Government Semester 1 Final

With all Government Chapter Reviews

Basic ____, or laws, are outlined in the Consstitution

Principles

Soon after the Constitution became effective, __amendments were added to it. It now has _ amendments

10, 27

Article __ says the Constitution is the law of the Land

VI

The idea that the federal government gets its power from --- --- is called popular sovereignty

the people

Limited Government means that the government is never ---- the law

above

Government must follow the principles authorized by the people. this is the ---- of ---

Rule, Law

The division of government into three ------- is called the separation of powers

branches

The Constitution states that only -------- can make laws

Congress

The President cannot make laws, but must ------- all laws passed by Congress

Approve

Congress can -------- the President’s veto

override

Courts can decide whether or not actions of the government are ---------. This power is called judicial review

Constitutional

Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a ----- -------- and ----- governments

Central Government, Regional

One way to make a change to the Constitution is for two-thirds of the members of ------- to approve an amendment. Because we have a federal system, three-fourths of the ----- -------- must then ratify the amendment for it to become part of the Consitution

Congress, State Legislature

The first -- amendments to the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights

10

The -- Amendment limited a President to two full terms in office

22

The 27th Amendment was first proposed in ---- nit was not ratified until ----

1789, 1992

\---- passed by Congress have helped shape the basic framework of the Constitution

laws

Presidents have brought about constitutional change by making -------- agreements with leaders of foreign countries

Executive

The Supreme Court ----- the Constitution as it hears and decides cases

applies

Many of the Framers disliked the idea of political parties. Despite this fact, much of American government today is conducted on the basis of -----

party

One way parties have brought about constitutional change is by taking over the selection of candidates for the ------ and -------

vice presidency, presidency

The Constitution does not mention the President’s ----, his group of advisors. Instead, it came about through tradition and custom

Cabinet

Some customs were followed for years before being written into the Constitution, such as the --- ---- ---- tradition

No-Third-Term

What did the Magna Carta do, and who signed it?

It limited the king’s power, signed by King John

What did states hold to write and adopt their constitutions?

Conventions

Congress could not raise what to pay their debts

money

Congress had no power to regulate…

trade

In order to revise the ARticles of Confederation, congress called the

Consitutional convention

The Virginia Plan called for a strong central government with a

Bicameral legislature

The New Jersey Plan called for unicameral Congress with the states represented

equally

What Settled the issue of how the states would be represented in Congress

Connecticut Compromise

What settled the problem of how slaves would be counted?

Three-Fifths compromise

What type of government did the colonist want that could not take away basic individual rights?

Limited

What type of government gives people a say in government decisions?

Representative

What did parliament pass in 1689 that gave the people certain rights?

English Bill of Rights

What were the three proprietary colonies?

Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware

What were the two colonies that governed themselves?

Connecticut and Rhode Island

How did the British try to raise money?

by taxing the colonists

Some colonists boarded British ships and threw the tea overboard during what?

Boston Tea Party

What did the Colonists think about the Intolerable Acts?

Protested them, calling the First Continental Congress and refusing to buy anything from Britatin

The Second Continental Congress ran the government during the Revolutionary War. They also wrote the:

Articles of Confederation

What said that all people have the right to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness,” and was signed on July 4, 1776

Declaration of Independence

Most State Constitutions gave who most of the power

Legislature

Who wanted the constitution to be ratified because it provided for a strong national government?

Federalists

Who opposed the constitution because they thought it would take too much power away from the states?

Anti-Federalists

What guarantees Americans freedom of speech, religion, and the press

Bill of Rights

Who was the first president of the United States

George Washington

the first capital city was located in

New York City

The ------ chose the system of federalism. This system allows power to be divided between the ------- ------- and the -----

National Government, States

The system of federalism is intended to prevent the ----- of power. Each level of government has its own powers, ruling bodies, officials, and laws

Abuse

The national government has three types of ------- powers granted by the Constitution.

