Micro ch4

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

The cell wall of fungi and algae are chemically identical to the bacterial cell wall.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

The nuclear envelope is a single layer.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.

⊚ true

⊚ false

TRUE

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

⊚ true

⊚ false

TRUE

Algae are classified into divisions based principally on their type of motility.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

⊚ true

⊚ false

TRUE

All fungi have hyphae.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

In humans, fungi can only infect the skin.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

⊚ true

⊚ false

TRUE

The Last Common Ancestor gave rise to the cells in the three domains that we recognize today; bacteria archaea and eukaryotes.

⊚ true

⊚ false

TRUE

Scientists believe that the modern eukaryotic cell evolved 3.5 billion years ago when a photosynthetic bacteria and an aerobic bacteria fused together.

⊚ true

⊚ false

FALSE

All algae have chloroplasts.

⊚ true

⊚ false

TRUE

Select all of the groups on this list that contain eukaryotic microorganisms.

A) Bacteria B) Algae C) Protozoa D) Archaea E) Helminths F) Fungi G) Viruses

[B, C, E, F] Eukaryotic microorganisms include microorganisms classified in the following groups: Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, and Helminths.

Select all of the characteristics of eukaryotic flagella that distinguish them from bacterial flagella.

A) Rotate either clockwise or counterclockwise

B) Whip back and forth

C) Consist of a 9 + 2 microtubule arrangement

D) Consist of a hook, filament, and basal body

E) 200 nm in diameter

B, C, E

Select the organisms that typically have cell walls.

A) Animals

B) Fungi

C) Protozoa

D) Algae

E) Plants

[B, D, E] Fungi, plants, and algae typically have cell walls. Fungal cell walls are composed of chitin. Algal cell walls are quite varied, composed of cellulose, pectin, mannans, or minerals. Plant cell walls are composed of cellulose. Protozoa and animals do not have cell walls.

Select characteristics exhibited by BOTH bacterial and eukaryotic cytoplasmic membranes.

A) Phospholipid bilayer

B) Embedded proteins

C) Sterols

D) Selectively permeable barrier

E) Transport systems

[A, B, D, E] Eukaryotic and bacterial cytoplasmic membranes are quite similar. They both are phospholipid bilayers with embedded proteins that form selectively permeable barriers. They have transport systems which enable the import of nutrients and export of wastes. The one major difference between eukaryotic and bacterial cytoplasmic membranes is the presence of sterols in eukaryotic membranes.

Select those activities of fungi considered detrimental from a human perspective.

A) Produce toxins such as aflatoxin

B) Form associations with plant roots to enhance uptake of water and nutrients

C) Cause decomposition of fresh produce

D) Cause disease in plants and animals

E) Contribute to allergies

F) Add flavor to foods such as blue cheese and soy sauce

[A, C, D, E] Detrimental activities of fungi include the decomposition (spoilage) of grains and fresh produce, the production of a variety of toxins, causing diseases of plants and animals, and contributing to respiratory allergies.

Select those activities of fungi considered beneficial from a human perspective.

A) Produce toxins such as aflatoxin

B) Form associations with plant roots to enhance uptake of water and nutrients

C) Produce antibiotics

D) Enable fermentation to produce alcohol

E) Contribute to allergies

F) Contribute to the carbon cycle by decomposing organic matter

[B, C, D, F] Beneficial activities of fungi include the decomposition of organic matter enabling the recycling of carbon, fermentation that produces alcohol and other organic chemicals, associations with roots of plants to enhance water and mineral absorption, and production of antibiotics.

Select characteristics exhibited by most protozoans.

A) Unicellular

B) Cell walls containing cellulose

C) Motile by means of flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia

D) Heterotrophic

E) 3 μm—300 μm size range

F) Contain a nucleus and variety of organelles

[A, C, D, E, F] Protozoa are a very diverse group of unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms. The diversity of the protozoa complicate the classification and taxonomy of this group. They are informally grouped together because most share the following characteristics: motility, unicellularity, presence of a nucleus and a variety of other organelles (eukaryotic), heterotrophic nutrition, and a size range from 3 to 300 μm.

