Politics and Governance in SEA - MIDTERMS

Chinese

Largest Ethnic minority in Malaysia

Peninsular malaysia
West Malaysia

Two noncintiguous regions

Kuala Lumpur

Capital of Malaysia

Muslim/Islam

Official religion of Malaysia

Buddhism

Second largest religion in Malaysia

Christianity

Third largest religion in Malaysia

Hinduism

Fourth largest religion in Malaysia

Confucianism

Fifth largest religion in Malaysia

Taoism

Sixth largest religion in Malaysia

True

True/False:

During the late 18th and 19th centuries, Great Britain established colonies and protectorates in the area of current Malaysia; these were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. In 1948, the British-ruled territories on the Malay Peninsula except Singapore formed the Federation of Malaya, which became independent in 1957.

Singapore

British-ruled territories ruled the Malay Peninsula except this country

Sabah and Sarawak

Located on the northern coast of Borneo; Malaysia was formed when they joined the federation

Mahathir Bin Mohamad

Had a 22-year term as Prime Minister of Malaysia and was successful in diversifying its economy from dependence on exports of raw materials to the development of manufacturing services and tourism

Putrajaya, Malaysia

This is where the federal executive of Malaysia is based

Federal Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy

Type of government of Malaysia

Melaka and Pulau Pinang

All peninsular Malaysian states have hereditary rulers (Sultans) except this two states

East Malaysia

Aside from Melaka and Pulau Pinang, Sarawak and Sabah in _________ ________ also have governors appointed by the government

Limited by the federal constitution

Powers of state governments are ________

Constitutional Prerogatives

Despite limitation, Sabah and Sarawak maintain ________

Yang di-Pertuan Agong

This means the Supreme King of Malaysia; is the head of state

Prime Minister

Is the head of government of Malaysia

5-year term

How many years is the term of a king elected by the hereditary rulers of 9 states?

Sultan Abdullah

Sixth Sultan of Pahang and 16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia

Export of raw materials (rubber and tin, palm oil, petroleum, natural gas, commercial hardwoods)

Malaysia's economy has been transformed since 1970 from one based primarily on the ________________________

New Economic Policy and then the New Development Policy

Since the early 1970s, the government has championed a social and econmic restructuring strategy, first known as _______ and then later ______

Chinese and South Asian minorities

The Malaysian economy has long been dominated by __________

To endow the Malays and other indigenous groups with greater economic opportunities and to develop their management and entrepreneurial skills. Also to encourage the private sector to assume a greater role in the restructuring process.

Goal of NEP and NDP

3rd

What is the rank of Malaysia in the ASEAN GDP Per Capita last 2021?

6th

What is the rank of Malaysia in the SEA Economic Growth Forecast?

0.810; Very High

What is the score and category of Malaysia in Human Development Index?

* South China Sea
* Not being a party to the March 2005 Joint Accord
* Delivery of Fresh water to SG
* Maritime boundaries in Johor and SG
* Maritime regimes of South Ledge
* Land and maritime negotiations with Indonesia
* Separatist Violence in Thailand's predominantly Muslim southern provinces
* PH's claim to Sabah
* Hydrocarbon Concession blocks to Brunei
* Piracy
* Sex trafficking, forced labor for women and children
* Stateless population consists of Rohingya refugees from Burma, ethnic Indians, and the Children of Filipino and Indonesian illegal migrants

Transnational Issues of Malaysia

USA

Bilateral ties with this country was established in 1957; one of the largest trading partners of Malaysia and is considered to be Malaysia's oldest and closest ally in the military, economic, and education sectors. Also Malaysia's third largest export market

25th largest export destination

Malaysia is the US' ___________ destination

66% of Malaysians were concerned that territorial disputes between China could lead to military conflict

2014 survey conducted by the PEW Research center found this on the South China Sea dispute

Favorable (70% favored)

Stand of Malaysians on China's investment and presence

Japan

Who occupied Malaysia from 1942 - 1945?

True

True/False

Malaysia is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural which plays a large role in politics. This is why it is under a federal system.

Sunni

Which Islamic sect is being constitutionally promoted in Malaysia?

3 years for a maximum of two terms

How many years is one term in the Malaysian Senate or Dewan Negara?

Philippines, Vietnam

Malaysia is more transparent than _____ and ____

China

Malaysia's biggest trading partner

No

Yes/No

Malaysia has the highest HDI in Southeast Asia, setting Singapore aside

False

Thailand explicitly accused Malaysia of supporting subversion and rebellion among Muslim Thailanders

False

True/False

Despite being neighboring states, Singapore is not considered as a prime trading partner of Malaysia due to its relatively small population and market

Myanmar

The largest country in mainland Southeast Asia that shares borders with Thailand, Laos, China, India, and Bangladesh and has a coastline on the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal

Tropical with moonsonal rains making flooding and landslides common during the rainy season (June - September)

What is the climate like in Myanmar?

Yangon (Rangoon)

This city of Myanmar has over 4.5 million people and is the capital and largest city of the country.

Burmans, Shans, Karens, Rakhines, Mons, Chins, Kachins

What are the ethnic groups in Myanmar?

Buddhism, Christianity, Islam

What are the three main religions in Myanmar

Burmese

What is the language of Myanmar?

Union of Burma

What was the old name of Myanmar before it became Union of Myanmar?

Rangoon

What was the English name of Yangoon

Pyinmana

What was the administrative center of Myanmar before Nay Pyi Taw?

