Database Management, Data Security, and Cloud Computing Concepts

Professional code of ethics

Is a set of principles and rules that guide the behavior, decisions, and conduct of individuals within a specific profession to ensure integrity, responsibility, and fairness.

safety-critical software system

Is a computer program whose failure could result in serious harm — such as injury, loss of life, or major damage to equipment or the environment.

Schema

The formal design of tables, fields, data types, and relationships in a database.

Database Management System (DBMS)

Is software that allows users to create, store, organize, retrieve, and manage data efficiently in databases.

Data governance

Is the framework of policies, processes, and responsibilities that ensure an organization's data is accurate, consistent, secure, and used properly.

Benefit of public cloud computing for a business

Avoids large, up front costs in hardware

Inadequate data security

means failing to properly protect data from unauthorized access, loss, or misuse.

Velocity

The rate of new data generation

Value

The worth of the data in decision making

Variety

Data that may be structured or unstructured

Veracity

The quality of the data

What determines the size of words in a word cloud

Frequency of occurrence of the word in source documents

A major challenge presented by the volume of big data

difficulty of storing, processing, and managing massive amounts of information efficiently.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Standardized programming language used to manage and manipulate data in relational databases.

After entering data into a relational database, what can users not do?

Organizing

SQL databases conform to 4 specific properties

Atomicity

Consistency

Isolation

Durability

Concurrency control

Is the process of managing simultaneous access to a database by multiple users or transactions to ensure data accuracy and consistency.

Data redundancy

Is the unnecessary duplication of data within a database or system.

Database as a Service (DBaaS)

Reduces hardware, software, and staffing related in-house costs

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

data privacy law to protect individuals' personal data and privacy.

Right to Financial Privacy Act (RFPA)

protects the privacy of individuals' financial records held by banks and other financial institutions.

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Protect the privacy and security of individuals' medical information and ensure health data is handled safely.

Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)

privacy of student education records and gives parents (or eligible students) the right to do certain things

Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (FACTA)

Strengthens consumer protections against identity theft and credit fraud.

Communications Decency Act (CDA) of 1996

Regulate indecent and obscene content on the internet.

The Better Business Bureau recommends addressing everything but what?

Selling

public cloud

Services and infrastructure are owned and operated by a third-party provider and shared among multiple users (tenants) over the internet.

IoT (Internet of Things)

Refers to a network of connected physical devices—such as sensors, appliances, vehicles, and machines—that collect and exchange data over the internet.

Data lake

Large, centralized storage system that holds vast amounts of raw data in its original format—structured, semi-structured, or unstructured.

Hadoop

Open-source framework used to store and process large amounts of data across clusters of computers.

Graph NoSQL databases

Well-suited for analyzing interconnections

Attribute

Characteristics of an entity

Entity

person, place, or thing (object) for which data is stored, collected, and maintained

Domain

Range of allowable values for a data attribute

Primary key

Unique identifier for each record in a database table.

Projecting

Selecting specific columns (attributes) from a table rather than retrieving all the data.