DH101 Final

Why would you use an obturator

To close a palatal opening

It is a prosthesis usually with artificial teeth attached for people who have a hole in the middle of their palate

Examples cancer, drugs

Caries are?

A transmissible disease

An infectious disease

It’s preventable disease

Has not been ERADICATED

Which type of fluoride is not recommended on bonded restorations

ACP fluoride

What is the difference between ultrasonic processing and ultrasonic cleaning

Ultrasonic processing=a cleaning process

Not a substitute for sterilization

Type A hepatitis

Contaiminated food or drink- Vaccine

Type E hepatitis

Undercooked meat or water contaminated with feces- NO vaccine

Type B hepatitis

Blood, semen, or other body fluids (sharing needles, needle stick) VACCINE

Type C hepatitis

Blood or by sharing needles NO VACCINE

Type D hepatitis

Only occurs in those infected with type B hepatitis -Vaccine for Type B prevents type D due to necessary co-infection

Gracey 1/2 scaler

Anteriors-surfaces toward you and away from you. Facial and lingual

Gracey 11/12

Mesial surfaces on pre-molars and molars. Facial and lingual

Gracey 13/14

Distal surfaces on pre-molars and molars. Facial and lingual surfaces

What are the pencil colors for restorations or caries

Restorations that need treatment; RED

Restorations that are already there; Blue?

How much outer enamel may be removed when polishing for 30 seconds with a pumice paste

A few micrometers (up to 4)

Know if stains on teeth are factors for disease, or destructive purposes

No removal of stain is for esthetic purposes only

Stain is not a factor for disease or destructive processes

The most widely accepted method of tooth brushing is

Bass method

Modified bass technique

Describe a refractory case

A case that is not responsive to usual treatment

Name the man who is credited for developing the class of occlusion

Angle

Define open-bite

Lack of occlusion or Incisial occlusion between certain maxillary and mandibular teeth because either or both have failed to reach the line of occlusion

An example of a compound cavity

MO, DO, OL or OB any two surfaces

What are the purposes of proximal contacts

To prevent drifting, stabilize position of teeth in the arch; to prevent food impaction

Definition of erythema

Red area of variable size and shape

Define erosion

Is the loss of tooth substance by a chemical process that does not involve known bacterial action

Define attrition

Tooth wear from tooth to tooth contact, resulting in tooth tissue

State the name of the highest and lowest numbers in a blood pressure reading

Systolic highest and diastolic lowest

When to fill out a health history form

We review and update health history at each and every appointment

A new form must be filled out annually and a new film must be filled out any time there is a BIG CHANGE in health. As usual, it is confidential

A health history form should be updated?

It must be updated at every appointment

which part of the patient examination SOAP notes gingival bleeding would be?

Under O for objective

Which part of the patient examination notes lymph node location would be

In the EOE (extra oral examination) section

Which tooth numbering system was adopted by the ADA

Universal tooth numbering system

Dental caries are charted

RED

What is the best way to obtain a complete patient history

A combination of interview and questionnaire

Why the use of encryption technology is important/

For security of patient information and protection in case computers are intercepted

Which parts of the patient appointment is considered legal evidence in any legal action

All parts of each patient appointment including, films, written or computer records

What is the problem with having a rigid grasp while scaling with an instrument

Fingers would be sore, wrist may be shaking,

Ineffectiveness of calculus removal and loss of tactile sense

Describe the edges of a universal curette

It has one continuous cutting edge around the face because the two sides are united without interruption by the rounded toe

What is the ideal angulation formed between a curette instrument face and tooth surface when scaling

70degrees

name the inner surface of the working end of a curette

Face or BLADE

What drink should not be taken with fluoride supplement

Milk

List 4 food that contain fluoride

Tea, vegetables, meat and eggs

What food has the greatest amount of fluoride

Tea

What is the maximum amount of NaF that can be dispensed per household at one time

No more than 264mg NaF

120mg of Fluoride

What are the benefits of post-eruptive fluoride exposure

Enhances remineralization

Inhibits demineralization

Interferes with metabolism of bacteria

Inhibits growth of bacteria

Name the most economical systemic fluoride delivery method

Community Water fluoridation systems

which enamel surfaces will absorb the most fluoride when exposed in the oral environment

Demineralized enamel surfaces

What is the optimum concentration in the water supply

The optimum level for fluoride is 0.7ppm to prevent caries and minimize fluorosis No mater What The Climate is

Define hydraulic conductance

Fluid-filled dentin tubules which transmit fluid disturbances

Define abfraction

A cervical lesion caused by occlusal stresses or tooth flexors during bruxing

Describe the tactile sensitivity of a rigid shank

A rigid shank does not proved good tactile sensitivity

How does the periodontal ligament appear on the radiograph

Radiolucent line between the lamina dura and root

How does early furcation appear on a radiograph

may appear as a radiolucent triangle

describe the working end of an explorer

Slender, wirelike metal and pointed tip

Define a pocket

has an inner wall(tooth surface) and an outer wall( the sulcular epithelium or pocket epithelium) of the free ginviga. The two walls meet to form a pocket

describe a probe

A probe has three parts, a handle, angled shank and working end

A slender instrument with a BLUNTED TIP

For examining pocket depth and topography of a gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket

The purpose of a shepherds hook?

