Chapter 1

eponyms

words formed from a person’s name

preoperative

before or preceding and operation

peri-

around

perioperative

pertaining to the period around an operation or the period before, during, or after an operation

arthroscope

an instrument used to visually examine the joint

Gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

gastr/o

stomach

enter/o

small intestine

traumatic

pertaining to injury

atraumatic

without injury

ab-

away from

anuria

without urine

ad-

toward

emetic

pertaining to vomit

antiemetics

work against or prevent vomiting

dys-

difficult, painful, or bad

dysphagia

difficulty eating or swallowing

eu-

good

euthyroid

having a normally functioning thyroid gland

endo-

within or inside

endocrine

to secrete internally

ex- or exo-

without, out of, outside or away from

exocrine

to secrete externally (via a duct)

endoparasite

an organism that lives within the body of the host

ecto-

outside

ectoparasite

an organism that lives on the outer surface of the host

inter-

between

intercostal

between the ribs

intra-

within

intramuscular

within the muscle

poly-

many or excessive

polyuria

excessive amount or frequency of urination

oligo-

scant or little

oliguria

scant amount or frequency of urination

sublingual

under the tongue

super- or supra-

above, beyond, or excessive

supernumerary

more than the regular number

suprascapular

above the shoulder blade

pan-

prefix meaning all

leuk/o

a combining form meaning white

\-penia

suffix meaning meaning deficiency or reduction in number

panleukopenia

deficiency of all types of white blood cells

\-tomy

cutting into or incision

gastronomy

incision into the stomach

epi-

upper

extra-

outside

infra-

below or beneath

meta-

beyond

per-

throughout

trans-

across

ultra-

above or increased, or more than normal

\-stomy

surgically created

gastrostomy

a surgically created opening between the stomach and the body surface

\-ectomy

to surgically remove

gastrectomy

surgical removal of the stomach

renal

pertaining to the kidney

alimentary

pertaining to the gastrointestinal track

laryngeal

pertaining to the larynx

enteric

pertaining to the small intestine

nephrotic

pertaining to the kidneys

\-pexy

suture to stabalize

gastropexy

surgically stabilizing the stomach to the abdominal wall

\-plasty

a surgical repair

rhinoplasty

surgical repair of the nose

colostomy

surgically created space between the colon and body surface

laparotomy

incision into the abdomen

\-centesis

surgical puncture to remove gas or fluid

cystocentesis

a surgical puncture of the urinary bladder with a needle to remove fluid (urine)

\-gram

record of

electrocardiogram

electrocardiographic hard copy record

\-graph

instrument that records (or used as a record)

electrocardiograph

the machine that records the electrical activity of the heart

\-graphy

procedure that records

electrocardiography

the procedure used to record the electrical activity of the heart

lysis

separation or breakdown

urinalysis

separation of the urine into its constituents

\-scope

instrument used to visually examine

endoscope

an instrument used to visually examine the inside of the body

\-scopy

procedure to visually examine

endoscopy

procedure of visually examining inside the body

\-therapy

treatment

chemotherapy

treatment with chemical substances or drugs

\-rrhagia or -rrhage

bursting forth

hemorrhage

bursting forth of blood from vessels

\-rrhaphy

to suture

enterorrhaphy

suturing of the small intestine

\-rrhea

discharge

diarrhea

complete discharge of the bowels

\-rrhexis

rupture

myorrhexis

rupture of the muscle

\-algia and -dynia

pain

arthralgia and arthrodynia

joint pain

\-ia

state or condition

infarction

condition of blood flow obstruction

\-ive

performs or tends toward

congestive

tends toward the accumulation of fluid

\-malacia

abnormal softening

osteomalacia

abnormal softening of bone

\-megaly

enlargement

cardiomegaly

enlargement of the heart