Protists include ______.

A) yeasts and molds

B) algae and protozoa

C) helminths

D) All of the choices are correct.

E) None of the choices are correct.

B

The first primitive eukaryotic cells likely evolved from ______.

A) archaea

B) bacteria

C) prokaryotes

D) the last common ancestor

E) None of the choices are correct.

D

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in the cells of bacteria?

A) Nucleus

B) Mitochondria

C) Endoplasmic reticulum

D) Lysosomes

E) All of the choices are correct.

E

Eukaryotic flagella differ from bacterial flagella because only eukaryotic flagella ________.

A) are used for cell motility

B) facilitate chemotaxis

C) facilitate phototaxis

D) are long, whiplike structures

E) contain microtubules

E

Cilia are structures for motility found primarily in _____.

A) protozoa

B) algae

C) fungi

D) bacteria

E) All of the choices are correct.

A

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _______ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.

A) filaments

B) microtubules

C) flagella

D) cilia

E) None of the choices are correct.

B

Cell walls are not usually found in _____.

A) protozoa

B) algae

C) fungi

D) bacteria

E) All of the choices are correct.

A

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is ________.

A) mostly polysaccharide

B) the site where many metabolic reactions occur

C) also called the cell wall

D) composed of lipids

E) protection against osmotic lysis

A

Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryote glycocalyx?

A) Protection

B) Adherence

C) Movement

D) Reception of chemical signals

E) All of the choices are functions.

C

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of ______.

A) protozoa

B) algae

C) fungi

D) bacteria

E) All of the choices are correct.

C

The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of ______.

A) sterols

B) proteins

C) phospholipids

D) cholesterol

E) All of the choices are correct.

E

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the ______.

A) ribosome

B) nucleolus

C) nucleus

D) Golgi apparatus

E) lysosome

B

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible network of dark fibers called the _____.

A) nuclear envelope

B) nucleosome

C) nucleolus

D) nucleoplasm

E) chromatin

E

Histones are ________.

A) found in polyribosomes

B) enzymes found in lysosomes

C) proteins of the cytoskeleton

D) proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus

E) on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum

D

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear ________.

A) histones

B) chromatin

C) pores

D) endoplasmic reticulum

E) inclusions

C

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the _______.

A) mitochondria

B) lysosomes

C) Golgi apparatus

D) chloroplasts

E) endoplasmic reticulum

E

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the ________.

A) mitochondria

B) lysosome

C) Golgi apparatus

D) chloroplast

E) endoplasmic reticulum

C

Protists with contractile vacuoles ________.

A) are algae

B) use them to expel excess water from the cell

C) typically live in salty seawater

D) use them for motility

E) All of the choices are correct.

B

A(n) _______ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

A) perixosome

B) lysosome

C) magnetosome

D) inclusion

E) ribosome

B

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

A) Mitochondria

B) Lysosomes

C) Golgi apparatus

D) Chloroplasts

E) Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Mitochondria possess all of the following except ________.

A) enzymes for metabolism

B) cristae

C) electron transport chain proteins

D) enzymes for photosynthesis

E) 70S ribosomes (prokaryote)

D

Which organelle is found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi?

A) Mitochondria

B) Lysosome

C) Golgi apparatus

D) Chloroplast

E) Endoplasmic reticulum

D

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is ______.

A) 30S

B) 40S

C) 50S

D) 70S

E) 80S

E

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?

A) Structural framework for the cell

B) Anchor points for organelles

C) Made up of microfilaments

D) Made up of microtubules

E) Made up of cilia

E

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the ________ and on the surface of the _________.

A) cytoplasm; Golgi apparatus

B) nucleus; Golgi apparatus

C) cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum

D) nucleus; endoplasmic reticulum

C

The cytoskeleton ________.

A) anchors organelles

B) provides support

C) functions in movements of the cytoplasm

D) helps maintain cell shape

E) All of the choices are correct.

E

Filamentous fungi are called _______.

A) pseudohyphae

B) septa

C) molds

D) dimorphic

E) mycelium

C

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called _______.

A) pseudohyphae

B) septa

C) molds

D) dimorphic

E) mycelium

A

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called _______.

