Self State and Rome- Midterm

Roman History 😤😤

Italy

Marked by at the top of the Alps

Italy (2)

Apennies mountains: Created two regions; East and West

Italy (3)

Two Seas=West; Tyrrhenian Sea, East= Adriatic Sea

Neolithic Revolution

10,000 First farmers from Syrian Region- 5,000 years farming spread out

Neolithic Revolution (2)

Around 6,000 BC farming comes to Itlay

Neolithic Revolution (3)

End of hunter gather societies

Anatolian Neolithic Farmers

First farmers

Anatolian Neolithic Farmers (2)

Help the spread of Neolithic Revolution

Anatolian Neolithic Farmers (3)

Come form Iranian descent

Indo- Europeans

Linguist group (Origin of European Language)

Indo- Europeans (2)

Came form Black sea; One big group separated into little group

Indo- Europeans (3)

First elements of Religion : Chariot of the Sun; sky god, liber; god of freedom

Italic Speaking People

Latins- south of the tiber; linked with fortunes of Rome

Italic Speaking People(2)

Sabines= Isolated inscriptions in central Italy

Italic Speaking People(3)

Oscan= Harvest of epigraphs (words written into hard surfaces)

Aeneas

Key player in Dido; Dido fell in love with him; Aeneas has to leave Africa, so distraught she sets herself on fire and almost burns down Carthage, almost killing Aeneas but luckily he escapes the flames.

Aeneas (2)

“Founder of Rome” - found the area of Rome not the city

Aeneas (3)

Romulus and Remus are descended from Aeneas

Numitor and Amulius

Brothers; Amulius (being younger) overthrew Numitor

Numitor and Amulius (2)

Amulius kills his son and takes over Alba Longa

Numitor and Amulius (3)

Amulius forces Numitor daughter Rhea Siliva to become a vestal Virgin

Rhea Silva

Daughter of Numitor

Rhea Silva (2)

Forced to become a vestal virgin

Rhea Silva (3)

Has a twin boys with the God Mars names Romulus and Remus

Pheonicians

Created the foundation of modern English

Pheonicians (2)

Created an easier alphabet

Pheonicians (3)

Known as the region of book making

Greek Colonies

800 BC Made up southern Italy

Greek Colonies (2)

Areas where it was populated with Greek Settlers

Greek Colonies (3)

MAGNA GRAECIA= Greater Greece; name romans gave Greeks

Romulus and Remus

753 BC- Twin brothers who founded Rome

Romulus and Remus (2)

As babies sent down the tiber river and got caught on a fig tree, nurtured by a wolf (famous statue)

Romulus and Remus (3)

Romulus killed Remus; Romulus on the Palatine Hill and Remus on the Aventine hill

Sabine Women

Romans invited Sabine for a festival and forcibly captured their women for reproduction

Sabine Women (2)

Led to War

Sabine Women (3)

Women put a stop to the war; overall saving War; this leads to women exempt from all labor except spinning and weaving

Tarpeia

Vestal Virgin

Tarpeia (2)

Betrayed the city of Rome

Tarpeia (3)

Wanted gold bracelets from the Sabine Soldiers instead soldiers threw their shields at her crushing her to death. Her death site became a religious site

Numa

715-BC- Choosen by the sabines for equal leader ship

Numa (2)

Second king of Rome; known to be the King of Relgion

Numa (3)

Started Vestal Virgin, Temple of Janus and Salii

Vestal Virgins

Six women who were choosen

Vestal Virgins (2)

Served for 30 for the goddess vesta

Vestal Virgins (3)

Duties included making sure the flame of Rome didn’t die out

The Horatii

Two groups of triplets

The Horatii (2)

Each set represented a side in the war: Roman=Horatti Albans=Curatti

The Horatii (3)

Horatii won, though only one brother survived- shows sacrifice for Rome

Servius Tullius

578-538 BC- Son of a slave

Servius Tullius (2)

Most famous for building the servian walls

Servius Tullius (3)

Was murdered by his own daughter; his body dismembered by a chariot

Tarquinius Superbus

534-509 BC- Married Survius Tullius Daughter

Tarquinius Superbus (2)

Beginning of the End for Kings

Tarquinius Superbus (3)

Known as Tarquin the Proud

Brutus and Lucretia

Lucretia a legendary heroine in Roman history- was raped by Sextus Tarquinius

Brutus and Lucretia (2)

Told her family, and as a symbol of loyalty for her husband kills herself

Brutus and Lucretia (3)

Brutus outrage; makes a promise of revenge against a corrupt monarchy

Scaevola

Soldier taken by Lars Porsona (Killed Lars scribe and not him)

Scaevola (2)

Scaevola told Lars that he is “a Roman citizen” warning that there will be more of people like him willing to die for Rome

Scaevola (3)

Shows dedication to Rome by famously sticking his hand in fire

Struggle of the Orders

Political struggle between Patrician (rich) and Plebs (poor)

Struggle of the Orders (2)

495 BC- First strike on the army

Struggle of the Orders (3)

Caused a series of laws to be passed to help oppression

Tribune

Patricians/commanders in Roman Army

Tribune (2)

An honor to be a tribune

Tribune (3)

Tribune of Plebs- pleb assembly that help propose legislation

Slave Revolt (Appius Herodias)

460 BC

Slave Revolt (Appius Herodias) (2)

Appius Herodias leader of slaves- promised the plebs the right to vote for publication laws for the Republic

Slave Revolt (Appius Herodias) (3)

Dies in Battle of capitoline

Cincinnatus

Seen as the “ideal Roman” a dictator yet a farmer at his core:Seen with Plough and faces two symbols of both side he represents

Cincinnatus (2)

Strong opponent of the plebs

Cincinnatus (3)

In 439 BC asked to become a dictator (again) to defeat Spurius Maelius

Spurius Maelius

Richer pleb

Spurius Maelius (2)

Gave/bought grain and gave it out FREE to the Roman masses during a famine

Spurius Maelius (3)

Declared an enemy of the state of Rome and assassinated in 349 BC

The 1st Sack of Rome

390 BC

The 1st Sack of Rome (2)

Brennus (leader of Gauls) met on the banks of Allia and the battle insured

The 1st Sack of Rome (3)

The Gauls won and this caused the rebuilding of the Servian walls to make them stronger

Samnite Wars

Total of three wars

Samnite Wars (2)

Whem Rome becomes and empire

Samnite Wars (3)

Rome= suffered major defeats during the first two wars; the third decided its fate; they won in the end

Decius Mus

Prominent player in the Latin Wars (341 BC)

Decius Mus (2)

Led the Romans at Vesuvius

Decius Mus (3)

He self sacrificed (devoted himself to the war) and died

Pyrrhic Victory

Pyrrhus King of Eprius

Pyrrhic Victory (2)

Suffered Major casualties in Battle of Heraclea and Asculum

Pyrrhic Victory (3)

Rome won and now controlled South Italy

Graecia Capta

How Greek culture seeped into Rome

Graecia Capta (2)

Specifically the art and how it inspired Roman authors, artist and architects

Graecia Capta (3)

Greece conquered her conqueror

Punic Wars

Known as the Phoenican wars

Punic Wars (2)

264-241 BC- Battle for Sicily

Punic Wars (3)

Let to the destruction of Carthage (Carthaginian Empire)

Hellenism and Scipios

Hellenism= Greek Culture

Hellenism and Scipios (2)

Importance of Beauty/Art/Philosophy/Leisure

Hellenism and Scipios (3)

The scipios (the rich) took in the idea of Hellenism

Fabian Strategy

Wear out opponent by delay and evasion rather than confrontation (avoid large battles and do smaller ones)

Fabian Strategy (2)

Created by General Fabius

Fabian Strategy (3)

Saved Rome from Hannibal

Hannibal

Extemely successful in the beginning of War