Chapter 5: The Integumentary System Practice Quiz

The integument system is made up of what two parts?

Cutaneous membrane (skin) and Accessory structures

What are the 2 parts of the cutaneous membrane?

1 outer epidermis

2 inner dermis

Connective tissue is associated with the inner dermis or the outer epidermis?

inner dermis

The superficial epithelium (epithelial tissues) is associated with which part of Cutaneous membrane?

outer epidermis

Accessory structures originate in what?

The dermis

What are the 3 accessory structures that extend through th epidermis to the skin surface?

hair

nails

multicellular exocrine glands

What are the 2 other systems that connect to the integumentary system?

1 circulatory system

2 nervous system

Blood vessels inthe dermis are connected to what system?

Circulatory system

Sensory receptors fo pain, touch, and temperatue are connected to what system?

nervous system

The hypodermis can also be called?

subcutaneous layer

What layer is below the dermis?

hypodermis layer

What layer of the integumentray system is associated with loose connective tissue?

the hypodermis layer

What functions to protects underlying tissues and organs

The Cutaneous membrane (skin)

Excretes salts, water, and organic wastes (glands) is a function of what membrane?

the cutaneous membrane (skin)

Maintains body temperature (insulation and evaporation) describes what membrane?

the cutaneous membrane (skin)

What synthesizes vitamin D3

The cutaneous membrane (skin)

What membrane stores lipids?

The cutaneous membrane (skin)

Detects touch, pressure, pain, and temperature is function of what membrane?

The cutaneous membrane (skin)

Where are avascular stratified squamous epithelium locate?

The epidermis

what place does nutrients and oxygen diffuse from capiliaries in the dermis?

The epidermis

Keratinocytes are associated with what part of inegumentary system?

The epidermis

What cell contains large amount of keratin?

Keratinocytes

What is the most abudant cells in the epidermis?

Keratinocytes

What type of skin covers most of the body?

thin skin

Has 4 layers of keratinocytes describes what type of skin?

thin skin

Which skin covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?

Thick skin

Has 5 layers of keratinocytes describes what type of skin?

Think skin

Srtatum means?

layer

what is the first layer, from bottom to the top, of the epidermis?

Stratum Germinativum

Which stratum is associated with attachment?

stratum germinativum

Where are many germinative (stem) cells or basal cells located?

stratum germinativum

What strata is attached to basal lamina by hemidesmosomes?

stratum germinativum

Which strata forms a strong bond between epidermis and dermis?

stratum germinativum

Which strata is the place where new keratinocytes are formed?

stratum germinativum

Epidermal ridges (e.g. fingerprints) are a structure of stratum?

stratum germinativum

Name the structure of stratum germinativum increases the area of basal lamina and strenghen attachment between epidermis and dermis?

Dermal papillae

What are the 2 cells of the stratum germinativum?

1 merkel cells

2 melanocytes

Which cells are found in hairless skin and respond to touch (trigger nervous system)

Merkel cells

what cell contains the pigment melanin and is scattered throughout the stratum germinativum?

melanocytes

Which stratum is refferd to as the "spiny layer"?

stratum spinosum

what is the second layer, from the bottom, of epidermis?

stratum spinosum

Produced by division of stratum germinosum describes what stratum?

stratum spinosum

8-10 layers of keratinocytes bound by desmosomes is part of what stratum?

stratum spinosum

Where do cells shrink until cytoskeletons stick out (spiny)

stratum spinosum

Which stratum do cell continue to divide, increasing thickness of epithelium?

stratum spinosum

which stratum contains langerhans cells, active in immune response?

stratum spinosum

What is the third layer, from the bottom, of epidermis?

stratum granulosum

Which stratum is known as the "grainy layer"

stratum granulosum

Which layer of epidermis stpe dividing,and starts producing?

stratum granulosum

What 2 things does the stratum granulosum produce?

Keratin and keratohyalin

A tough, fibrous protein, that makes up hair and nails is called?

keratin

Dense granules that cross-link keratin fivers

Keratohyalin

Which layer of epidermis has cells that produce protein fibers?

stratum granulosum

Which layer of epidermis do cells dehydrate and die?

stratum granulosum

What is the fourth layer of epidermis, bottom to the top, in regards to "thick skin"?

stratum lucidum

What stratum is only in thick skin?

stratum lucidum

which stratum is known as the "clear layer"?

stratum lucidum

What stratum has cells that are flat, dense, and filled with keratin?

stratum lucidum

Which stratum is consider the top layer of the epidermis?

stratum coneum

Which stratum is known as the "horny layer"?

stratum corneum

Which layer of the epidermis is exposed surface of the skin?

stratum corneum

Which stratum has 15 to 30 layers of keratinized cells?

stratum corneum

Which stratum is water resistant?

stratum corneum

The formation of a layer of dead, protective cells filled with keratin is called?

keratinization

Keratinization occurs on all exposed skin sufaces except one place, where?

The eyes

What do you call it when it takes 15-30 days for a cell to move from stratum germinosum to stratum corneum?

skin life cycle

How many days does it take for a skin cell to move from the stratum germinosum to stratum corneum?

15-30 days

What are the 2 types of perspiration?

insensible perspiration and sensible perspiration

interstitial fluid lost by evaporation through th stratum corneum is what kind of perspiration?

insensible perspiration

Water excreted by sweat glands is what type of perspiration?

sensible perspiration

Damage to the stratum corneum like burns and blisters (insensible perspiration) results from what?

dehydration

Why does swimming in seawater make you dehydraded?

because it a hypertonic solution (osmosis)

The results from immersion in hypotonic solution like freshwater would cause?

hydration

Skin color depends on what 3 things?

the pigments carotene and melanin, plus blood circulation (red cells)

What is orange-yellow pigment and can be found in orange vegetables?

carotene

what pigment cant be produced in the body?

carotene

What pigment accumulates in epidermal cells and fatty tissues of the dermis?

carotene

What pigment can be converted to vitamin A?

carotene

What is yellow-brown or black pigment?

melanin

What is produced by melanocytes in stratum germinativum?

melanin

What is stored in transport vesicles and transferred to keratinocyytes?

melanin

Melanin protects skin from what?

sun damage

What causes DNA mutations and burns which lead to cancer and wrinkles?

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Skin color depends on melanin prduction or the number of melanocytes you have?

skin color depends on melanin production

When blood vessels dilate from heat, it cause the skin to do what?

skin reddens

When blood flow decreases, skin does what?

skin pales

When epidermal cells produce cholecalciferol (vitamin D) in presence of what?

UV radiation

What convert vitamin D into calcitriol?

liver and kidneys

What aids absorption of calcium and phosphorus?

calcitriol

What can cause rickets (Forest Gump)?

insufficient vitamin D

What promotes division of germinative cells and accelerates keratin production?

Epidermal Growth Factor

What stimulates epidermal repair and glandular secretion?

Epidermal growth factor

What is a multilayered, flexible, self-repairing barrier?

epidermis

What major part of integumentary system prevents fluid loss?

the epidermis

which major part of integumentary system protects you against UV radiation and produces vitamin D?

The epidermis

What major part of the integumentary system resists abrasion, chemicals, and pathogens?

The epidermis

What is located between the epidermis and sucutaneous (hypodermis)?

The dermis

What anchors epidermal accessory structures (hair follicles, sweat glands)?

The dermis

What are the 2 layers of the dermis?

the outer papillary layer and the deep reticular layer

Which layer of the dermis is narrow?

The outer papillary layer