rectally

parenteral

Drugs are administered using a needle during ____________administration.

intracavitary instillation

The drug is injected into a body cavity, such as the peritoneal or pleural cavity

antiseptic

A(n) __________ treats infection.

Drugs that affect the airways are often adminstered via

on the skin or mucous membrane

A drug applied topically is placed

vomiting

A rectal administration of a drug may be useful if the patient is

aerosol

A(n) ____________is taken by inhalation.

subcutaneous injection

This utilizes a small needle to introduce a drug into the tissue under the skin.

the buttock or upper arm

Most intramuscular injections occur in

by mouth

In oral administration, the drug is given

in the stomach or intestine

Orally administered drugs are absorbed

dissolve the drug under the tongue

A sublingual administration requires the patient to

instillation

Which of the following is NOT administered topically?

antipruritic

A(n) _________ treats itching.

intradermal injection

This shallow injection is made into the upper layers of the skin and is used chiefly in skin testing for allergic reactions

additive

If drug A gives 10% tumor kill and drug B gives 20% tumor kill, and using A and B together gives 30% tumor kill, drugs A and B are said to be

receptors

Drugs interact with specific __________ in the body.

dose

The amount of the drug administered is the

response

The desired and beneficial effect of a drug is called

they are summative

Which of the following is NOT true of controlled substances?

tolerance

For some drugs, the effects of a given dose diminish as treatment continues, and increasing amounts are needed to produce the same effect. This is called

schedule

The exact timing and frequency of drug administration is the

synergistic

If drug A gives 10% tumor kill and drug B gives 20% tumor kill, and using A and B together gives 60% tumor kill, drugs A and B are said to be

antagonistic

If drug A gives 10% tumor kill and drug B gives 20% tumor kill, and using A and B together gives 15% tumor kill, drugs A and B are said to be

cathartic

Osa is constipated. Their doctor prescribes a(n)

antimicrobial

Drug that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans

antihistamine

An _____________ reduces allergic responses.

antiprotozoans

Suzi contracted malaria (a parasitic disease) during mission work in Central America. Their doctor is treating them with

bacteria

An antibiotic inhibits or kills

anticonvulsants

Ty has a seizure disorder. Her doctor is treating her with

menopause

An estrogen might be used to treat

barbiturate

A drug that depresses the central nervousness system is

bronchodilator

A drug that opens bronchial tubes

stimulant

An amphetamine is a type of

antacid

Raul is suffering from esophageal reflux. His doctor prescribes

blood glucose level

An oral antidiabetic drug helps to control

steroid

A drug that reduces inflammation

gabapentin

Which of the following is NOT an antidepressant?

an antiviral

Someone with the flu might take an

ACE inhibitor

Drug that lowers blood pressure

gynecologist

Which of the following doctors would most likely prescribe a progestin?

increases urine output

A diuretic

prostate cancer

An antiandrogen would be used to treat

heart

A calcium channel blocker would be used to treat the

antiplatelet

A(n) ____________ reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together

affecting neurotransmitters

An anti-Alzheimer drug works by

an antifungal

A drug that treats infections like ringworm or yeast infections is

anticoagulant

An _____________ prevents clotting of the blood

laxative

Which of the following is an example of a cathartic?

antiarrhythmic

A drug that treats abnormal heart rhythms

analgesic

Drug that lessens pain

anesthetic

Drug that reduces or eliminates sensations

calcitonin

Which of the following hormones might be used to treat osteoporosis?

antiemetic

A drug that prevents nausea

antiosteoporosis drugs

Sarah’s last bone scan indicated low bone density. Her doctor chooses to put her on

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Drug that lessons pain, fever and inflammation

benzodiazepine

Which of the following drugs is a tranquilizer?

hypnotic

A __________ drug promotes sleep

Beta blocker

A drug that slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure

idiosyncrasy

_____________is an example of an unpredictable type of drug toxicity

contraindication

A factor in a patient’s condition that make the use of a particular drug dangerous and ill-advised is called a(n)

anaphylaxis

acute hypersensitivity with asthma and shock occurring as a result of prior exposure to a drug or foreign substance

the loss of effectiveness of a drug

Drug resistance is

a side effect

An unpleasant effects that routinely result from the use of a drug is called

par-

What is the prefix that means:
other than or apart from

tox/o

What is the combining form that means:
poison

skin

What does cutane/o mean?

ana-

What is the prefix that means:
upward, excessive, or again

esthes/o

What is the combining form that means:
feeling or sensation

pyret/o

What is the combining form that means:
fever

bronch/o

What is the combining form that means:
bronchial tube

pharmac/o

What is the combining form that means:
drug

vessel

What does vas/o mean?

ven/o

What is the combining form that means:
vein

against

What does anti- mean?

prurit/o

What is the combining form that means:
itching