Chapter 11: Making it Happen

What is the solution focused approach?

building on what they can do to get to the desired end results

What is the planning process model?

a way to monitor if therapy is working

What are the steps to the planning process model?

-Confirm long term goals
-Probe clients
-State problems explicitly and brainstorm strategies
-Prioritize importance
-Write and evaluate goals
-Commit to the process

What are some questions you want to ask during the probing step of the planning process model?

-Are we meeting goals you want to address?
-Is there anything else you want to address?

When identifying the challenge, what do you want to assess?

whether clients still have the same goal

Once you have assess if they still have the same goals what should you gather?

more information to decide if the same plan is appropriate

When gathering more information to decide if the same plan is appropriate what do you want to probe the client for?

acceptability of plan

When identifying the challenges, what do you have to remember?

other roadblocks the clients might possess

When identifying the challenge, what do you look for?

inconsistencies in clients

When identifying the challenge, and you see inconsistencies, how should you state it to the client?

state problems explicitly

when identifying the challenge what do you prioritize?

the importance of problems

Brainstorming possibilities
after identifying the challenge, what should you determine

determine range of approaches to solving a problem

Brainstorming possibilities
How should you keep the range of possibilities?

completely open

Brainstorming possibilities
You should keep the range completely open. What should you allow clients to also do?

give ideas

Brainstorming possibilities
when keeping the range completely open and allow clients to also give ideas? Should you judge their possibilities?

no, suspend judgment on possibilities

Brainstorming possibilities
What is a good way to get clients to continue thinking on their own?

silence

Brainstorming possibilities
What does thinking on their own promote?

ownership

Brainstorming possibilities
What option should always remain open?

quit option

When creating goals, what should you all clients to indicate?

how appropriate the ideas are

When creating goals, what should you involve if appropriate?

circle of power

Once you have a list of possibilities, What should you do to the appropriate ones?
What should you do to the unacceptable ones?

-circle appropriate possibilities
-cross out unacceptable ones

When should you tweak goals that clients find acceptable?

if you think there is a better way

Develop goals based on \_________ \__________

clients' choice

Goals should meet all six aspects of \___________

MUSTDO

When making a decision, determine \_____________ of goals?

acceptability

What should you have clients *explicitly* decide?

to begin the process

making a decision
Find \__________ and work to \_________ \_________

-obstacles
-facilitate progress

What are enhancing forces that help when making a decision?

enhancing forces

What are enhancing forces?

Prior experiences that tend to make new belief seem reasonable

What are examples of enhancing forces?

-Support of family
-Feels like it meaningful (purpose, growth, ownership)
-Any sort of reinforcement they get

What are deterring forces that make making a decision harder?

Past experiences that reinforce old belief

What are examples of deterring forces?

-Not seeing growth
-Ego impedance
-Not listening to them
-The environment sometimes

You should work to dispel unhelpful beliefs and turn a \______ \______ into an \______ \______

-deterring force
-enhancing force

Commitment keeps clients \__________

invested

When does commitment keep clients invested?

-they have a stake in outcome
-they don't want to disappoint

When is someone likely to commit to the process?

-when the have purpose growth and ownership
-SLP is invested

Committing to the process could be a \_______ \_______ or \_____ \______

-formal process
-good will

What should you do if a client is resistant?

reevaluate goals

Deciding to act
What should you not try to change?

things clients believe are certain

Deciding to act
What should you do if change is necessary?

-state clearly why change is necessary
-lay out steps to make change
-guide and monitor client
-confirm that change has happened

Once clients have decided to act or you are communicating to them at change is necessary, what should you utilize?

advanced communication skills
-5 intentions of comm
-2 phases of listening

It is important to identify your own \___________ \___________

communication intention

What are the two phases of listening?

-understand
-assess

Understanding is a \_________ communication skill

basic

What are understanding skills?

-Attending behaviors
-echoing
-parroting
-summarizing
-restating

Assessing is an \____________ communication skill

advanced

What are assessing skills?

-finding the message in a message
-intuition
-challenging clients

What is nonviolent communication or compassionate communication?

