Telecom test 2 (b)

The ____________ layer links the application layer with the network layer is responsible for end-to-end delivery of messages.

b. transport

__________ is not an important function of the transport layer.

c. routing

_______ is the dominant network protocol today.

d. TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol was developed for ________ in 1974.

a. ARPANET

TCP/IP:

b. performs packetizing, as well as routing and addressing functions

A typical TCP packet has a _______ header of control information.

d. 192-bit

The source destination port identifier tells the destination station _____________.

c. which application layer process the packet is from.

TCP uses _____________ so that the destination station can reassemble the packets into the correct order.

b. sequence numbers

The older version of IP has a ________ header of control information.

b. 192-bit

IP:

d. performs routing functions

The newer form of IP, version 6 (Ipv6):

c. has an increased address size from 32 bits to 128 bits

Assume that more than one application program is using the same communications line on a particular computer. To be able to decide to which application program a message should be delivered on this computer, TCP/IP relies on the:

b. port address

The transport layer must break messages from the application layer into several _____ that can be sent to the data link layer.

d. packets

The negotiation by the transport layer at the sender with the transport layer at the receiver to determine what size packets should be set up is done via establishing a(n) ___________ between the sender and receiver.

d. TCP connection

A TCP connection is established in the ___________ routing method.

b. connection-oriented

_____________ routing is a method of routing in which each packet makes its own way through the network.

d. Connectionless

Which of the following is not a protocol used at the application layer.

e. UDP

______________ routing is most commonly used when the application data or message can fit into one single packet.

c. Connectionless

UDP is not commonly used for:

d. HTTP requests

With QoS routing different __________ are defined, each with different priorities.

a. classes of service

An application layer address using TCP/IPv4 looks like:

b. www.cba.uga.edu

A client computer is assigned a data link layer address is by:

a. hardware manufacturers

ICANN:

c. approves which network layer addresses (usually, approved or assigned in groups or classes) can be used by an organization for its computers that will connect to the Internet

IPv6 is based upon _________ -byte addresses.

d. 16

IPv4 uses ________ bytes per Internet address.

a. 4

A(n) ________ refers to a group of computers that are logically grouped together by IP number.

b. subnet

A subnet mask of ___________ means that all computers with only the same first two bytes in their IPv4 addresses are on the same subnet.

d. 255.255.0.0

Dynamic addressing:

e. can solve many updating headaches for network managers who have large, growing, changing networks

___________ is the translation of application layer addresses into IP addresses.

c. Server name resolution

Server name resolution is done using the:

e. Domain Name Service

When TCP/IP translates an application layer address into an IP address, it sends a special __________ to the nearest DNS server.

b. DNS request packet

When TCP/IP translates a network layer address into a data link layer address, it sends a special ____________ to all computers in the subnet.

d. broadcast message

_________ is a specially formatted request used to perform IP address to data link address resolution.

a. Address Resolution Protocol

___________ is the process of determining the path that a message will travel from sending computer to receiving computer.

a. Routing

The _____________ is used by a computer to determine how messages will travel through the network.

a. routing table

In its simplest form, the __________ has two columns: the first column lists every computer and device in the network, while the second column lists the computer or device to which that computer should send messages, if they are destined for the computer in the first column.

b. routing table

The three fundamental approaches to routing are:

e. centralized, static routing, and dynamic routing

An advantage of centralized routing is:

router in the network than dynamic routing

c. routing decisions are simple

With ________ routing, computers or routers count the number of hops along a route and periodically exchange information on the hop count with their neighbors.

c. distance vector

____________ refers to the type of routing in which the routing table is developed by the network manager and modifications are made only when computers are added to or removed from the network.

c. Static routing

_______________ is a type of dynamic routing.

d. Link state

One drawback to dynamic routing is:

static routing.

c. The transmission of status information "wastes" network capacity that could be used to send user messages

The ping command uses the most basic interior routing protocol on the Internet, which is the:

b. Internet Control Message Protocol

A type of message that is used when sending a message from one computer to another computer is called a:


e. radiated message

a. unicast message

A special type of message that is used when sending the same message to a specific group of computers is called a:

b. multicast message

A special type of message that is used when sending the same message to all computers on a specific LAN or subnet is called a:

c. broadcast message

IGMP refers to:

d. Internet Group Management Protocol

Which of the following is not given to a client computer when it is first installed on a TCP/IP network so that it has the appropriate routing/addressing information?

a. application layer address

Which of the following is not a component of a router?

d. Keyboard

A majority of routers use the following operating system:

d. Cisco Internetwork Operating System

The ______ defines what type of packets should be routed and what types of packets should be discarded.

a. ACL

_________created a service that allows organizations to transfer IPv4 addresses they don't need to another organization.

c. ARIN

IPv4 provides ___________ IP addresses.

a. 4.3 billion

The _____ address range is reserved for a computer to communicate with itself and is called the loopback.

b. 127

IP addresses from 224 to 239 belong to Class D and are reserved for

c. multicasting

Which of the following is not a step under the traditional network design approach?

b. An analyst takes the traffic on the current network and then multiplies that by a factor of 3.65 to come up with the estimate of the total traffic for the new network.

