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During what time period were the flying shuttle and the cotton gin invented?

1700s

What invention resulted in Elias Howe suing Isaac Singer for patent infringement?

Sewing Machine

What piece of equipment did Samuel Crompton invent?

Spinning Mule

What invention allowed a single weaver to weave much wider fabrics and could be mechanized, allowing for automatic machine looms?

Flying Shuttle

Which invention revolutionized cotton farming by separating the cotton seed from the raw cotton fibers?

Cotton Gin

What piece of equipment did Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis invent that added strength to pocket seams and other weak points of waist overalls?

Rivet

In what time period did Levi Strauss design the first waist overalls?

19th Century

What did Eli Whitney invent?

Cotton Gin

What did James Hargreaves invent?

Spinning Jenny

Who invented the first home sewing pattern?

Ebenezer Butterick

Before WW1, what country was the main fashion house found in?

France

What were some of the ways World War 1 & 2 affected the economy?

Women joining workforce

After WW2, which garment gained widespread public acceptance for women?

Pants

What invention had a massive impact on fashion by changing the way we buy clothes and how they are marketed? Internet

Pants

During which era did women’s hemlines rise dramatically?

20th Century

Which 20th century designer created the "New Look", a very feminine look with rounded shoulders, a cinched waist, and a very full skirt?

Christain Dior

What are guidelines for sizing patterns or clothing?

Standard Sizes

What is the term used to describe factory made clothing, sold in finished condition, and in standardized sizes?

Ready-To-Wear

What term is used to describe cheap and affordable clothing that quickly moves designs from the catwalk to stores in an effort to capitalize on the latest fashion trends?

Fast Fashion

What were the first ready-to wear garments that were mass produced?

Military Uniforms

Who is credited with inventing the American blue jean?

Levi Strauss

Who popularized the "little black dress"?

Coco Chanel

Who is known as the "Father of Haute Couture"?

Charles Worth

What invention is credited for making fashion global?

Internet

What are primary colors?

Blue, Yellow, Red

What are secondary colors?

Violet, orange, and green by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors in different combinations.

What are intermediate colors/tertiary colors?

A color created by mixing a primary color with the secondary color next to it

What is a shade?

By adding black to a color

What is a tint?

By adding black to a color

What is a monochromatic color scheme? Give an example.

Uses values and intensities of just one color. Different shades of blue.

What is an analogous color scheme? Give some examples.

Colors side by side on the color wheel. Red Red-Orange and yellow

What is a complementary color scheme? Give some examples.

Colors directly opposite of each other on a color wheel. Yellow and Violet.

What is a split-complementary color scheme? Give some examples.

One color used with two colors on each side of its direct complement. Red, blue-green, and yellow-green

What is a triadic color scheme? Give some examples.

Three colors equally distant from each other on the color wheel. Red, Yellow, Blue

What is an accented neutral color scheme?

Includes neutral colors, like white, beige, brown, gray, or black, and one or more small doses of other colors

If you wanted a dress that was classic and followed the curves of the body, which design shape should you look for?

Bell Shape

What type of line would be created by adding a pink belt to a black sheath dress?

Horizontal

What can designers use to enable them to easily visualize and modify their designs during the design process?

Computer Aided Design

Straight leg pants give the illusion of height. Which design shape is this?

Tubular

A skirt with many gathers is what design shape?

Bell Shape

Flared jeans, A-line skirts, and flair jackets are examples of what shape?

Bell Shape

To add a look of softness to the wedding dress, which type of line would be best for the designer to use?

Bell Shape

The lines formed by the seams, darts, pleats, tucks, and edges when a garment is constructed are examples of which type of line?

Structural

Pam is wearing a long rectangular dress with vertical emphasis. Which design shape does this create?

Tubular

Which principle of design is illustrated by a black dress with a red belt?

Emphasis

What is emphasis?

Focal point- drawing attention

What is symmetrical/formal balance?

Everything is balanced- divided into equal parts

What is asymmetrical balance/informal balance?

When a garment is divided into unequal parts

What is rhythm?

Created when one or more elements are used repeatedly to create a feeling or organized movement

What is repetition?

A pattern repeats, as with rows of stripes

What is gradation in design?

A pattern repeats, as with rows of stripes

What is radiation in design?

A pattern repeats, as with rows of stripes

While Alice was holding her sister’s baby, she noticed the baby kept rubbing her satin shirt. Which element of design was the baby experiencing?

Texture

People with larger body shapes can appear slimmer by using which color scheme?

Monochromatic

Sue is selecting clothing to show the normal shape and contour of her body. Which design shape is Sue looking for?

Natural

What is a croquis?

First rough sketch of a garment design

What type of line can make you appear tall and slim?

Vertical

Mary was advised by the fashion consultant not to wear shiny fabrics that reflect light, and give the impression of added size. Which element of design was the fashion consultant addressing?