-our words become conscious responses
-based firmly on awareness of what we are perceiving, feeling, and wanting

Nonviolent/compassionate communication
attention must be focused on your \_________

objectives

Nonviolent/compassionate communication
What are the four components to expressing honestly?

-State the observations and actions that affect our well-being

-State the feelings experienced in response to what we observe

-Express the needs, values, desires that create our feelings

-Communicate the actions we request to enhance our well-being

Why can expressing honestly be hard?

you are vulnerable and the other person can say no

What are the four components to receive empathically?

-State the observations and actions that affect our well-being

-State the feelings experienced in response to what we observe

-Express the needs, values, desires that create our feelings

-Communicate the actions we request to enhance our well-being

When considering the request made, what do SLPs often have to do?

we need to unpack it because it is not always clear

What are blocks to compassionate communication?

-moralistic judgement
-making comparisons
-denial of responsibility
-communicating desire of demands

What is moralistic judgement?

implies wrongness or badness on those who don't act within our value system

What does moralistic judgement result in?

blame or shame talk

What are examples of moralistic judgement?

-blame
-insults
-put-downs
-labels
-criticism
-comparison
-diagnoses

Where do value judgments?

come from our beliefs about how life can be lived

What are moralistic judgments made of?

people who do not support our values

Instead of saying a moralistic judgment such as violence is bad or people who kill are evil. what can you say?

-I am fearful of the use of violence to resolve conflicts
-I value the resolution of human conflicts through other means.

Making comparisons
what goes comparative thinking les to?

misery

What is comparative suffering?

ranking your suffering against others

When you believe that your pain is worse then someone else's what are you doing?

denying other's pain

When you believe other's pain is worse than your own pain, what are you doing?

denying the existence of your own pain

Denial of responsibility
What does using phrases or intention, "I did it because I had to" imply?

implies coercion by an outside force

What does language like "you make me feel guilty" deny?

personal responsibility for our own thoughts and feelings

What should you replace language that implies lack of choice with?

language that acknowledges choice

Communicating desires as demands
Cyclical behavior is \_________

imminent (about to happen)

When you communicate desires as demands Cyclical behavior is imminent, what will they make you wish?

you hadn't punished them

What should you communicate desires as?

needs

When clients have a hard time explicitly stating something, what might they do?

embed what they want to say in other language

When clients have a hard time explicitly stating something, they might embed what they want to say in other language.
What must you find?

the theme and the truth

Clients will say things like "I have to" or "I need to" to avoid saying what?

I will

What is commitment??

an affirmative will to act

What is trusting your intuition?

starting to really be aware of what you feel

What do you watch to find clues to what a client isnt saying?

body language and behaviors

What is a hunch?

taking a stab at another way of stating something a client has said

A hunch might not work, so what must a clinician do?

be more direct

what is Finding leverage?

Know what is important to clients so that it could be used to help clients work through problems

What does leverage give a clinician?

a positional advantage

What does challenging clients do?

pushes them to rethink part of their world

How often should you challenge clients?

rarely use it, but when you do make sure you feel really comfortable

Challenge is not meant to be \_________ it is meant to be \___________

-defeating
-empowering

What are the three types of things that you challenge?

-beliefs
-norms
-wants

What is a belief?

something clients think

What will challenging a belief cause?

cause client to feel disoriented

What is a norm?

behaviors exhibited by clients consistently

What will challenging wants cause?

cause feelings of loss of power

What are wants?

clients' desires

What will challenging a norm cause?

cause embarrassment

When challenging clients it is important to consider their \_______

limits

What is automatic cognitive processing?

things we do without thinking about it

What are some forms of automatic cognitive processing?

-Implicit Bias
-Confirmation Bias
-Affinity Bias
-Ingroup Favoritism

What is implicit bias?

attitudes, thoughts, and things you think without even knowing

what is confirmation bias?

seeking information that confirms your thoughts

What is affinity bias?

we group ourselves with people like us

What is ingroup favoritism?

favor the aspects of the group your in

What are schemas?

like an implicit bias, a representation of something

What can attitudes and perceptions so?

create bias

What are ways to countermeasure and learn new things?

-mindset
-debias
-decoupling
-transformative learning