A) dimorphic

B) saprobes

C) pseudohyphae

D) spores

E) parasites

A

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

A) Have cell walls

B) Photosynthetic

C) Include single-celled and filamentous forms

D) Heterotrophic nutrition

E) Can use a wide variety of nutrients

B

The long, threadlike branching cells of molds are called _______.

A) conidiophores

B) pseudohyphae

C) hyphae

D) septate

E) ascus

C

Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals. These fungi are called _______.

A) saprobes

B) parasites

C) substrates

D) nonseptate

E) dimorphic

A

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a _______.

A) septum

B) rhizoid

C) spore

D) bud

E) mycelium

E

Fungal infections are known as ________ and can be acquired from environmental or clinical sources.

A) secondary infections

B) vegetative infections

C) mycoses

D) saprobic infections

E) parasitoses

C

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a(n) ______.

A) endospore

B) cyst

C) seed

D) trophozoite

E) sporozoa

B

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except ________.

A) motility

B) ectoplasm and endoplasm

C) heterotrophic nutrition

D) formation of a cyst stage

E) cell wall

E

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the _______.

A) trophozoite

B) cyst

C) sporozoite

D) oocyst

E) food vacuole

A

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the _______.

A) sarcodina

B) ciliophora

C) mastigophora

D) apicomplexa

E) None of the choices are correct.

C

The group of protozoa that have gliding motility are the _______.

A) amoeba/sarcodina

B) ciliophora

C) mastigophora

D) apicomplexa/sporozoa

E) None of the choices are correct.

D

The group of protozoa that use pseudopodia to move are the ______.

A) sarcodina

B) ciliophora

C) mastigophora

D) apicomplexa

E) None of the choices is correct.

A

Which is mismatched?

A) Giardia — causes intestinal distress; transmitted by feces in drinking water

B) Histoplasma — fungus that causes Ohio Valley fever

C) Trichomonas — sexually transmitted vaginal infection

D) Plasmodium — protozoan that causes Chagas disease

E) Naegleria — amoeba that causes brain infection

D

Protozoan endoplasm contains ______.

A) ectoplasm

B) mitochondria

C) flagella

D) oral groves

E) None of the choices are correct.

B

Protozoan cysts ________.

A) are part of all protozoan life cycles

B) are necessary for transmission to a new host

C) are helpful in surviving unfavorable conditions

D) are the primary form of replication

E) All of the choices are correct.

C

Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) is most commonly contracted through the ________.

A) fecal-oral route from contaminated food or water

B) direct transmission from one host to another

C) puncture wounds

D) insect bites

E) None of the choices are correct.

A

All of the following are helminths except _____.

A) pinworms

B) flukes

C) trypanosomes

D) roundworms

E) tapeworms

C

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

A) In kingdom Protista

B) Parasitic worms

C) Eggs and sperm used for reproduction

D) Often alternate hosts in complex life cycles

E) Have various organ systems

A

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of ______.

A) protozoa

B) algae

C) helminths

D) fungi

E) None of the choices are correct.

C

Which of the following is not classified as a helminth?

A) Tapeworm

B) Fluke

C) Flatworm

D) Roundworm

E) All of the choices are helminths.

E

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?

A) Primary host

B) Secondary host

C) Definitive host

D) Transport host

E) Mating takes place in all hosts.

C

Larval development of helminths occurs in which host?

A) Primary host

B) Intermediate (secondary) host

C) Definitive host

D) Transport host

E) Mating takes place in all hosts.

B

Parasitic worms have a highly developed ______ system.

A) digestive

B) nervous

C) respiratory

D) muscular

E) reproductive

E

In humans, helminths generally infect the _____.

A) digestive tract

B) urinary tract

C) nervous system

D) muscular system

E) skin

A

After returning from a trip to Africa, Tom begins to feel very tired and weak. He has severe anemia. A blood smear reveals a protozoan is present in his blood. The health care provider tells Tom he has malaria. Which of the following could be the causative agent of his disease?

A) HIV

B) Nagleria fowleri

C) Plasmodium falciparum

D) Trichophyton

E) Histoplasma capsulatum

C

Which of the following statements is true concerning the evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A) Rather than eukaryotes evolving from prokaryotes, evidence suggests that both prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a precursor of these called the Last Common Ancestor.

B) Studies suggest that eukaryotes evolved directly from prokaryotes

C) Genetic evidence has shown that archaea were the precursor to prokaryotes, which in turn were the precursor to eukaryotes.

D) Evolutionary biologists have shown that eukaryotes appeared first and led to the evolution of prokaryotic cells.

A

The best definition of endosymbiosis is ________.

A) A photosynthetic bacterial cell and an aerobic bacterial cell fused to become a larger, eukaryotic cell

B) A eukaryotic cell ingested a bacterial cell and the organelles fused producing a larger cell

C) A pre-eukaryotic cell was infected by a prokaryote, and symbiosis between the two cell types gave rise to the modern-day eukaryotic cell

D) A DNA virus, a bacteria and a photosynthetic prokaryote fused to form a nucleus, a chloroplast and a mitochondria

C

Which of the following lines of evidence suggest that mitochondria evolved from the endosymbiosis of a pre-eukaryotic cell with a prokaryote?

A) They contain circular molecules of DNA

B) They contain 70S ribosomes

C) They divide independently from the cell

D) All of these suggest that mitochondria evolved from prokaryotes.

D

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella in that ________.

A) they are thicker, they are covered by membrane and they contain microtubules

B) they are thinner, they contain microfilaments and they are not involved in motility

C) they are thicker, they are made of the protein flagellin and they move in a 360o rotation

D) they are thinner, they have a basal body and a hook, and they contain a 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules

A

Eukaryotic cell membranes contain large lipid molecules called sterols, whereas prokaryotic membranes lack sterols. One argument supporting the presence of these sterols in eukaryotes is that ________.

A) unlike prokaryotes, many eukaryotes lack the protection of a cell wall and therefore require sterols to add some strength and rigidity to the membrane

B) eukaryotic nutrients are rich in sterols, which then become embedded in the membrane

C) sterols are essential catalysts for the efficient functioning of the cell membrane

D) sterols are necessary membrane molecules that mediate the transport of dissolved nutrients from the cell environment to the cytosol

A

Which fiber of the cytoskeleton is a hollow tube that is also a component of flagella and the spindle fibers that form during mitosis?

A) Microtubules

B) Actin filaments

C) Intermediate filaments

D) Hyphae

A

Which of the following describes the relationship between the fungal hyphae and mycelia?

A) Hyphae are filamentous cells that grow together in an intertwined mass called a mycelium.

B) Mycelia are filamentous cells that grow together to form hyphae.

C) Colonies of yeasts grow together to form hyphae, which then extend to form a mycelium.

D) Septate hyphae aggregate to form mycelia and nonseptate hyphae form yeasts through budding.

A

Fungal spores differ from bacterial endospores in that ________.

A) fungal spores are reproductive, whereas bacterial endospores are for survival

B) fungal spores are a result of sexual reproduction only, whereas bacterial endospores are a result of binary fission

C) bacterial endospores are reproductive, whereas fungal spores are for survival

D) fungal spores result from binary fission and bacterial endospores result from meiosis

A

Fungal spores arise ________.

A) when asexual reproduction produces sporangiospores and conidiospores, and sexual reproduction produces spores, often from a fruiting body

B) when sexual reproduction produces sporangiospores and conidiospores, and asexual reproduction produces spores when a male hyphae mates with a female hyphae

C) when sexual reproduction produces sporangiospores and conidiospores, and asexual reproduction produces spores when two fertile hyphae fuse

D) as a result of asexual reproduction only

E) as a result of sexual reproduction only

A

A saprobe differs from a parasite in that ________.

A) a saprobe acquires its nutrients from the remains of dead animals or plants whereas a parasite acquires its nutrients from living tissue

B) a parasite acquires its nutrients from the remains of dead animals or plants whereas a saprobe acquires its nutrients from living tissue

C) a saprobe synthesizes its nutrients using light energy and CO2 whereas a parasite acquires its nutrients from living tissue

D) a parasite synthesizes its nutrients using light energy and CO2 whereas a saprobe acquires its nutrients from living tissue

A

Which of the following are mismatched?

A) Saprobe - obtain nutrients from the remains of dead plants and animals

B) Heterotroph - synthesize organic nutrients using light energy and CO2

C) Parasite - obtain nutrients from a living organism to the detriment of that organism

B

Bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes are believed to have evolved from a different kind of cell, known as the _______.

A) last common ancestor

B) prokaryote

C) first primitive cell

D) aggregate

A

Previously, it was thought that eukaryotic cells evolved directly from prokaryotic cells. Now, it is believed that bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes all evolved from a different kind of cell, known as the last common ancestor.

Two different kinds of appendages may be found on eukaryotic cells that enable them to move. ________ are long slender locomotor appendages that are usually single and few in number, whereas ________ are appendages which are numerous and short.

A) Flagella; cilia

B) Cilia; flagella

C) Flagella; fimbriae

D) Pili; flagella

A

Flagella and cilia are two different kinds of appendages found on eukaryotic cells that enable them to move. Flagella are long, and generally, there is only one or a few on the cell. Cilia are much shorter, and there are many on the cell.

Choose the statement that best describes the role of mitochondria.

A) Contain hydrolytic enzymes to digest macromolecules

B) Provide cell with energy through cell respiration

C) Control the transport of materials into and out of the cell

D) Store the genetic information of the cell

E) Assemble amino acids into polypeptides

B

The mitochondria, sometimes called the powerhouses of the cell, provide the cell with energy through the process of cell respiration. Lysosomes are vesicles which contain hydrolytic enzymes capable of digesting macromolecules. The plasma membrane controls the transport of materials into and out of the cell. The nucleus stores the genetic information of the cell. Ribosomes are where amino acids are assembled into polypeptides during the process of translation.

Chloroplasts are the site of ________ and are located in plants and plantlike organisms called ________.

A) photosynthesis; algae

B) photosynthesis; yeasts

C) cellular respiration; algae

D) cellular respiration; yeasts

E) fermentation; algae

F) fermentation; yeasts

A

The process of photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are located in plant and algae cells.

Choose the statement that correctly describes the major difference between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes.

A) Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes contain different types of nucleotides.

B) Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in the type of nucleic acid that makes up much of their structure.

C) Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in function.

D) Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in the number of subunits.

E) Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ in size.

E

Bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomes differ primarily in size. Bacterial ribosomes are 70s ribosomes, composed of 30s and 50s subunits. Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80s ribosomes, composed of 40s and 60s subunits. This difference can be capitalized on in the design of antibiotics which can selectively interfere with the activity of bacterial ribosomes.

Long, threadlike fungal cells are called _______, and an intertwined mass of these cells is called a _______.

A) hyphae; mycelium

B) mycelia; hyphae

C) dimorphic; mycelium

D) hyphae; saprobe

A

Hyphae are each single, long, threadlike fungal cells. When these become intertwined into a mass of hyphae, the intertwined mass is a mycelium.

The three structures utilized for locomotion by protozoa are flagella, cilia, and ________.

A) pseudopods

B) pili

C) fimbriae

D) actin filaments

A

While not all protozoa are capable of locomotion, those that are capable fall into three groups based on their means of locomotion. These three means of locomotion include flagella, cilia, and pseudopods.

Choose the term that best describes the role of protozoan cysts.

A) Protozoan cysts are a reproductive stage.

B) Protozoan cysts are necessary for the infection of intermediate hosts while the trophozoites are the stage that infects definitive hosts.

C) Protozoan cysts are a survival form that allows them to survive adverse environmental conditions between hosts.

D) Protozoan cysts are the active, growing stage of the organism.

C

Many protozoa are able to go through an encystment process, in which they form a protective "shell" around themselves. While in the cyst form, they do not feed or reproduce, but are able to survive adverse environmental conditions. The cyst is basically a survival form. When conditions improve, the cyst can break open and release the trophozoite, which can grow, feed, and reproduce.

The two major types of helminths based on body type are the _______, which include the tapeworms, and the ________, which are also known as nematodes.

