Ch. 25 IN DEPTH Ques. FEM repro syst.

ovaries

primary sex organs that produce sex cells/gamtes/ova/eggs

produce female sex hormones

granulosa cells produce?

estrogen and progesterone

list female sex hormones

almond shaped

ovaries are what shape?

locared in pelvic cavity lateral to uterus

ovaries are located where?

3 supporting structures

how many supporting structures does ovaries have?

ovarian ligament, mesovarium, and suspensory ligament

what are the supporting structures of ovaries?

attaches ovary to uterus

ovarian ligament attaches?

broad ligament

mesovarium is part of what ligament

mesovarium

supports ovary and blood vessels going to and away from ovaries

attaches to lateral pelvic cavity and supports blood vessels

suspensory ligament attaches to ? and supports?

fibrous connective tissue capsule and tunica albuginea

what tissue surrounds ovaries?

2 main; ovarian medulla and ovarian cortex

how many internal parts of ovaries? what are they?

ovarian medulla

supports blood, lymphatic vessles, and nerves

ovarian medulla

central part of areolar connective tissue of ovaries

ovarian cortex

contains follicles in different stages of development with oocyte

surrounded by follicle/granulosa cells and fluid filled antrum in later stages

ovarian cortex is surrounded by?

roughly a monthly cycle during female reproductive years

how long is an ovarian cycle?

2; follicular phase and luteal phase

main phases of ovarian cycle? how many?

follicular phase

first half of ovarian cycle?

ovulation

what occurs between the 2 main phases of ovarian cycle?

mature follicle

what ruptures at ovary surface?

secondary oocyte is released with some granulosa cells surrounding it (coroba radiata)

once mature follicle ruptures what is released?

luteal phase

second half of ovarian cycle?

yellow colored corpus luteum

what forms from ruptured mature follicel?

white-light gray colored corpus albicans

yellow colored corpus luteum later degenerates to

oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes

where does fertilization of egg by sperm and early embryonic development take place?

lateral to uterus

oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes are lateral to?

mesosalpinx

oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes are supported by ?

extend from ovaries to uterus in pelvic cavity

oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes extend from

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus

how many parts of oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes? what are they?

infundibulum

has a funnel shape

infundibulum

has fimbriae at ovary

ampulla

central, larget part of oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes?

connects to uterus

isthmus connects to?

isthmus

narrow last third of oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes

mucosa and muscularis

microscopic anatomy of oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes include?

mucosa of oviducts/uterine tubes/fallopian tubes

has ciliated and nonciliated columnar epithelium

uterus

cilia power strokes are directed towards?

muscularis

smooth muscle of ovaries contracts to create fluid flow from ovary to uterus

located in pelvic cavity postereosuperior to urinary bladder

uterus/womb is located in?

implantation, development of embryo and fetus and childbirth

functions of uterus/womb include?d

round ligaments, mesometrium, cardinal ligaments

supporting structures of uterus/womb include

anterior body wall

round ligaments of supporting structures attach anterior uterus to ?

mesometrium of uterus/womb

largest part of broad ligament (uterus/womb)

lateral pelvic wall

mesometrium of uterus/womb attaches uterus to ?

attach cervix of lateral pelvic wall

cardinal ligaments attach ? (uterus/womb)

4 regions; body, fundus, isthmus, cervix

how many regions of uterus/womb? what are they?

body

largest, central region of uterus/womb?

superior to where oviducts join uterus

fundus of uterus/womb is superior to ?

inferior to body

isthmus of uterus/womb is inferior to?

cervix

narrow neck of uterus

cervix

most inferior region of uterus/womb?

extends into vagina

cervix extends into ?

lumen

the opening through uterus

2; uterine cavity and cervical canal

lumen has how many main parts; what are they?

bordered by body of uterus

uterine cavity is bordered by ?

goes through cervix

cervical canal goes through ?

communicates with uterine cavity

cervical canal communicates with?

cervical canal

communicates with uterine cavity at internal os and vagina at external os

3; perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

uterine wall has how many layers? what are they?

perimetrium

thin outer layer of uterine wall

areolar connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium

perimetrium of uterine wall has what connective tissue?

myometrium

thick middle layer of smooth muscle (uterine wall)

myometrium

uterine wall layer involved in childbirth

endometrium

inner general layer of uterine wall

basal layer and functional layer

sublayers of endometrium?

basal layer

endometrium layer located next to myometrium

functional layer of endometrium

endometrium layer that builds up and breaks down during uterine cycle

functional layer of endometrium

thick lamina propria with many small blood vessels

Uterine cycle

roughly monthly cylce closely related to ovarian cycle

3; menstrual phase, proliferative phase, and secretory phase

uterine cycle has how many phases? what are they?

1-5 days

menstrual phase may last how many days?

menstrual phase

functional layer breaks down

6-14 days

proliferative phase lasts how many days?

proliferative phase

functional layer grows thicker

secretory phase

functional layer grows this thickest layer?

secretory phase

ready for implantation of embryo

15-28

secretory phase lasts how many days

extending posterior to urinary bladder and urethra from cervix of uterus to vaginal office

vagina/birth canal extending posterior to

vagina/birth canal

functions in sexual intercourse

deep to posterior labia

greater vestiubular glands are deep to?

lateral to vaginal orifice

greater vestiubular glands are lateral to

homologous to bulbo-urethral glands in male

greater vestiubular glands are homologous to ?

secrete lubricating fluid through ducts during sexual arousal

greater vestiubular glands secrete what?

3 layers; mucosa, muscularis, adventitia

vaginal wall has how many layer? what are they?

mucosa of vaginal wall

forms parietal covering of vaginal orifice (hymen)

muscularis

middle layer of smooth muscle (vaginal wall)

adventitia of vaginal wall

outer layer of areolar connective tissue (vaginal wall)

external to vagina

external genitalia/vulva is found where?

over pubic symphysis

mons pubis is found where?

mons pubis in female; homologous to scrotum in male

labia majora extends from? female and male

labia majora

2 larger fatty skin folds

labia minora

2 smaller skin folds

includes vaginal orifice and external urethral orifice

vestibule includes?

prepuce of clitoris

labia minora anteriorly joins to form?

clitoris

homologous to penis in male

erectile tissue

clitoris is mainly made up of?

integumentary system

mammary glands/breasts are anatomically part of ?

exocrine glands

mammary glands/breasts function as what glands?