Medical Terminology: Sensory Systems

ocul/o, ophthalm/o, and opt/o

eye

lacrim/o, dacry/o

tear

blephar/o

eyelid

scler/o

sclera

corne/o, kerat/o

cornea

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

-opia, -opsia

vision

vitre/o

vitreous humor

cycl/o

ciliary body

retin/o

retina

ir/o, irid/o

iris

phac/o, pha/o

lens

Salping/o

ear canal

cerumin/o

earwax

tympan/o, myring/o

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

cochle/o

cochlea

vestibul/o

vestibule or entry way

Ambiopia, diplopia

double vision

hyperopia

farsightedness

Myopia

nearsightedness

Presbyopia

decreased vision due to old age

Blepharospasm

involuntary contraction of eyelid

Dacryorrhea

excessive tearing

Xerophthalmia

dry eyes

Dacryohemorrhea

blood in the tears

Ophthalmalgia

pain in the eye

Hyperacusis

excessively sensitive hearing

Hypoacusis

excessively insensitive hearing

Presbycusis

hearing loss in old age

Tinnitus

ringing in the ear

Vertigo

sensation of moving through space while stationary

Akinetopsia

inability to see objects in motion

Amblyopia

decreased vision, when it occurs in one eye, it is referred to as lazy eye

Asthenopia

weak vision (i.e., eye strain)

Hemianopsia

blindness in half the visual field

Scotopia

adjustment of the eye to seeing in darkness

Blepharoplegia

paralysis of the eyelid

Dacryoadenalgia

pain in the tear gland

Dacryocystalgia

pain in the tear sac

Ophthalmoplegia

eye paralysis

Astigmatism

vision problem caused by the fact that lights rays entering the eye aren't focused on a single point in the back of the eye

Corneal xerosis

dryness of the cornea

Keratalgia

pain in the cornea

Miosis

abnormal contraction of the pupil

Mydriasis

abnormal dilation of the pupil

Iridalgia

pain in the iris

Cycloplegia

paralysis of the ciliary body

Scotoma

dark spot in the visual field

Osteocusis

hearing through bone

Mastoidalgia

pain in the mastoid

Otorrhea

discharge from the ear

Ophthalmologist

a medical doctor that is an eye specialist

Optometrist

specialist in measuring the eye

Ophthalmoscope and retinoscope

instrument used to view the eye and retina

Tonometer

device that measures the tension or pressure of the eye (intraocular pressure)

Lacrimation

formation of tears

Blepharoptosis

drooping of the eyelid

Exophthalmus

protruding of the eyes out of the eye sockets

Nystagmus

involuntary back-and-forth movement of the eyes

Strabismus

eyes deviate while looking at the same object

Audiologist

hearing specialist

Otolaryngologist

ear and throat specialist (ENT)

Otoscope

instrument to view the ear

Pneumatic otoscopy

procedure for examining the ear that uses air

Audimeter, audiogram

instrument that measures hearing, record produced by an audiometer

Ceruminosis

excessive formation of cerumen (Earwax)

Otopyorrhea

discharge of pus from the ears

Tympanic perforation

tear of hole in the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Optomyometer

device used to determined the strength of eye muscles

Phacoscope

instrument used to determine the strength of eye muscles

Retinoscopy

procedure for looking at the retina

Ophthalmic, optic

pertaining to the eye

Optokinetic

pertaining to eye movement

Retinal

pertaining to the retina

Binocular

pertaining to both eyes

Iridokinesis

the movement of the iris

Blepharedema

eyelid swelling

Blepharopyrrhea

discharge of pus from the eyelid

Ectropion

outward turning of the eyelid, away from the eye

Entropion

inward turning of the eyelid, toward the eye

Dacryolith

hard formation (stone) in the tear system

Esotropia

inward turning of the eye, toward the nose

Exotropia

outward turning of the ee, away from the nose

Papilledema

swelling of the optic nerve where it enters the retina

Phacomalacia

abnormal softening of the lens

Phacosclerosis

abnormal hardening of the lens

Scleromalacia

abnormal softening of the sclera

Keratomalacia

abnormal softening of the cornea

Pterygium

winglike growth of conjunctival tissue extending to the cornea

Salpingoscope

instrument for examining the eustachian tubes

Otoscopy

procedure for examining the ear

Audiometry

procedure for measuring hearing

Tympanometry

procedure for measuring the eardrum

Otoneurologist

specialists in the nerve connections between the ear and brain

Otorhinolaryngologist

specialists in the ear, nose, and throat

Aural

pertaining to the ear

Otosteal

pertaining to the bones of the ear

Salpingopharyngeal

pertaining to the eustachian tubes and the throat

Ceruminoma

benign tumor of the cerumen-secreting glands of the ear

Macrotia

abnormally large ears