FFL Grammar Questions - H

All Grammar Questions for FFL

Give the five vowel letters and their long sounds in Latin.

a /ah/

e /ay/

i /ee/

o /oh/

u /oo/ (as in food)

Give two Latin words that have the long sound of the five vowels.

Gloria, Jesus

Always in Latin and usually in English c, g, and sc are soft before

e, i, ae and oe.

Always in Latin and usually in English c, g and sc are hard before

a, o, u, consonants.

In Latin and English hard c has the sound of

/k/.

Soft c has the sound of /s/ in English and

/ch/ in Latin.

In Latin, gn is pronounced like

/ny/. pugno, magnus

Give the names, from left to right, of the last three syllables of a Latin word.

antepenult, penult, ultima

The accent is on the penult unless

the antepenult is marked.

Verb families are called

conjugations.

How many conjugations are there? Name them.

Four: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

Give the six attributes of a Latin verb.

Conjugation, person, number, tense, voice and mood.

Give the three grammar persons.

First person, second person, third person.

The first person is the person

speaking.

The second person is the person

spoken to.

The third person is the person

spoken about.

Give the two grammar numbers.

Singular, plural.

How many Latin tenses are there? Name them.

six - present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect, future perfect

The stem vowel of the 1st conjugation is

a.

Give the names for the three forms of the English present tense.

simple present, progressive present, emphatic present

In English "I praise" is the \________________ present.

simple

In English "I am praising" is the \_____________ present.

progressive

In English "I do praise" is the \_____________ present.

emphatic

In Latin "imperfect" means:

not finished.

The imperfect tense sign is:

ba.

The imperfect tense is used to describe an

ongoing, repeated, habitual or interrupted action.

What English helping verbs translate the imperfect tense?

were, was

The two basic parts of a sentence are

the subject and predicate.

The subject is

who or what the sentence is about.

The predicate tells

what the subject is or does.

What is Sentence Pattern 1?

subject + verb

What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense?

will

The three tenses that make up the Present System are:

present, imperfect, future.

The Present System is built on the

present system.

What are the principal parts of a verb? How many are there?

The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually 4 principal parts of a verb.

What is the name of the 2nd principal part?

infinitive

The infinitive ending for all 1st conjugation verbs is

-are.

How do you find the present stem?

Drop -re from the infinitive.

The English infinitive is written with the particle \____ before the verb.

to

The "to be" verb shows

existence, not action.

Give the English forms of the "to be" verb.

am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been

Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs.

-o, -are, -avi, -atus

What is Sentence Pattern 2?

Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes the action of the verb is a

complement.

What is the first complement in this text?

The complementary infinitive

In Latin, grammar perfect means:

finished.

The perfect tense describes what kind of action?

A one-time action completed in the past.

The perfect tense is built on the \____________ stem.

perfect

How do you find the perfect stem?

Drop -i from the 3rd principal part.

Give three translations for vocavi.

I called, I have called, I did call.

What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense?

have, has, did

The pluperfect tense is built on the \___________ stem.

perfect

The pluperfect tense describes what kind of action?

A past action completed prior to another past action.

What English helping verb translates the pluperfect tense?

had

The pluperfect tense endings are identical to:

the imperfect tense of "sum."

The future perfect tense is built on the \________ stem.

perfect

The future perfect tense describes:

an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future.

What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense?

will have

The future perfect tense endings are identical to:

the future tense of "sum," except for 3rd person plural.

The tenses of the Perfect System are:

perfect, pluperfect, future perfect.

The tenses of the Perfect System are built on the \________ stem.

perfect

Verb families are called \_____________.

conjugations

Noun families are called \____________.

declensions

How many declensions are there? Name them.

five: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th.

Give the four attributes of nouns:

declension, gender, number and case.

The three genders are:

masculine, feminine, neuter.

Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have \____________ gender. Give three examples

natural - sister, brother, father, queen, king, uncle, etc.

Nouns that name non-living things have \_____________ gender.

grammatical

To what does the "case" of a noun refer?

To the job of a noun in a sentence.

Name the cases in order.

Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, albative

What is the "subject" case?

nominative

What is the "possessive" case?

genitive

What is the "indirect object: case?

dative

What is the "direct object" case?

accusative

What is the "in/by/with/from" case?

ablative

What is the "of" case?

genitive

What is the "to/for" case?

dative

The genitive singular of a 1st declension noun always ends in:

-ae.

1st declension nouns are usually what gender?

feminine

Three important exceptions to the 1st declension feminine rule are:

poeta, nauta, agricola.

Latin does not have the English articles:

a, an, the.

Give three translations for the Latin noun "mensa."

table, a table, the table

The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in:

-i.

Second declension -us nouns are usually \__________ in gender.

masculine

Name the two sub-groups of the 2nd declension, and give their genders:

-us nouns with masculine gender;
-um nouns with neuter gender.

Verbs have \________________ endings and nouns have \____________ endings.

tense, personal (verbs)
case (nouns)

Second declension -um nouns are always \__________ in gender.

neuter

The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the \___________ \____________ case.

genitive singular

The natural gender rule \_________ all other gender rules.

trumps

What is the neuter rule?

nominative and accusative endings are the same
nominative and accusative plural ending is -a

The subject and the verb must agree in:

person and number.

What is an adjective?

An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.

In Latin, an adjective must agree with its noun in:

gender, number and case, but not declension.

Usually an adjective of \____________ precedes a noun and an adjective of \_____________ follows a noun.

quantity (number)
quality (description)

Counting numbers are called \____________.

cardinal

Numbers which indicate the order of things in a series are called \______________.

ordinal

What is Sentence Pattern 3?

subject + linking verb + predicate adjective

What is Sentence Pattern 4?

subject + linking verb + predicate nominative

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in:

-is.

How can you know the gender of a 3rd declension noun?

You have to memorize it.