Unit V Review: Unrest and Malaise

Flashcards covering the Unit V Review Sheet, focusing on the Vietnam War, Nixon's administration, the Great Society, and social movements of the 1960s and 1970s.

First Indochina War ($1946-1955$)

The conflict between French Indochina forces and the Viet Minh following World War II.

Battle of Dien Bien Phu ($1954$)

The decisive military engagement that resulted in the French defeat in Indochina.

Geneva Accords ($1955$)

The international agreement that resulted in the partition of Vietnam.

Viet Cong

Communist guerrilla forces operating in South Vietnam.

Domino Theory

The geopolitical theory suggesting that if one country fell to communism, neighboring countries would also follow.

Ho Chi Minh

The leader of North Vietnam and the Viet Minh during the independence movement and the Vietnam War.

Strategic Hamlet Program

A plan by the governments of South Vietnam and the United States to combat communist influence by moving rural populations into fortified villages.

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution ($1964$)

A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress that gave President Lyndon B. Johnson authority to use military force in Southeast Asia without a formal declaration of war.

Tet Offensive ($1968$)

A massive, coordinated series of North Vietnamese and Viet Cong attacks across South Vietnam that significantly impacted U.S. public opinion.

Counterculture

A cultural movement of the $1960s$ and $1970s$ characterized by hippies, psychedelia, and non-conformist values often centered in places like Haight-Ashbury and Greenwich Village.

Great Society

President Lyndon B. Johnson's domestic policy initiatives aimed at ending poverty and racial injustice through programs like Head Start and Medicare.

Medicare

A Great Society program providing federal health insurance for the elderly.

Medicaid

A Great Society program providing health assistance for low-income individuals.

New Federalism

President Nixon’s domestic policy based on revenue sharing and shifting power from the federal government back to local levels.

Détente

President Nixon's foreign policy focused on easing Cold War tensions, exemplified by Nixon’s visits to China and the USSR in $1972$.

SALT Talks

The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks between the United States and the USSR aimed at limiting nuclear weaponry.

Pentagon Papers

A classified Department of Defense study titled United States - Vietnam Relations, $1945-1967$, which was leaked to the press by Daniel Ellsberg.

Watergate

The political scandal beginning with the $1972$ DNC Headquarters break-in that led to the resignation of President Nixon in $1974$.

The Plumbers

A secret White House unit tasked with stopping leaks of classified information during the Nixon administration.

Stagflation

An economic condition of the $1970s$ characterized by a combination of stagnant wages and high inflation.

OPEC

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the cartel responsible for the oil crises of $1973$ and $1979$.

Roe v. Wade ($1973$)

The Supreme Court case that legalized abortion as part of the 2nd Wave Feminism movement.

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

A proposed amendment originally passed in $1972$ intended to guarantee equal rights regardless of sex.

Stonewall Riots ($1969$)

A series of spontaneous protests by the LGBTQIA+ community in NYC that served as a catalyst for the Gay Liberation movement.

Camp David Accords ($1978$)

A peace agreement between Israel and Egypt brokered by President Jimmy Carter.

Iranian Hostage Crisis ($1979-1981$)

A diplomatic standoff in which $52$ Americans were held captive in Tehran for $444$ days.

Vietnamization

Nixon’s policy of gradually withdrawing U.S. troops from Vietnam while turning the fighting over to South Vietnamese forces.

Paris Peace Accords ($1973$)

The agreement intended to establish peace in Vietnam and end the direct military involvement of the United States.