Government in Action

democratic-republican who simplified the government and presidency

thomas jefferson

Why was there a looming war with France?

the french began seizing american ships and sailors

Why was the Quasi War undeclared?

president john adams did not declare war

states had the right to nullify any act deemed unconstitutional like the alien and sedition acts

virginia and kentucky resolutions

Why did democratic-reublicans respond to the Alien and Sedition acts with the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions?

they felt that their first amendment right was violated

How did Thomas Jefferson simplify his position?

no big dinners and walked to inauguration

What did Thomas Jefferson do to help the democratic-republicans?

started to pay national debt, repealed the excise tax, and expired the alien and sedition acts

What did Thomas Jefferson keep in his administration?

the national bank, the debt, and tariffs

Who did america buy the louisiana purchase from?

the french; napoleon

What did Thomas Jefferson pass the Embargo act?

as a response to british impressment

Why did Thomas Jefferson a democratic-republican use the power of the government?

he thought it was in the best interest of the people

What did the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions show?

the separation of power

Why did federalists have less influence compared to democratic republicans?

federalists had less influence because they did not campaign for the common people

How did the federalists loose power during the Thomas Jefferson Administration?

thomas jefferson replaces some federalist officials with democratic-republican officials

What was Marbury V. Madison?

james madison refused to give william marbury his commission to become a judge

What was the result of Marbury V. Madison?

supreme court has the final say and can overturn an act of congress that violates the constitution

What constitutional “check” was used during Marbury V. Madison?

judicial review by the supreme court

What did President Washington and other national leaders effectively create?

the executive and judicial branches of government

How did the federalists and democratic-republicans express their political differences?

through democratic means

What did the federal government take effective action on?

domestic affairs

sealing up of american ports

blockade

the practice of seizing american ships and drafting americans into the british navy

policy of impressment

govener of the indiana territory who organized a meeting in for wayne trying to persuade native chiefs to sign away land to the united states

william henry harrison

John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay called for war after discovering that the natives were being armed by the british

the war hawks

tennesse general who defeated a superior british force at the battle of new orleans

andrew jackson

when the united states declared war on britain what did they do?

attacked canada and burned york

what did the british do as a response to the burning of york?

burned DC and attacked baltimore

Why was the american system established?

for self reliance

north

manufacturing

south

agriculture - cotton

west

agriculture - food stuffs

Why did the federalist party fade?

they opposed the war of 1812

only one political party

the era of good feelings

What was the result of the war of 1812 in america?

confirmed american independence and strengthened nationalism

What did america accomplish after the war of 1812?

unifying different regions

What did Henry Clay do in the 1820s?

promoted the american system that would unite the nations economic interests

What did Eli Whitney do in the 1820s?

invented the cotton gin and first musket made of interchangeable parts

What did Samuel Slater do in the 1820s?

established the first mechanized textile factory in america

What did victory in the war of 1812 do for America?

filled the nation with pride and resulted in the era of good feelings

Henry Clay

american system

Sam Slater

manufacturing

Eli Whitney

south agriculture

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

warned european nations not to further interfere in the western hemisphere

What did the industrial revolution do for america?

no longer have to rely on britian and other european nations for manufactured goods

What was the election of andrew jackson a result of?

mass democracy because he had the support of the common man

Jackson won the election of 1828 as the first

democrat

How did Jackson win the election of 1828?

his appeal to the common man

What was the “corrupt bargain”?

jackson claiming that john quincy adams and henry clay made a corrupt bargain to win the election of 1824

Who did Jackson act for?

the common people

How did Indian Removal help the common people?

they got more land

What was the Nullification Crisis?

jackson defended the constitution when nullifiers of south carolina wanted to nullify a tariff

why did president jackson destroy the national bank?

because of its connection to wealthy elites

what did the destroying of the national bank result in?

the panic of 1837 an economic recession

a bitter struggle between thomas jefferson, a democratic republican, and his federalist opponent, john adams

election of 1800

a staunch federalist appointed by john adams and chief justice of the supreme court

john marshall

act passed by john adams just before leaving office which increased the number of federal judges

judiciary act of 1801

the federalist judges appointed by john adams from the judiciary act were known as

midnight judges

supreme court’s power to declare an act of congress unconstitutional

judicial review

Who was elected in 1812 and what did he declare?

james madison is elected president and he declares war on britain

defeated natives of the creek tribe at the battle of horseshoe and defeated a superior british force at the battle of new orleans

general andrew jackson

in 1815, britain and american agreed to a ten year joint occupation of

the oregon territory

what did the XYZ affair, the quasi war with france, and the alien and sedition acts cause?

john adams struggles as president

the united states would support neither side during the french revolution

washington’s neutrality

Why did george washington decide to take the position of neutrality?

war was not in the new nations best interest

british agreed to evacuate ports in the northwest territory, but were allowed to continue their fur trades

jay’s treaty

the french insult american by demanding a bribe for negotiation

xyz affair

undeclared naval war between america and france

quasi war with france

laws passed by the federalists to counter criticism of the adams administration that reduced the political power of immigrants

alien and sedition acts

Why did the federalists pass the alien and sedition acts?

to counter growing criticism of the adams admin and hold onto power

Why was immigration included in the alien and sedition acts?

some democratic republicans were immigrants

states had the right to nullify or ignore any act of congress deemed unconstitutional like the alien and sedition acts

virginia and kentucky resolutions

neither states nor congress can prevent an immigrant to become naturalized in america

naturalization law

Why did president thomas jefferson keep the national bank, national debt, and tariffs?

he realizes the importance of monetary stability

the ruler of the mediterranean tripoli declared war on america

barbary pirates

doubled the territory of america and led to the formation of six more states

louisiana purchase

exploration of the louisiana purchase for science and geography

louis and clark expedition

served as interpreter and guide during the louis and clark expedition

sacajawea

stopped all exports of american goods and prohibited american ships from leaving for foreigner ports

embargo act

Why did president thomas jefferson pass the embargo act?

to punish british

chief justice john marshall’s rulings counters the virginia and kentucky resolutions

pushing federal power from supreme court

What did marbury v madison exercise?

judicial review

the supreme court’s power to declare an act of congress unconstitutional

judicial review

How did president thomas jefferson deal with the barbary pirates?

sent warships to blockade them

What did the warships blockading the barbary pirates result in?

the pasha settling for ransom

What did the embargo act cause?

the economy collapsed

How did england’s war with france impact america?

blockades, impressment, and the embargo act

Where were americans beginning to settle?

indiana territory

attack on general william henry harrison and his troops that resulted in the burning of the shawnee capital

battle of tippecanoe

the shawnee chief who believed that the land was rightfully the natives and creating a confederation was the only way to stop white settlement

tecumseh

What prompted the opinions of the war hawks?

british alliance with native americans

How did native americans resist settlement?

tecumseh led the battle of tippecanoe against settlers

senator of south carolina who waged for war against britain

john c calhoun

speaker of the house of representatives from kentucky who waged for war against britain

henry clay

Who wrote the national anthem?

francis scott key

declared armistice or ending to fighting of the war of 1812

the treaty of ghent

what event caused americans to believe they had won the war of 1812?

andrew jackson’s victory as the battle of new orleans

set of measures designed to unify the nation and strengthen its economy by means of protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements like transportation

american system

members of the federalist party met to speak against the war of 1812

hartford convention

a devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation

nationalism

the placing of the interests of one’s own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole (north v south)

sectionalism