When do cells work best?
Cells work best when they have the correct temperature, water levels, and glucose concentration.
Define homeostasis.
The maintenance of a stable environment in the body.
Define organism.
A living thing.
Define a unicellular organism.
An organism made up of a single cell.
Bacteria, protists, yeasts are examples.
Dominate life on earth.
Define a multicellular organism.
An organism made up of multiple cells; specialized cells depend on each other for the organism to survive.
Cells differ in?
They differ in size, shape, and function.
What do the differences in cells depend on?
They depend on the task of the cell.
What are the benefits of being multicellular?
Larger size, longer life, and specialization.
Why is having a larger size considered a benefit of being multicellular?
By having a larger size, an organism is prey for fewer predators and has a wider variety of prey.
Why is having a longer life considered a benefit of being multicellular?
By being multicellular, an organism is not limited to the lifespan of a single cell.
Why is specialization a benefit of being multicellular?
Specialization enables each type of cell to have a particular job, making the organism more efficient. Also, cell communication is essential to survival.
Define cell specialization.
Cells throughout an organism can work in different ways to perform different tasks.
Define tissue.
A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.
What types of tissues do animals have?
Connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue.
What types of tissues do plants have?
Vascular tissue, dermal tissue, and ground tissue.
Define organ.
2 or more tissues working together to perform a specific function.
What are examples of organs for animals?
Heart, stomach, intestines, brain, and lungs.
What are examples of organs for plants?
Leaves, stems, and roots.
Define organ system.
A group of organs working together to perform a particular function.
What are examples of organ systems in animals?
Digestive system, respiratory system, and cardiovascular system.
What are examples of organ systems in plants?
Leaf systems, root systems, and stem systems.
What are the levels of organization of a multicellular organism?
1st level: The cell. 2nd level: Tissue. 3rd level: Organ. 4th level: Organ system. 5th level: Organism.
Define cellular communication.
Vital for organ systems to work.
Done by cells passing each other chemical signals (hormones).
Cell receptors create these hormones; some cells even form connections (cellular junctions) to neighboring cells.
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