Bio 228 lab exam 1

coronary circulation

circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue

What percentage of blood is plasma?

55%

What percentage of blood is formed elements?

45%

What is plasma?

non-living fluid matrix
>90% water

What are formed elements?

RBC, WBC, platelets
living cells

Erythrocytes (RBC)

Modified for transport of oxygen
sacs of hemoglobin

Life span of RBC

100-120 days

Leukocytes (WBC)

non-specific defenses and immunity
nucleated

life span of WBC

minutes to decades

granular Leukocytes

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Neutrophils

50-70% WBC population
fight bacterial infections

Neutrophil Cell

Eosinophils

2-4% of WBCs
bi-lobed or figure 8 shaped nucleus
fights parasitic infections and neutralize effects of histamines

eosinophil cell

Basophils

0.5-1% of WBC
bi-lobed U- or S-shaped nucleus
darkly staining cytoplasmic granules

Basophil cells

agranular leukocytes

lymphocytes and monocytes

Lymphocyte

25-40% WBC
Smallest WBC
Spherical or slightly indented nucleus that takes up most of cell mass
responsible for the adaptive immune response to infections (B and T-cells)

Lymphocyte Cell

Monocyte

3-8% WBC
largest leukocyte
kidney shaped nucleus
light blue cytoplasm
sharp increase during chronic infections

monocyte cell

abundant acronym

Never
Let
Monkeys
Eat
Bananas

Thrombocytes

platelets

Anemia

decreased number of RBC's

Polycythemia

increased in the number of RBC's

Hematocrit

The percent of the volume of whole blood that is composed of red blood cells as determined by separation of red blood cells from the plasma usually by centrifugation.

Hemoglobin

protein responsible for oxygen transport in RBC's
contains heme

Antigen A has what type antibodies?

anti-B antibodies

Antigen B has what type antibodies?

anti-A antibodies

Antigen AB has what type antibodies?

no antibodies

Antigen O has what type antibodies?

both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

a blood type with a + has what

Rh antigens

universal receiver

Blood type AB

universal donor

Type O

cardiac muscle

skeletal muscle

Superior Vena Cava

right pulmonary artery

right pulmonary veins

right atrium

right coronary artery

right ventricle

inferior vena cava

ascending aorta

aortic arch

left pulmonary artery

pulmonary trunk

left pulmonary veins

left coronary artery

circumflex artery

anterior interventricular artery

left ventricle

left atrium

blood flow through the heart

pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

systemic circulation

flow of blood from body tissue to the heat and then from the heart back to body tissues

cardiac intrinsic conduction system

ECG

p wave

action potential originates in SA node
action potential travels across walls of atrium to AV node
atrial depolarization and contraction

PR segment

delay at AV node

QRS complex

ventricular depolarization and contraction
Q action potential travels down atrioventricular bundle
R action potential to the R/L bundle branches
S action potential to purkinjie fibers
atrial repolarization masked

St segment

interval between ventricular depolarization and repolarization

T wave

ventricular repolarization

artery histology

vein histology

right item

arteries

carry blood away from the heart

veins

carry blood to the heart

capillaries

site of gas exchange

venules

small veins

axillary artery

brachial artery

brachiocephalic trunk

celiac trunk

common carotid arteries

common hepatic artery

common iliac arteries

descending aorta

dorsalis pedis artery

external carotid artery

external iliac artery

femoral artery

internal iliac artery

popliteal artery

radial artery

renal artery

splenic artery

subclavian artery

superior mesenteric artery

thoracic aorta

ulnar artery

axillary vein

brachial vein

brachiocephalic vein

common iliac vein

external iliac vein

internal jugular vein

femoral vein

internal iliac vein

radial vein

renal vein