To examine surfaces for caries

What is the purpose of drying supragingival calculus with an air syringe

To facilitate exploring and scaling

Small deposits become visible with compressed air

Who can get gingivitis and periodontitis

Both children and adults can get both

What is floss cleft

Snapping the floss in between the teeth forcefully, the slits are mostly seen at the sides of the margin

Stillman’s cleft

A mucogingival triangular shaped defect predominantly seen on the buccal surface of a root

Recession with a slit in the middle

Junctrional epithelium and what it provides

It is a band of stratified epithelium that is continuous with the sulcular epithelium and completely encircles the tooth. It provides a seal at the base of the sulcus

Provides protection

Class I embrasures

The tip of the interdental papilla is apical to the contact point of the adjacent teeth, but the interproximal CEJ is not visible

Class II embrasures

Tip of interdental papilla is at or apical to the interproximal CEJ, but coronal to the facial CEJ

Class III embrasures

The interdental papilla is at or apical to the level of the facial CEJ

Location of the gingival sulcus

The gingival sulcus is the crevice or space between the free gingiva and the tooth extending from the free gingiva to the JE(junctional epithelium)F

Function of Cementum

Seals the tubules of the root dentin and provide attachment for periodontal fiber groups

Supports the tooth along with the alveolar bone by serving as the attachment for periodontal fiber groups for the periodontal ligament

SEALS the TUBULES of the ROOT DENTIN

Clinical crown

Part of the ABOVE the attached periodontal tissues

Clinical root

Part of the tooth below the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket

Describe the color of pulpless teeth

Mostly gray, blackish discolored but sometimes can remain white

Describe the relationship between betel Leaf and dental caries

Betel leaf is caries-inhibiting effect., gentle scaling can remove it

High risk cancer

Define local enamel hypoplasia

White spots on a single tooth due to ameloblastic disturbance

Define fluorosis

Enamel hypomineralization resulting from ingestion of excessive fluoride during tooth mineralization

Know the area calculus occurs most frequently

Facial (buccal surfaces) of the maxillary molars and

Then lingual surfaces of mandibular incisors

Name the only type of professional topical fluoride which can be used on those 6years old and under

5% neutral sodium (NaF) Varnish

Is the only fluoride application that’s safe for children under 6yrs.

Light calculus formers have

Light calculus formers have higher levels of PYROPHOSPHTE in their saliva

Heavy calculus formers have

Higher salivary levels of calcium and phosphorous than light calculus formers

The most highly mineralized tissue in the body is

Dental enamel

What are the three steps in calculus formation

Pellicle formation, biofilm formation and mineralization

State the active ingredient in calculus-control dentifrices (tartar control)

Pyrophosphate

It’s an inhibitor of calcification and is used in tartar control

The frequency of eating/drinking large

It is better to eat larger amounts in a short amount of time

The frequency of eating/drinking small amounts of surgery has on dental caries

Small amounts of sucrose eaten at frequent intervals is more carcinogenic

Define material ALba

On top of biofilm, visible without disclosing agent

Soft deposits loosely adherent white or gray-ish mass of oral debris and bacteria that lies over dental biofilm

State the pH enamel demineralization

4\.5-5.5

State the area biofilm occurs least on

Anterior facials and palatal surfaces

How many days does it take to develop gingivitis when biofilm is left undisturbed

10-21 day

describe the reason health professionals feel comfortable using PubMed as a search engine

they provide scholarly articles in biomedical fields and are EVIDENCED BASED

What is included as part of periodontal probing assessment

Bleeding, Suppuration, furcations, mobility, Mucogingival involvement

Area-specific curettes cutting edges

Has one per working-end with the curved toe

Universal curettes cutting edges

Two per working end

Describe how fluoride supplements taken in pregnancy benefit the child’s permanent teeth

“The permanent teeth do not form until after birth, so this will not help with the child’s permanent teeth

What is the most important characteristics of Informed consent

It covers risks of doing or not doing procedures for at least a year

Name the area where the incidence of gingivitis is greatest

It begins and is the greatest in the interdental col area

List three factors for oral cancer

Tobacco, sun exposure, and alcohol use

Define prognosis

is a forecast of the outcome of a disease or condition,

a look ahead to an anticipated outcome or end point expected from the dental hygiene intervention selected for an individual patient

Describe the purpose for tissue conditioning

An effort to restore the health of the tissue , help your gums out while they are still healing

Are temporary soft lining materials that are used to treat the damaged mucosa

Class I furcation

Means early beginning involvement where the probe can feel just the beginning of a furcation dentation

Class II furcation

Moderate involvement; the furcation can be probed but not through and through

Class III furcation

Severe involvement; the bone between the roots is destroyed and a probe can pass through

Class IV furcation

Severe involvement; same as three but with clinical exposure resulting from gingival recession

ASA TYPE II

Mild systemic disease or extreme dental anxiety

ASA TYPE III

Systemic disease that limits activity but is not incapitating