Med Term Quiz #1

What is cephalic mean?

Head

What does caudal mean?

Tail

What does cephalic superior mean?

towards the top of the body

What does caudal inferior mean?

towards the lower end of the body

What does anterior ventral mean?

towards the front of the body

what does posterior dorsal mean?

towards the back of the body

What does medial mean?

towards the midline or middle

What does lateral mean?

towards the side

What does distal mean?

away from point of origin or from the beginning of a structure

What happens at the distal end?

the tibial joins the ankle

What does proximal mean?

closest to the point of origin or near the beginning of a structure

What happens at the proximal end?

the tibia joins the knee

What does dorsal mean?

towards the back

What does umbilical region mean?

around the naval

What does epigastric region mean?

directly above the umbilical region

What does hypogastric region mean?

directly below the umbilical region

What does hypochondriac region mean?

to the right and left of the epigastric region

What does lumbar regions mean?

to the right and left of the umbilical region

What does iliac regions mean?

to the right and left of the hypogastric region

What does extension mean?

movement in which a limb is placed in a straight position

What does flexion mean?

movement in which a limb is bent

What does afferent mean?

conveying toward a center (for example, afferent nerves carry impulses to the central nervous system)

What does efferent mean?

conveying away from the center (for example, efferent nerves carry impulses away the central nervous system)

What does plantar mean?

pertaining to the sole of the foot

What does palmar mean?

pertaining to the palm of the hand

What does prone mean?

lying straight on one's front; facedown

What does supine mean?

lying straight on one's back; faceup

what does deep mean?

situated away from the surface

What does superficial mean?

situated near the surface

What does adduction mean?

state of drawing toward the middle

What does abduction mean?

state of drawing away from the middle

What does eversion mean?

state of turning outward

What does inversion mean?

state of turning inward

What does bilateral mean?

pertaining to both sides

What does unilateral mean?

pertaining to one side only

What does carp/o mean?

carpals (wrist bone)

What does clavic/o, clavicul/o mean?

clavicle (collarbone)

What does cost/o mean?

rib

What does crani/o mean?

cranium (skull)

What does femor/o mean?

femur (upper leg bone)

What does fibul/o mean?

fibula (lower leg bone)

What does humer/o mean?

humerus (upper arm bone)

What does ili/o mean?

ilium

What does ischi/o mean?

ischium

What does mandibul/o mean?

mandible (lower jawbone)

What does maxill/o mean?

maxilla (upper jawbone)

What does patell/o mean?

patella (kneecap)

What does phalang/o mean?

phalanges (finger or toe bones)

What does pub/o mean?

pubis

What does radi/o mean?

radius (lower arm bone)

What does scapul/o mean?

scapula (shoulder blade)

What does stern/o mean?

sternum (breastbone)

What does tars/o mean?

tarsals (ankle bones)

What does tibi/o mean?

tibia (lower leg bone)

What does uln/o mean?

ulna (lower arm bone)

What does vertebr/o mean?

vertebra

What does rachi/o mean?

spinal

What does spondyl/o mean?

vertebral column

What does ankylo/o mean?

crooked, stiff, bent    

What does kinesi/o mean?

movement, motion                      

What does kyph/o mean?

hump

What does lamin/o mean?

lamina (thin, flat plate or layer)

What does lord/o mean?

bent forward  

What does myel/o, myelon/o mean?

bone marrow     

What does my/o, myos/o mean?

muscle

What does oste/o mean?

bone

What does petr/o mean?

stone

What does scoli/o mean?

crooked, curved

What does inter mean?

between

What does supra mean?

above

What does syn-, sym- mean?

together, joined

What does asthenia mean?

weakness

What does clasis, clast, clasia mean?

break

What does desis mean?

surgical fixation, fusion

What does physis mean?

growth

What does schisis mean?

split, fissure

What does ankylosis mean?

abnormal condition of stiffness, (often referring to a joint, such as the result of chronic rheumatoid arthritis)

What does arthritis mean?

inflammation of a joint, the two most common forms of arthritis being rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis

What does arthrochondritis mean?

inflammation of joint cartilages

What does bursitis mean?

inflammation of a bursa

What does bursolith mean?

stone in a bursa

What does chondromalacia mean?

softening of cartilage 

What does diskitis mean?

inflammation of an intervertebral disk

What does kyphosis mean?

abnormal hump (of the thoracic spine); also called hunchback

What does lordosis mean?

abnormal condition of bending forward (forward curvature of the lumbar spine)

What does osteomyelitis mean?

inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

What does myasthenia mean?

muscle weakness

What does myeloma mean?

(malignant) tumor in the bone marrow

What does osteitis mean?

inflammation of the bone

What does osteocarcinoma mean?

cancerous tumor of the bone

What does osteochondritis mean?

inflammation of the bone and cartilage

What does osteofibroma mean?

tumor of the bone and fibrous tissue

What does osteomalacia mean?

softening of bones

What does scoliosis mean?

abnormal (lateral) curve of the spine

What does tendinitis mean?

inflammation of a tendon

What does arthrodesis mean?

surgical fixation of a joint

What does arthroplasty mean?

surgical repair of a joint

What does arthrotomy mean?

incision of a joint

What does bursectomy mean?

excision of a bursa

What does bursotomy mean?

incision of a bursa