Texture

A referee’s striped shirt illustrates which principle of design?

Rhythm

abrasion resistance?

a worn spot that can develop when fibers rub against something. (Pilling- tiny balls of fiber on the fabric.)

Absorbency?

Ability to take in moisture

Durability?

refers to how long you will be able to wear or use a particular garment or item

Elasticity?

the ability to increase in length when under tension (elongation) and then return to the original length when released (recovery)

Resiliency?

able to spring or bounce back into shape after crushing or wrinkling

Strength?

ability to withstand tension or pulling

Warmth?

ability of a fiber to maintain body heat of wearer

Wicking?

ability to draw moisture away from the body so the moisture can evaporate

What are the 3 types of natural fibers?

Cellulosic, Cotton and, Flax

Describe the basic properties of cotton.

soft, cool, known as breathable fibers and absorbent

Describe the basic properties of flax/linen.

soft, lustrous and flexible, stronger than cotton fiber but less elastic

Describe the basic properties of wool.

Fire Resistant, Moisture Wicking, Mildew & Mold Resistant, Hypoallergenic, Extremely Flexible

Describe the basic properties of silk.

One of the strongest natural fibers, smooth, soft texture that is not slippery

What are the 2 types of manufactured fibers?

Cellulosic and non cellulosic

Describe the basic properties of acetate.

Excellent drapability and softness. Shrink, moth, and mildew resistant. Low moisture absorbency, relatively fast drying. No pilling problem, little static problem

Describe the basic properties of lyocell.

softness, drapability, dimensional stability, dye uptake, and colorfastness.

Describe the basic properties of rayon.

comfortable, soft to the skin, and has moderate dry strength and abrasion resistance

Describe the basic properties of nylon.

toughness, abrasion resistance, and are easy to wash, and to dye in a wide range of colors

Describe the basic properties of olefin.

abrasion, stain, sunlight, fire, and chemical resistant

Describe the basic properties of polyester.

Quick drying. Resilient, wrinkle resistant, excellent pleat retention (if heat set) Abrasion resistant. Resistant to most chemicals

Describe the basic properties of spandex.

lightweight, soft, smooth, supple and more durable and has higher refractive ability than rubber

What is a plain weave and what fabrics is it used in?

The simplest weave in which the weft (crosswise) yarn is passed over then under each wrap (lengthwise). Used in chiffon, gingham, seersucker and taffeta

What is a satin weave and what fabrics is it used in?

A very weak weave that produces a smooth, shiny-surfaced fabric resulting from passing the weft yarn over and under numerous warp yarns to create long boats. Used in sateen and satin.

What is a twill weave and what fabrics is it used in?

A very strong weave in which the yarn is passed over and under one, two, or three warp yarns.

What is a pile weave and what fabrics is it used in?

Is made on a loom, the difference is that loops are created. Used in velvet, corduroy, terry cloth and velveteen.

What is a weft knit and what fabrics is it used in? A knit that is made with one yarn.

Used in T-shirts.

What is a warp knit and what fabrics is it used in?

A knit made with several yarns on flat knitting machines. Multiple to produce a run-resistant knitted fabric. Used in sportswear.

What is a seamless knit and what fabrics is it used in?

Involves the production of a whole garment in one piece on a knitting machine so that little or no sewing is required. Used in tights.

What is the difference between weaving and knitting?

Weaving is Interlacing long threads passing in one direction with others at a right angle to them. Knitting is Interlocking loops.

What are non-woven fabrics?

When fibers are melted or fused together to make disposable/inexpensive fabrics.

What is fiber dyeing?

A method of giving color to textiles using coloring agents called dyes.

What is yarn dyeing?

Involves dying the yarn before weaving or knitting them into fabric.

What is piece dyeing?

Involves dyeing the fabric after it is woven or knitted

What is garment dyeing?

Involves dyeing the garments to fill retail orders for requested colors.

Roller printing

Color for the design is applied to fabric as it goes through a series of rollers.

Screen printing

Done on a flat screen frames and is similar to stenciling

Rotary screen printing

A combination of roller and screen printing. Dye is transferred through screens that roll over the fabric.

Heat transfer printing

The desired dyes and patterns are placed onto paper using a rotary screen printer. The paper is placed on the fabric heat and pressure and the colors and patterns are transferred to the fabric.

Digital printing

The newest method of fabric printing. It is like ink-jet printing with a computer but rolls the fabric through an extra wide printer. Droplets of color are “spit” onto fabric.

What information is on a clothing hang tag?

a small card, It typically houses information about the product, like size and care instructions, or added information about your brand, such as logo artwork or a short mission statement

What information is on a garment care tag?

include laundry symbols to indicate how a particular item should best be washed, dry cleaned or ironed. Or information on the composition of the material.