Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 5 Muscle Chart

Biceps brachii origin

* long head: Superior margin of glenoid fossa of scapula
* short head: coracoid process of scapula

Biceps brachii insertion

radial tuberosity of radius; fascia of medial forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

Biceps brachii action

flexion and supination of forearm; flexion of arm

Brachialis origin

anterior surface of humerus

Brachialis insertion

coronoid process of ulna

Brachialis action

flexion of forearm

Coracobrachialis origin

coracoid process of scapula

Coracobrachialis insertion

medial surface of humerus

Coracobrachialis action

flexion and adduction of humerus

Triceps brachii origin

* long head: inferior margin of glenoid fossa of scapula
* lateral head: posterior surface of humerus
* medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to origin of lateral head

Triceps brachii insertion

olecranon process of ulna

Triceps brachii action

extension of forearm; long head extends and adducts arm

Pronator teres origin

medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of ulna

Pronator teres insertion

lateral surface of radius

Pronator teres action

pronation and flexion of forearm

Flexor carpi radialis origin

medial epicondyle of humerus

Flexor carpi radialis insertion

base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Flexor carpi radialis action

flexion and abduction of the wrist

Palmaris longus origin

medial epicondyle of humerus

Palmaris longus insertion

flexor retinaculum; palmar aponeurosis

Palmar longus action

flexion of wrist

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin

medial epicondyle of humerus; olecranon process of ulna

Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion

pisiform; hamate; base of 5th metacarpal

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

flexion and adduction of the wrist

Flexor digitorum superficials origin

medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of ulna; anterior surface of radius

Flexor digitorum superficials insertion

medial phalanges of medial four digits

Flexor digitorum superficials action

flexion of fingers and wrist

Flexor pollicis longus origin

anterior surface of radius; interosseous membrane

Flexor pollicis longus insertion

distal phalanx of thumb (1st digit)

Flexor pollicis longus action

flexion of the thumb and wrist

Flexor digitorum profundus origin

medial and anterior surface of ulna; coronoid process; interosseous membrane

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion

distal phalanx of medial four digits

Flexor digitorum profundus action

flexion of distal phalanges and wrist

Pronator quadratus origin

medial surface of ulna at the distal end

Pronator quadratus insertion

anterolateral surface of radius at the distal end

Pronator quadratus action

pronation of forearm

Brachioradialis origin

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Brachioradialis insertion

lateral surface of distal radius

Brachioradialis action

flexion of forearm

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion

base of 2nd metacarpal

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

extension and abduction of the wrist

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

base of 3rd metacarpal

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

extension and abduction of the wrist

Extensor digitorum origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Extensor digitorum insertion

extensor expansion of medial four digits

Extensor digitorum action

extension of fingers and wrist

Extensor digiti minimi origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Extensor digiti minimi inserion

extensor expansion of the 5th digit

Extension digiti minimi action

extension of the 5th digit and wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior surface of ulna

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

base of 5th metacarpal

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

extension and adduction of wrist

Anconeus origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus

Anconeus insertion

lateral surface of olecranon process of ulna

Anconeus action

weak extension of forearm

Supinator origin

lateral epicondyle of humerus; proximal ulna

Supinator insertion

posterior, lateral, and anterior surface of proximal radius

Supinator action

supination of forearm

Abductor pollicis longus origin

posterior surface of radius and ulna; interosseous membrane

Abductor pollicis longus insertion

metacarpal of thumb

Abductor pollicis longus action

abducts and extends thumb

Extensor pollicis longus origin

posterior surface of ulna; interosseous membrane

Extensor pollicis longus insertion

distal phalanx of thumb (1st digit)

Extensor pollicis longus action

extension of thumb

Gluteus maximus origin

iliac crest; lateral surface of ilium; posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx

Gluteus maximus insertion

iliotibial tract; gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus maximus action

extension and lateral rotation of thigh; powerful extensor for climbing and running

Gluteus medius origin

lateral surface of ilium

Gluteus medius insertion

greater trochanter of femur; lateral surface

Gluteus medius action

abduction and medial rotation of thigh; steadies the pelvis during walking

Gluteus minimus origin

lateral surface of ilium; inferior to origin of gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus insertion

greater trochanter of femur; anterior surface

Gluteus minimus action

abduction and medial rotation of thigh; steadies the pelvis during walking

Piriformis origin

anterolateral surface of sacrum

Piriformis insertion

greater trochanter of femur; superior surface

Piriformis action

abduction and lateral rotation of thigh

Iliacus origin

iliac fossa; anterior surface of sacrum

Iliacus insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

Iliacus action

flexion of the thigh; flexion of trunk

Psoas major origin

bodies and transverse processes of vertebrae T12-L5

Psoas major insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas major action

flexion of the thigh; flexion of trunk

Tensor fasciae latae origin

anterior portion of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine

Tensor fasciae latae insertion

iliotibial tract

Tensor fasciae latae action

flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh; stabilizes hip and knee joint

Sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine

Sartorius insertion

medial surface of tibia, near the knee joint

Sartorius action

flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation of thigh; flexion of leg

Rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine; superior margin of the acetabulum

Rectus femoris insertion

patella via the quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Rectus femoris action

extension of leg; flexion of thigh

Vastus medialis origin

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

Vastus medialis insertion

patella via the quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

Vastus medialis action

extension of leg

Vastus intermedius origin

anterolateral surface of femur

Vastus intermedius insertion

patella via quadriceps tendon and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

Vastus intermedius action

extension of leg

Vastus lateralis origin

greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur