Chapter 1-6 Review

Abdominocentesis

The surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid.

Acronym

A word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term.

Acute

Has a rapid onset, a course & a relatively short duration.

Angiography

Radiographic study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium.

Appendectomy

Surgical Removal of the Appendix.

Arteriosclerosis

Abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries.

Arthralgia

Pain in 1 or more joints.

Colostomy

The surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface.

Cyanosis

Blueish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood.

Dermatologist

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin.

Diagnosis

The identification of a disease.

Diarrhea

The abnormally frequent flow of loose or watery stools.

Edema

Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues or cavities of the body.

Endarterial

Pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery.

Eponym

A disease, structure, operation or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first.

Erythrocyte

A mature red blood cell.

Fissure

A groove or crack-like sore on the skin.

Fistula

An abnormal passage, usually between 2 internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body.

Gastralgia

Pain in the stomach.

Gastritis

Inflammation of the stomach lining.

Gastroenteritis

Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the stomach and intestines.

Gastrosis

Any disease of the stomach.

Hemorrhage

The loss of a large amount of blood in a short amount of time.

Hepatomegaly

Abnormal enlargement of the liver.

Hypertension

The elevation of arterial B/P to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system.

Hypotension

Lower than normal arterial B/P.

Infection

Invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism.

Inflammation

A localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues.

Interstitial

Between, but not within, the parts of a tissue.

Intramuscular

Within the muscle.

Laceration

A torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut.

Lesion

A pathologic change of tissues due to disease or injury.

Malaise

A feeling of general discomfort often the first indication of an infection or disease.

Mycosis

Any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus.

Myelopathy

Any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord.

Myopathy

Any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue.

Myorrhexis

The rupture or tearing of a muscle.

Natal

Pertaining to birth.

Neonatology

The study of disorders of the newborn.

Neurorrhaphy

Suturing together the ends of a severed nerve.

Otorhinolaryngology

The study of the ears, nose, & throat.

Palpation

An examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency and location of certain body parts.

Palpitation

A pounding or racing heart with or without irregularity in rhythm.

Pathology

The study of all aspects of diseases.

Phalanges

Bones in fingers & toes.

Poliomyelitis

Highly contagious viral infection of the brainstem and spinal cord that sometimes leads to paralysis.

Prognosis

Prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disorder.

Pyoderma

Any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo.

Pyrosis

The burning sensation caused by the return of acidic stomach contents into the esophagus.

Remission

Temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure.

Sign

Objective evidence of disease.

Supination

Rotating the arm so the palm of the hand is facing forward or upward.

Suppuration

Formation or discharge of pus.

Supracostal

Above/Outside of ribs.

Symptom

Subjective evidence of a disease.

Syndrome

Set of signs & Symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process.

Tonsillitis

Inflammation of the tonsils.

Trauma

Wound or Injury.

Triage

The medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment.

Viral

Pertaining to a virus.

-algia

Pain, Painful condition.

Dys-

Bad, Difficult, or Painful.

-ectomy

Surgical removal, Cutting out.

Hyper-

Excessive, Increased.

Hypo-

Deficient, Decreased.

-itis

Inflammation.

-osis

Abnormal condition, Disease.

-ostomy

The surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface.

-otomy

Cutting, Surgical incision.

-plasty

Surgical repair.

-rrhage

Bleeding, Abnormal excessive fluid discharge.

-rrhaphy

Surgical Suturing.

-rrhea

Flow or discharge.

-rrhexis

Rupture.

-sclerosis

Abnormal Hardening.

aden/o

Gland

adip/o

Fat

anter/o

Before, front

caud/o

Lower part of body, tail

cephal/o

Head

cyt/o

Cell

-cyte

Cell

end-

In, within, inside

endo-

In, within, inside

exo-

Out of, outside, away from

hist/o

Tissue

-ologist

Specialist

-ology

The science or study of

path/o

Disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

-pathy

Disease, suffering, feeling, emotion

plas/i

Development, growth, formation

plas/o

Development, growth, formation

-plasia

Development, growth, formation

poster/o

Combining form: Behind, toward the back

-stasis

Control, maintenance of a constant level

-static

Control, maintenance of a constant level

Abdominal Cavity

Where major organs of digestion reside.

Adenectomy

Surgical removal of a gland.

Adenocarcinoma

Carcinoma derived from glandular tissue.

Adenoma

Benign tumor that arises from, or resembles, glandular tissue.