History Midterm Exam Flashcards
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35 Terms
Mungo Man
male skeleton found near Mungo Lake
ocher
reddish brown pigment
Homo sapiens sapiens
biological term for modern human beings
Hominins
all human ancestors (not chimps, gorillas, orangutans)
evolution
development of new species through natural selection
religion
belief system that divine powers control the universe
Neanderthals
group of premodern humans (10,000 - 25,000 BCE)
Beringia
landmass that connected the tip of Serbia with Alaska
Monte Verde, Chile
earliest site in the Americas
stratigraphy
belief that material from upper layers must be more recent than the lower layers
carbon 14
isotope of carbon that can be used to determine the age of samples
Clovis technological complex
stone spear points
agriculture
planting of seeds & harvesting of crops using domesticated animals
Neolithic
New Stone Age
Paleolithic
Old Stone Age
Mauryan Dynasty
dynasty that unified much of India
ceremonial state
state whose ruler sponsors religious observances
The first ruler of the Qin dynasty was also…
the first ruler of a unified China
Shang Dynasty
first real dynasty
Dates of Shang
1700 - 1045 bce
oracle bones
earliest form of Chinese writing
ancestor worship
main religion of Shang China
Sima Qian
wrote the Records of the Great Historian
Zhou Dyansty
2nd dynasty, started the Mandate of Heaven
Dates for the Zhou?
1050 - 221 bce
Mandate of Heaven
belief that gods choose the worthy ruler
Confucius
511 - 479 BCE, founder of Confucianism
Confucianism
philosophy emphasizing the 5 main relationships
Daoism
relationship emphasizing the harmony between nature and people
Qin dynasty
1st dynasty to rule over a unified China
Han dynasty
following the Qin, and kept their blueprint for empire
Dates for the Qin?
206 bce - 220 ce
Imperial Academy
established in 124 bce, encouraged study of Confucian texts
Ban Zhao
author of Lessons for Women
Legalism
school of thought, emphasized the idea that promotion was based on merit on family status, and promoted harsh punishments