Vet

tom

intact male cat

neutered

castrated male animal

queen

intact female cat

spayed

sterilize (a female animal) by removing the ovaries.

kitten

young cat

queening

giving birth to kittens

litter

a group of offspring born at the same time

dog/ stud

intact male dog

bitch

intact female dog

whelp or puppy

young dog

whelping

Giving birth to puppies

pack

a group of dogs

stallion

intact male horse more than 4 years old

colt

an intact male horse less than 4 years old

mare

intact female horse more than 4 years old

filly

intact female horse less than 4 years old

gelding

castrated male horse

foal

young horse

foaling

giving birth to horses

boar

intact male pig

sow

intact female pig

Barrow

a male pig who is castrated when young

gilt

Young female pig that has not given birth

pig or shoat

a young pig

farrowing

giving birth to pigs

herd

a group of pigs, cow, and goats

bull

an intact male bull

cow

female bovine

steer

a male bovine castrated when young

heifer

young female bovine that has not given birth

calf

a young cow

calving or freshening

giving birth to cattle

ram

intact male goat

ewe

female sheep

Wether

castrated male sheep or goat

lamb

young sheep

flock

group of sheep

freshening or lambing

giving birth to lambs

doe

intact female goat

buck

intact male goat

kid

young goat

freshening or kidding

giving birth to goats

axial skeletal system

skull, vertebral column, rib cage, and sternum

appendicular skeletal system

hind limb and forearms

vertebral column

skull, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

Muscular system types

skeletal, red muscle fiber (slow twitch), white muscle fiber(fast twitch)

red muscle fiber

slow twitch

white muscle fiber

fast twitch

Muscle types

cardiac and smooth

pheromones

are chemicals secreted by an animal which influence the behavior of others in the species

types of pheromones

aggression, alarm, epideictic, territorial, trail, sex

hormones

steroidal or amino acid-based molecules released to the blood that act as chemical messengers to regulate specific body functions

epinephrine

adrenaline

Norepinephrine

fight or flight response

Testorone

Male sex hormone

Estrogen

Female sex hormone

Progesterone

is produced in the ovaries and helps the body prepare for conception and pregnancy

affecting animal behavior

environment, communication, courtship rituals

habituation

occurs when an animal becomes accustomed to a particular situation due to frequent repetition

conditioning

occurs when animals learn to respond to a stimulus in a certain way due to reinforcement from a reward or punishment

observation

takes place when one animal watches the actions of another and learns from those actions

playing

prepares young animals for survival in adulthood

reasoning

involves an animal responding correctly to a stimulus the first time presented

imprinting

is rapid learning which occurs during a brief receptive period, often right after birth or hatching and it's irreversible

behavioral categories

painful, aggressive, timid, happy and comfortable animal

physical restraints

slip lead, towel, muzzle, net, control pole

chemical restraints

sedatives or tranquilizers

Identification for Small Animals

micro chipping or tattooing

identification for Large Animals

tattooing, ear notching, ear tags, branding

temperature for dogs and cats

99°F-102°F (37°C- 39°C)

temperature for horses

98°F - 100°F ( 37°C - 38°C)

temperature for cattle

100°F - 102°F (38°F - 39°F)

Respiration

the act of breathing

inspiration

breathing in

expiration

breathing out

breathing rates for dogs

10 -20 breaths per minute

breathing rates for cats/cattle

10-30 breaths per minute

breathing for horses

8-12 breaths per minute

rate

number of inspirations per minute

depth

intensity or indication of strain

rhythm

change in duration of inspiration and expiration

FDA

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

CVM

Center for Veterinary Medicine

DEA

Drug Enforcement Administration

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

centrifuge

Is used for the separation of fluids by spinning a vessel holding material at a high speed

Autoclave

Decontaminate and sterilize surgical instruments

raidiology

x-ray

ultrasonography

creates images of body structures from a pattern of echoes reflected from the structures being imaged

Endoscopy

Is an exam of the esophagus, stomach, upper intestine, colon, cecum, large bowel, and rectum

electrocardiography

records electrical activity of the heart

Fecalyzers

are used to detect parasite eggs in a fecal sample process

scissors

dissecting, surgical, utility, suture

intramuscular

injection directly into the muscle

Sub-Q

injection used to implant a drug into the tissue layer between the skin and the muscle

Jugular

any of the three large veins in the neck

lateral saphenous

two large veins near the thigh on the hind leg

syringe barrel

part of the syringe which holds the medicine

intravenous

injection of a substance directly into a vein

syringe plunger

placed tightly inside the barrel of the syringe; allows the applicator to push the medication through the syringe