Ch.4

Acne

the occurrence of inflamed or infected sebaceous glands in the skin

albinism

a congenital absence of pigment in the skin and hair (which are white) and the eyes (which are usually pink)

alopecia

the partial or complete absence of hair from areas of the body where it normally grows; baldness

anesthetic

a substance that induces insensitivity to pain

antibiotic

a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms

antifungal

used to prevent fungal growth; active against fungi

antipruritic

(chiefly of a drug) used to relieve itching

antiviral

(chiefly of a drug or treatment) effective against viruses

arrector pili

A microscopic band of muscle tissue which connects a hair follicle to the dermis

autograft

a graft of tissue from one point to another of the same individual's body

basal cell carcinoma

a type of skin cancer, most commonly occurring on the face, that often invades surrounding tissue but seldom metastasizes

basal layer

The basal layer is the innermost layer of the epidermis, and contains small round cells called basal cells

biologic

relating to biology; biological

biopsy

an examination of tissue removed from a living body to discover the presence, cause, or extent of a disease

blepharoplasty

1. surgical repair or reconstruction of an eyelid

burns

an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by heat **or** due to radiation

cauterization

burn the skin or flesh of (a wound) with a heated instrument or caustic substance, typically to stop bleeding or prevent the wound from becoming infected

chemical peel

 chemical peel removes the outer layer of skin

cicatrix

the scar of a healed wound

collagen

the main structural protein found in skin and other connective tissues, widely used in purified form for cosmetic surgical treatments

corticosteroid

reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system

cryosurgery

surgery using the local application of intense cold to destroy unwanted tissue

curettage

the use of a curette, especially on the lining of the uterus

cuticle

a protective and waxy or hard layer covering the epidermis of a plant, invertebrate, or shell

cyanosis

a bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood

cyst

in an animal or plant, a thin-walled, hollow organ or cavity containing a liquid secretion; a sac, vesicle, or bladder

debridement

the removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound

dermabrasion

the removal of superficial layers of skin with a rapidly revolving abrasive tool, as a technique in cosmetic surgery

dermatologist

a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders

dermatology technician

 a clinical professional who works alongside a physician who specializes in dermatology

dermatoplasty

 any surgical operation on the skin, esp skin grafting

dermis

the thick layer of living tissue below the epidermis which forms the true skin, containing blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and other structures

ecchymosis

a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

eczema

a medical condition in which patches of skin become rough and inflamed, with blisters that cause itching and bleeding

epidermis

the surface epithelium of the skin, overlying the dermis

epithelial tissue

a type of body tissue that forms the covering on all internal and external surfaces of your body, lines body cavities and hollow organs and is the major tissue in glands

excisional biopsy

the process of completely removing a solitary skin lesion

exfoliative cytology

 scraping the surface of a possible skin cancer with a knife and then spreading a small layer of the scrape onto a glass slide so that the cells in the scrape can be stained and looked at under a microscope

first-degree burn

 only affects the epidermis, or outer layer of skin

fissure

a small tear in the thin, moist tissue that lines the anus

gangrene

localized death and decomposition of body tissue, resulting from either obstructed circulation or bacterial infection

gland

an organ which produces and releases substances that perform a specific function in the body

hair follicles

a small secretory cavity, sac, or gland

hair shaft

the visible part of the hair that sticks out of the skin

immunosuppressant

a drug that suppresses the immune response of an individual

impetigo

a contagious bacterial skin infection forming pustules and yellow crusty sores

incision and drainage (I&D)

a widely used procedure in various care settings

incisional biopsy

when a small cut (incision) is made into an area of abnormal tissue and a small piece of it is removed from the body

integumentary system

 organ that consists **of a few main structures: skin, nails, hair and glands, along with the nerves** and blood

intradermal skin test

another method of skin testing to help determine whether an individual is allergic to a specific allergen

Kaposi’s sarcoma

 a type of cancer that forms in the lining of blood vessels and lymph vessels

keloid

an area of irregular fibrous tissue formed at the site of a scar or injury

keratin

a fibrous protein forming the main structural constituent of hair, feathers, hoofs, claws, horns, etc

laser therapy

a medical treatment that uses a strong beam of light to cut, burn, or destroy tissue

lesions, cancerous

lesions which may form and develop in the bone but have the capacity to spread to other areas of the body and continue to grow

lipectomy

the surgical removal of fatty tissue, especially from the abdomen in obese people

lipids

 **fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body**

lipocytes

 energy input is equal to energy output, there is no expansion of fat

liposuction

a technique in cosmetic surgery for removing excess fat from under the skin by suction

the white area at the base of a fingernai

the white area at the base of a fingernail

macule

a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin

malignant melanoma

the most serious type of skin cancer

melanin

a dark brown to black pigment occurring in the hair, skin, and iris of the eye in people and animals

melanocytes

 a highly differentiated cell that produces a pigment melanin inside melanosomes

Mohs surgery

 procedure used to treat skin cancer

mucous membrane

an epithelial tissue which secretes mucus, and lines many body cavities and tubular organs including the gut and respiratory passages

nail plate

The part that we call the nail

nail root

the portion of the nail found under the surface of the skin at the near (or proximal) end of the nail

nails

needle biopsy

 a procedure to obtain a sample of cells from your body for laboratory testing

nevus

a birthmark or a mole on the skin, especially a birthmark in the form of a raised red patch

nodule

a small swelling or aggregation of cells in the body, especially an abnormal one

oral drugs

in oral medication don't enter the bloodstream until they reach the stomach or bowel

papule

a small, raised, solid pimple or swelling, often forming part of a rash on the skin and typically inflamed but not producing pus

perspiration

the process of sweating

petechia

a small red or purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin

polyp

a small growth, usually benign and with a stalk, protruding from a mucous membrane

psoriasis

a skin disease marked by red, itchy, scaly patches

punch biopsy

a medical procedure that acquires tissue for laboratory examination, usually through tissue culture or microscopy, by taking a punch-size piece of skin from the body

purpura

a rash of purple spots on the skin caused by internal bleeding from small blood vessels

pustule

a small blister or pimple on the skin containing pus

rhytidectomy

a surgical procedure aiming to reposition facial soft tissues

scabies

a contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite

scleroderma

a chronic hardening and contraction of the skin and connective tissue, either locally or throughout the body

sclerotherapy

the treatment of varicose blood vessels by the injection of an irritant which causes inflammation, coagulation of blood, and narrowing of the blood vessel wall

scratch test

a test for an allergic reaction in which a possible allergen is applied to a scratched area of skin

sebaceous glands

a small gland in the skin which secretes a lubricating oily matter (sebum) into the hair follicles to lubricate the skin and hair

sebum

 an organ in your skin that make and secrete sebum

second-degree burn

This type of burn affects both the epidermis and the second layer of skin

squamous cell carcinoma

cancer that occurs in the outermost part of the epidermis (skin surface) or the surface of certain portions of the body (areas of the head and neck or genitalia) known as squamous cells

stratified squamous epithelium

 a stratified epithelium in which the topmost layer is made up of squamous (flattened and scale-like) epithelial cells

subcutaneous layer

the layer of tissue that underlies the skin

sweat glands

a small gland that secretes sweat, situated in the dermis of the skin. Such glands are found over most of the body, and have a simple coiled tubular structure

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

 SLE is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks its own tissues

third-degree burn

 requires immediate medical attention. A burn is damage to your skin or underlying tissue

tinea

technical term for ringworm

topical drugs

a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body

transdermal drugs

medications used in managing and treating various conditions

ulcer

an open sore on an external or internal surface of the body, caused by a break in the skin or mucous membrane that fails to heal

urticaria

a rash of round, red welts on the skin that itch intensely, sometimes with dangerous swelling, caused by an allergic reaction, typically to specific foods