Parasitology Final study guide

what life cycle has no intermediate host

direct

what is the infective stage of Strongyloides species

L3

how big should a fecal sample size be

size of thumb

what covers the exterior body of nematodes extending into all body openings?

cuticle

what term refers to laying eggs containing a morula stage within the eggshell

oviparous

what produces the cuticle

hypodermis

what allows nematodes to move

somatic muscular layer

how long can a fecal sample be refrigerated

24 hours

when preforming a fecal float, how long do we leave it undisturbed

10-20 min

when preforming a fecal centrifugation how long do we leave coverslip undisturbed

20-30 min

what relationship refers to the smaller member being carried by the larger one

phoresis

what relationship does one organism benefit and the other neither benefits or is harmed

commensalism

what term refers to a parasite that wanders from its normal site of infection into an organ/location

aberrant parasite

what parasite secretes anticoagulant and feeding on blood causing anemia

Ancylostoma species

what is the most commonly mistaken pseudoparastie

pollen grain

what term refers to a parasite occurring in a host that it does not usually infect

incidental parasite

which is an example of a zoonotic parasite

Toxoplasma gondii

every parasite has at least one definitive host and one more more intermediate hosts

true

what host harbors the adult, sexual, and mature stages of a parasite

Definitive host

what host harbors the larval, juvenile, immature, and asexual stages of a parasite

intermediate host

what term refers to a parasite that only infects one type of host

Homoxenous parasite

what term refers to a parasite that infects a broad range of hosts

Euryxenous parasite

what type of organisms are protozoans

single-celled

which nematode life stage is most harmful

both larval and adult

how do tapeworms get their nutrients

through their tegument

what is the largest nematode

Dioctophyma renale

what type of organisms are nematodes

multicellular

what does Toxocara species cause in humans

Visceral larval migrans

How is the racoon roundworm transmitted

ingestion of eggs

how is ancylostoma species transmitted

through the skin, across placenta, through mammary milk, and ingestion of L3 larvae

when performing gross examination of feces, "soft, watery, hard" refers to what aspect

consistency

what lens power do you start on for a microscopic fecal examination

10x

when performing a centrifugal fecal flotation, what should the rpm be set at

1500 rpm

blood smears are commonly used to identify microfilaria of what parasite

Dirofilaria immitis

what parasite causes neurological larval migrans in humans

Baylisascaris procyonis

what parasite causes Strongyloidiasis in humans

Strongyloides species

what is not an antinematodal

Epsiprantel
remember the -oles

what is a common name for Pyrantel pamoate

Nemex

what antinematodal is effective only against ascarids type eggs

Piperazine

Parasite found in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries

Dirofilaria immitis

found in fecal float of cattle with very large eggs

Nematodirus species or Marshallagia species

which kidney is Dioctophyma renale found

right kidney

what is the largest nematode of horses

Parascaris equorum

what strongyle egg in horses is the most pathogenic

Large

what is the name of the pinworm that only infects mice

Aspiculuris tetraptera

what is the name of the pinworm of rabbits

Passalurus ambiguus

what parasite presents with clinical signs known as thumps

Ascaris suum

what parasite is not killed by freezing

Trichinella spiralis

What does the parasite Enterobius vermicularis infect

omnivores and herbivores

whipworms pass through feces every what day

3rd

name one host of ascarids

Love birds

which proglottid is farthest from the scolex

gravid

what is the scolex

head

based off of the reproductive system of a tapeworm, which descriptive word best describes it

hermaphroditic

how many suckers do eucestodes have

4

what are eucestodes suckers called

acetabulaw

how many suckers do cotyloda species have

0

what are the attachment organelles of the cotyloda species called

bothria

which species is labeled as an important species for cotyloda parasites

Diphyllobothrium latum

what is the common name for Spirometra mansonoides

zipper tapeworm

which intermediate form is known as being tiny and contains a fluid filled space

cysticercoid

what type of larval stage requires a mammal intermediate host

cysticercus

what are ectoparasites of fish, amphibians, and reptiles

monogenetic trematodes

monogenetic trematodes attach to the surfaces of

mouth, fins, skin, gills

digenetic trematodes are usually broad, leaf-shaped, and flattened with the exception of

schistosomes

what is the 1st motile stage of the trematode life cycle called

miracidium

T/F Most of the predilection sites of the flukes are associated with digestive system. The
exceptions are Paragonimus kellicotti and the schistosomes.

true

what is the treatment for Fasciola hepatica

Clorsulon, Nitroxynil, and Rafoxanide

what is the treatment for Nanophyetus salmincola

Praziquantel

what is the treatment for Alaria species

Esiprantel and Praziquantel

what is the treatment for Paragonimus kellicotti

Albendazole, Fenbendazole, and Praziquantel

fasciola is the most economically important fluke because

it causes liver rot

what is the name of the condition that Nanophyetus salmincola causes in dogs

salmon poisoning

what is the second intermediate host for Alaria species

frogs, snakes, and mice

T/F Acanthocephalans absorb nutrients through their tegument

true

how would we treat salmon poisoning in a dog with Nanophyetus salmincola

Oxytetracycline or Doxycycline

T/F in the acanthocephalan life cycle, the acanthella is ingested by the definitive host

false

what is the intermediate host for Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus

dung beetle

what is the correct treatment for Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus

Levamisole

what is the 2nd intermediate host of Paragonimus kellicotti

crayfish

This parasite was found on necropsy of sheep in the bile ducts. The parasite can be treated with clorsulon or Rafoxanide.

Fasciola hepatica

which parasite is a reportable one

Echinococcus granulosus

This parasite has 3 layered eggshell. The adults cause granulation tissue to form at the site of attachment. The adult parasites are found in the small and large intestine, cecum, and sometimes stomach.

Anoplocephala species

which Anoplocephala species is known as dwarf tapeworm

Paranoplocephala mamilla

what are the two cotyloda important species we need to know

Diphyllobothrium latum and Spirometra species

what is common name for Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

feline lungworm

what is another technique outside fecal floatation that can be used to diagnosed Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

Baermann technique

what is infective stage of Trichuris vulpis

L1

what is hallmark sign of Trichuris species

anemia

what parasite does not infect cats and dogs

Eucoleus boehmi

what is infective stage of Parascaris equorum

L2

what parasites make up the HOT complex in cattle

Haemonchus species, Ostertagia species, and Trichostrongylus species

what trichostrongyle of ruminants is found worldwide

Nematodirus species

what trichostrongyle of ruminants is found in sub tropical/tropical regions

Marshallagia species

this parasite infects pigs and has only parasitic females

Strongyloides ransomi (threadworm of pigs)

what is the pin worm of horses

Oxyuris equi

what parasite has ascarid type egg, infects pigs, and causes thumps

Ascaris suum

what parasite infects canines, located in right kidney, and is an aberrant parasite

Dioctophyma renale

what is intermediate host for Stephanofilaria stilesi

horn fly

what is the common name for Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Lancet fluke