anatomy test 1

name the two types of cell division and what they are used for

mitosis: somatic cells
meiosis: sex cells

name three types of muscle tissue

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

Match the definition with the correct term. (11/12)

intramembranous ossification

the means by which flat bones, typically of the skull, are created by mesenchymal condensation and later development of ossification center is called?

synostosis

a suture joint that has ossified, replaced the fibrous material in the articulation with bone matrix, and has been effectively sealed has undergone?

endochondrial ossification

long bones, particularly those of the limbs, are created from a cartilaginous model that is then mineralized and converted to bone in a process called?

calcification

bone tissue is created from organic fibers that are combined with several different minerals to create the matrix that houses the bone cells. the process by which the minerals are added to the bone tissue is called?

amphiathrosis

the joints between the vertebral bodies allow a slight amount of movement and thus are called?

synovial joints

structural classification of the joints in the limbs such as the elbow and knee

Gomphosis

name the type of joint that is formed between the tooth and its socket

synathrosis

articulations between two bones that will not permit movement between them?

golgi complex

modifies, sorts, and packages cell products for later use either within the cell or body

mitochondria

produce energy-rich ATP molecules for all energy requiring reactions of the body

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

synthesize all the proteins that are made by an organism

nucleus

contains the hereditary information (DNA) of organism

name the two body cavities and their subdivisions (7/7)

cavity 1:
subdivision 1:
subdivision 2:

dorsal
cranial
vertebral

cavity 2:
subdivision 1:
subdivision 2:
subdivision 3:

ventral
thoracic
abdominal
pelvic

use the picture to identify the following structures (6/6)

I-band

5 (brackets bottom left)

A-band

8 (brackets in the middle with all the yellow)

M-line

4 (straight line in the middle)

H-zone

7 (brackets in the middle of 8)

Z-line

1 (jagged line going down on both sides)

identify the (thick filament) myosin

3 (yellow thing in the middle)

which of the following contains a sinus?

sphenoid bone
frontal bone
ethmoid

match the definition/description with the correct term (9/9)

thoracic vertebra

articulate with the ribs at superior and inferior demifacets on the body of the vertebrae

cervical vertebra

these have transverse foramina to allow the passage of the vertebral arteries up the spine

lumbar vertebra

region that contains vertebra with massive bodies to hold the weight of an adult while standing erect

sacral

region that contains five vertebra that are fused in the adult forming part of the posterior wall of the pelvis

melanocytes

produce the pigment melanin to protect the skin from damaging rays of the sun

keratinocytes

these cells provide physical protection to the body through their cellular products

sudoriferous glands

these secrete water, salts, and certain waste products in order to regulate body temperature

merkel cells

associated with sensory nerve endings related to the sensation of tough, however, exact function is unclear

ceruminous glands

produce ear wax preventing entrance of foreign objects into the external auditory cannal

which of the following junctions prevent material from passing between cells and form a permeability seal between the cells ?

tight junctions

the skin pigment that does the most to affect the color of our skin and protect from UV light is ? produced by ?

melanin, melanocytes

the sella turcica:

contains the pituitary gland

which of the following is NOT a feature of the zygomatic bone?

body

all of the following are functions of the skin except:

mineral storage

Spongy bone never contains \_____ as these are indicative of compact bone

osteons

which of the following is NOT one of the features of the temporal bone?

coronoid process

the epidermis portion of the skin consists mostly of?

stratified squamous epithelial tissue

a movement that increases the angle between articulating bones is?

extension

a movement that increases the angle between the body and limb of from the midline is ?

abduction

the structural classification of the joints in the limbs such as the elbow and knee:

synovial joints

the word antebrachial refers to the

radial and ulnar part of the upper limb

which of the following is NOT a feature of the occipital bone?

condylar process

the subcutaneous layer of tissue consists mostly of

areolar and adipose tissue

the word sural refers to the?

posterior leg or calf

the tibia is the ? bone of the leg and the fibula is ? bone of the leg (anatomical position)

medial
lateral

LONG BONE
label the picture with the correct identifiers (5/5)

diaphysis

I (long bracket in the middle)

proximal epiphysis

K (top bracket on the Left)

periosteum

F (white thin layer, part of a double layer)

epiphyseal plate

B (the thin line between the spotted area)

hyaline cartilage is used to form articular cartilage providing reduced friction and absorbing shock without damage to the bone

is identified by the letter

A (white layer on the top of the long bone)

INSIDE OF LONG BONE
identify the following structures from the picture (5/6)

volkmann's canal

H

osteon or haversian system

B

osteocyte

D

canaliculi

E

haversion canal

B

weaving fibers of the tendon into the bone occurs

G

BACK OF LEGS
use the picture to identify the following structures. if label has no corresponding number, place an N in the blank for not applicable (5/6)

identify the sacrum

2

identify the intercondylar fossa

14

identify the greater trochanter

6

identify the intertrochanteric crest

12

identify the lateral malleolus

16

identify the patella

17

FEET
use the picture to identify the following structures. if label has no corresponding number, place an N in the blank for not applicable (6/6)

identify the 3rd lateral cuneiform

5

identify the talus

2

identify the calcaneus

1

identify the cuboid

4

identify the navicular

3

identify the 3rd metatarsal

10

PELVIC BONE
use the picture to identify the following structures. if label has no corresponding number, place an N in the blank for not applicable (6/6)

anterior inferior iliac spine

4

acetabulum

6

illiac crest

2

obturator foramen

15

posterior inferior iliac spine

8

sacroiliac joint surface

7

WHOLE BODY
identify the following regions (7/8)

pectoral

8

brachial

10

gluteal

29

sacral

30

popliteal

27

crural

21

cubital

33

orbital

2

RIB CAGE
use the trunk picture to answer the following questions(6.5/7)

identify the xiphoid process

14

identify the sternal angle of lewis

12

identify the suprasternal notch

10