The traditional network design approach does not work well for _________ networks.

b. rapidly growing

Which of the following is not making the traditional design approach less appropriate for today's networks?

e. The most expensive part of any network is the hardware

Which of the following is not contributing to the dramatic increase in network traffic today?

d. Client computers today can have 2GB of RAM, a 300 GB hard drive, and 2 Ghz processors.

Which of the following is false about staff costs for a network?

e. When a variety of devices are used in a network, it takes less time to perform network management activities

The building block design approach is sometimes called:

b. narrow and deep

Nowadays, most organizations use a simpler approach to network design called the ___________ approach.

a. building-block

Which of the following is not a step used in newer types of network design processes?

c. implementation

In __________, the network designer attempts to understand the fundamental current and future network needs of the various users, departments, and applications.

b. needs analysis

In __________, the network designer examines the available technologies and assesses which options will meet the users' needs.

a. technology design

In __________, the network designer considers the relative cost of the technologies.

d. cost assessment

Which of the following is not true about network design?

d. In designing LAN networks, network designers tend to err on the side of building too small a network

In needs analysis:

b. the goal is to understand what users and applications the network will support

Gaining an understanding of the current application system and messages provides a _________ against which future design requirements can be gauged.

b. baseline

The goal of the needs analysis step is to produce a ___________, or a statement of the network elements necessary to meet the needs of the organization.

e. logical network design

__________ is not an important consideration when network designers review old and new applications.

a. Reviewing the NFL scores

Which of the following is not an example of identifying protocols that are needed to support hardware and software requirements of applications that will use the network?

e. an application will have drop down menu choices

Which of the following is not a way in which network requirements, identified in the needs analysis of the network design process, are organized?

a. non-necessary requirements

Which of the following is not included in the key deliverable for the needs assessment stage, the set of logical network diagrams?

d. specific routers that have been chosen to implement the proposed network

Which of the following is not an example of a building block used in technology design?

e. specifications for a particular lighting fixture in the network operating center

Once the needs have been defined in the logical network design, the next step is to develop a(n) __________.

c. technology design

Which of the following is a type of protocol that needs to be considered in technology design?

a. Ethernet

Estimating the size and type of the "standard" and "advanced" network circuits is called _________.

d. capacity planning

Which of the following would not be a type of circuit that needs to be considered when planning for technology design capacity?

b. Ethernet

In the technology design stage of network design,

d. the decisions for fundamental technology/protocols and circuit capacity are interrelated

___________ refers to the amount of data transmitted on a circuit.

a. Circuit loading

__________ is an estimate of the highest data volume on a link.

c. Peak circuit traffic

To establish circuit loading, the designer usually starts with the:

a. total characters transmitted per day on each circuit, or, if possible, the number of characters transmitted per two-second intervals if peaks must be met

According to one rule of thumb, ______ percent of circuit loading information is easy to gather.

c. 80

A _________ results when a network is used to a greater extent than was originally anticipated by the network designer.

c. turnpike effect

There are some network modeling tools that can ________ the existing network.

a. discover

________ is used to model the behavior of the planned communication network once the proposed network map is complete.

d. Simulation

Which of the following are not costs that are generally considered during the cost assessment stage of the network design process?

a. cost of advertising brochures for new products to be offered by an organization

Which of the following is not a main item for which network designers estimate costs for the proposed network?

d. ergonomic chairs for users

To estimate costs for large network purchases, organizations often:

e. issue an RFP to vendors

RFP stands for:

a. Request for Proposal

Estimating the cost of a network is ______ complex than estimating the cost of one new piece of data processing hardware.

a. much more

Which of the following is a way to sell the network proposal to management?

d. focus on the growth in network use

Which of the following is not a key deliverable for the cost assessment step?

b. list of wish list requirements

The large network purchases are done:

d. after the vendor(s) are selected

The network architecture component which enables users to access the network is the

a. LAN

The network architecture component that is sometimes referred to as the distribution layer is the

b. building backbone

The network architecture component which contains the organization's servers is called the

c. data center

The network architecture component that is a special LAN with a group of servers that enables electronic data exchange of between the organization and the external entities it does business with is called the

e. e-commerce edge

A circuit that is filled almost to its capacity and thus is the critical point that determines whether users get good or bad response times is referred to as a(n)

a. bottleneck