Nay Pyi Taw

What is the current administrative center of Myanmar and its capital that was declared in 2006?

General New Win

Following a military coup in 1962, he embarked on the Burmese Way to Socialism which lasted for 26 years

Senior General Than Shwe

The State Law and Order Restoration was established and led by this person

National League for Democracy

This party won more than 85% of the votes during the election held in 1990; it was also the party that Aung San Suu Kyi was a member of

Aung San Suu Kyi

the symbol of democracy for Myanmar

Pariah State

In international relations, what type of state was Myanmar considered to be because of their not so good relationship with other states due to how they regarded international law?

2010

Aside from the election in 1990, when was the other election once again held in Myanmar and signified, as stated by the junta, as an important step in the transition from military rule to a civilian democracy?

de jure unitary assembly-independent republic

the type of government of Myanmar

February 1, 2021

On this date, Myanmar’s military took over the government in a coup. It lasted until February 24, 2021

Outstanding example of the power of the powerless

What was Aung San Suu Kyi labeled as?

Strict State control and decreasing export prices

This was the reason for Myanmar’s economy to become disarrayed after being one of the most prosperous in Southeast Asia during Ne Win’s control

mineral resources; oil and gas

what are the natural resources that Myanmar is rich in?

Political Instability
High Inflation
Currency Depreciation
Supply Chain Disruptions
Labor Shortages

These are the economic problems that Myanmar faces

7th (Size of Economy Based on GDP)

What’s the rank of Myanmar in terms of size of economy based on GDP?

8th (APII)

What’s the rank of Myanmar in terms of Physical Infrastructure Index?

6th (Gender Gap)

What’s the rank of Myanmar in terms of closing the gender gap?

8th (HDI)

What’s the rank of Myanmar in terms of Human Development Index?

8th (CPI)

What’s the rank of Myanmar in terms of Corruption Perception Index?

8th (Democracy Index)

What’s the rank of Myanmar in terms of Democracy Index?

Thailand

Which country does Myanmar share a lot of similar transnational issues with because of their close proximity to each other?

• Significant differences with Thailand over boundary alignment and handling of ethnic rebels, refugees, and illegal cross-border activities

• Concern over China’s construction of 13 hydroelectric dams on the Salween River in Yunnan Province

• India seeks cooperation from Burma to keep out Indian Nagaland Insurgents

• Top of the world in terms of illegal drugs trade and human trafficking

Transnational Issues of Myanmar

Narco-state

Based on the prominence of Arms Trafficking, Heroin Trade, Synthetic Drug Trade, and Human Trafficking, it is considered a __________

True

True or False

Myanmar’s relationship with China is warmer than China’s relationship with Vietnam

1998 Military Coup and Violent Suppression of Pro-Democracy Demonstrations

The foreign relationship of Myanmar - USA worsened after this event

June 29, 2012

The white house planned ambassador nomination (myanmar) during this date in an attempt to mend its relationships with Myanmar

Direk Mitchell

This person was the US Ambassador to Myanmar

Vietnam

This is a country located in SEA bordering China, Laos, Cambodia, and the Gulf of Thailand. It is a long and narrow country with a coastline of over 3,000 kilometers and is divided into three geographical regions (north, central, south)

North Vietnam

This is the mountainous region of Vietnam, with the highest peak being Fansipan. It is home to the Red River Delta

Red River Delta

one of the most fertile agricultural regions in Vietnam

Central Vietnam

This region of Vietnam is characterized by its long coastline and its many beaches. It is home to the ancient city of Hue, which was once the capital of Vietnam

South Vietnam

This is the most populous region of Vietnam and is home to the country’s largest city, Ho Chi Minh. It is also home to the Mekong Delta, a vast network of rivers and canals

Ho Chi Minh

Largest city and capital of vietnam

98 Milliion; 15th most populous country in the world

Vietnam has a population of ____ _____ making it the ____ most populous country in the world

Ethnic Vietnamese

What is the majority of the population of Vietnam?

Chinese, Khmer, and Cham People

What are the other significant minorities in VIetnam?

Buddhism

What is the religion of majority of the population in Vietnam?

Christianity, Hinduism, Islam

Aside from Buddhism, what are the other religions practiced in Vietnam?

True

(True or False)

Vietnam is a religiously diverse country

78.8%

What is the percentage of the people who practice Buddhism in Vietnam?

Periods of occupation by outside forces and eventual power consolidation under Vietnamese dynastic families

Vietnam’s early history comprises of these

Red River Valley

Ancient Vietnam was centered on ____ and was ruled by a succession of Han Chinese Emperors until approximately 10th century

Ly Dynasty

This dynasty ruled from the 11th to the 13th century; they ruled the first independent Vietnamese state which was known as Dai Viet and established their capital at Thang Long (Hanoi)

Thang Long (Hanoi)

Where did the Ly Dynasty establish their capital?

Dai Viet

What was the first independent Vietnamese state?

Tran Dynasty

This dynasty ruled from the 13th to the 15th century; Dai Viet forces, led by one of Vietnam’s national heroes, Tran Hang Dao, fought off Mongol Invaders in 1279

Tran Hang Dao

Who had fought off Mongol invaders in 1279?

Lei Thai To

Who was the leader of Vietnamese resistance after a Chinese occupation in the early 1400s and made himself emperor and established the Le Dynasty