A) flatworms; roundworms

B) roundworms; flatworms

C) flatworms; flukes

D) flatworms, cestodes

A

The two major groups of helminths are (1) the flatworms, which include the tapeworms (cestodes) and the flukes (trematodes), and (2) the roundworms (also known as nematodes).

Choose the most accurate description of a typical helminth lifestyle.

A) The helminth reproduces sexually and spends most of its life in either a single animal host or a series of animal hosts.

B) The helminth reproduces asexually in its definitive host and sexually in its intermediate host.

C) The helminth reproduces asexually and is facultatively parasitic, which means it can live independently or can live parasitically within a host.

D) The helminth reproduces sexually and alternates between free living and parasitic stages of its life cycle.

A

Helminths display a variety of life cycles, some involving a single host, and others involving a series of alternating hosts. The one commonality is that helminths most often reproduce sexually and spend most of their life within animal hosts.

NCLEX question format.The county public health department is notified that an organism has been identified in a local lake, which is popular for water recreation and swimming. Acanthamoeba is familiar to the public health officials as an amoeba that can cause a fatal brain disease in both normal and immunocompromised individuals. An RN is a member of the taskforce assigned to the development and dissemination of community education. The team prepares information for the public to be released to media outlets and posted at the lake.

The public health information flyer explains that an amoeba is which type of microorganism?

A) A prokaryotic alga

B) A eukaryotic fungus

C) A eukaryotic protozoan

D) A prokaryotic bacterium

C

NCLEX Prep - Test Bank Question: Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional

NCLEX question format.The county public health department is notified that an organism has been identified in a local lake, which is popular for water recreation and swimming. Acanthamoeba is familiar to the public health officials as an amoeba that can cause a fatal brain disease in both normal and immunocompromised individuals. An RN is a member of the taskforce assigned to the development and dissemination of community education. The team prepares information for the public to be released to media outlets and posted at the lake.

Which type(s) of eukaryotic organisms can cause infections in humans?

A) Helminths

B) Fungi

C) Protozoans

D) Helminths, fungi, and protozoans

D

NCLEX question format.The county public health department is notified that an organism has been identified in a local lake, which is popular for water recreation and swimming. Acanthamoeba is familiar to the public health officials as an amoeba that can cause a fatal brain disease in both normal and immunocompromised individuals. An RN is a member of the taskforce assigned to the development and dissemination of community education. The team prepares information for the public to be released to media outlets and posted at the lake.

At the lakeside, public health officials post signs warning the public to avoid swimming in the lake. Acanthamoeba and other protozoa are able to enter a resting state when environmental conditions are unfavorable. This stage of the life cycle is called a(n) _____.

A) trophozoite

B) endospore

C) cyst

D) spore

C

NCLEX Prep - Test Bank Question: Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the questions that follow to become familiar with the traditional

NCLEX question format.The county public health department is notified that an organism has been identified in a local lake, which is popular for water recreation and swimming. Acanthamoeba is familiar to the public health officials as an amoeba that can cause a fatal brain disease in both normal and immunocompromised individuals. An RN is a member of the taskforce assigned to the development and dissemination of community education. The team prepares information for the public to be released to media outlets and posted at the lake.

The public health team informs the community that Acanthamoeba may be transmitted in which stage(s) of its life cycle?

A) Merozoite

B) Trophozoite

C) Encystment

D) Merozoite and encystment

E) Trophozoite and encystment

E

An RN begins his shift in the infusion center at the local oncology center. His first patient is a 45-year-old female who has been coming in weekly for the past month for her infusion of chemotherapy. She reports oral pain and difficulty eating that has been worsening since her last appointment. The nurse's assessment reveals a white film covering the inside of her cheeks and tongue. The RN swabs the inside of her mouth for microscopic analysis.

After staining, the specimen is inspected. The laboratory technician identifies single- celled organisms that possess a nucleus, and many of them are undergoing the process of budding. Based on this finding, it is most likely that the patient is suffering from an infection caused by a ______.

A) helminth

B) protozoan

C) fungus

D) bacterium

E) Unable to determine with this information

C