Delegated

\------ powers are those powers clearly spelled out in Constitution. ----- powers are found in the Constitution’s ----- Clause. ----- powers exist because the United States is a ------ state.

Expressed, implied, elastic, inherent, sovereign

The Constitution denies certain powers to the federal government to preserve the system of -----

federalism

The federal government cannot tax ----- or deny individual ------

exports, freedoms

Each state is a government of ---- powers, which are powers the Constitution does not give to the ------ -------

Reserved, National Government

Exclusive powers are given only to the ----- ------

National Government

\------- ------- are shared by both the federal government and the states

Concurrent powers

The ----- ------ says that the Constitution stands above all other laws

Supremacy Clause

The federal government guarantees each state a ----- form of government

republican

The federal government also must protect each state from ---- and ----- violence

invasion, interal

An ---- --- directs a state to write a Constitution.

Enabling Act

If the state Constitution is approved, Congress passes an --- -- ---------- allowing territory to become a new state

ACt of Admission

When setting conditions for admitting a state to the Union, Congress cannot -------- with a state’s ability to manage its --- ------

Interfere, own affairs

Three types of federal grants are ---- grants, ----- grants, and ------- grants

Categorical, Block, Project

State governments help the national government by ------- elections with local money

Funding

States take care of -----------, the process by which aliens can become citizens

Naturalization

Interstate compacts are ------ that states make with one another and with ---- states

Agreements, foreign

\------- reviews and approves all interstate compacts

Congress

The Full Faith and Credit Clause of the Constitution declares that ----, -----, and results of court cases of one state are ----- in all other states.

laws, record, valid

An exception to the Full Faith and Credit Clause it that one state cannot enforce the ------- --- of another state.

Criminal Law

\----- is the legal process by which a fugitive from justice is returned to a state.

Extradition

The ---------- and -------- Clause forbids any state from discriminating unreasonably against people

Privileges, Immunities

The two major political parties are the ------- and the --------

Democrat, Republican

Both parties are made up of three different groups: the party ---------, the party in ---------, and the party in the --------

Organization, government, electorate

The most important duty of a political party is to nominate ------ for public office

Candidates

\------ is a set of policies and promises by a political party. It states what the candidatewill do if election

Platform

The struggle for the ratification of the Constitution led to the formation of two -------

parties

\----- ------ districts have also encouraged a two-party system

Single-member

\---------- systems often lead to the formation of coalitions in order to create a majority

Multiparty

One-Party systems are usually -------

Dictatorships

the ------- supported George Washington and favored a strong central government

Federalists

The ------ Party was begun by Andrew Jackson

Democrat

The --------- came to power in 1854 when several groups-combined

Republicans

Control of government alternated between the Democrats and Republicans from

1800-1\`968

The period from 1968 to the present has been marked by ----- -------

Divided Government

Minor Parties called ------ parties are organized around a certain set of beliefs

Ideological

\------ ---- parties focus on only one main issue

Single-issue

\------ parties are minor parties that break away from a major party

Splinter

\------ ------ ------ sometimes appear when the economy is doing poorly

Economic Protest Parties

Minor parties can ------- the outcome of elections by ------ ----- from one of the major parties. Minor parties can also raise awareness of important issues

Influence, taking votes

Minor parties are plagued by a lack of -----

Money

\--------- and the ----- process are two major reasons for the lack of organization in the major parties

Federalism, Nominating

Each party has a national ------- that meets in the summer of presidential election years

Committee

Each party has a ---------- who leads the national committee and runs the presidential campaign

Chairperson

The members of a state central committee are chosen through a primary ------. They can also be chosen through local --------

Elections elections

Cities are divided into ----- on the electoral map of a state

wards

The right to vote is called ------ or the ------

Suffrage, franchise

The --- Amendment gave all male citizens of legal age the right to vote. The --- Amendment gave women the right to vote

15th, 19th

The -- Amendment ended the poll tax as a requirement to vote. The--- Amendment set the minimum voting age at 18

24th, 26th

In the 1990s, ------ ---- acts were passed to protect voting rights

Voting Rights