Ch 10 Musculoskeletal system

fasci/o

band, fascia

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue

leiomy/o

smooth muscle(visceral)

lumb/o

loins (lower back)

muscul/o

muscle

lumbocostal

pertaining to the loins

my/o

muscle

ten/o

tendon

myorrhexis

rupture of a muscle

tomy

incision

tend/o

tendon

tendin/o

tendon

algia

pain

asthenia

weakness, debility

myasthenia

weakness of muscle

pathy

disease

plegia

paralysis

hemiplegia

paralysis of one side of the body

rraphy

suture

sarcoma

malignant tumor of connective tissue

chondr

cartilage

lysis

separation

carp/o

carpus/ wrist bones

carpoptosis

downward displacement of the wrist

cervic/o

neck; cervic uteri

al

pertaining to

sub

under, below

crani/o

cranium; skull

humer/o

humers; upper arm bone

metacarp/o

metacarpus; hand bones

metacarpectomy

excision of one or more metacarpal bones

phalang/o

phalanges; bones of the fingers and toes

spondyl/o

vertebra; backbone

vertebr/o

vertebra; backbone

stern/o

sternum

sternocostal

pertaining to the sternum and ribs

calcane/o

calcaneum; heel bone

dynia

pain

calcaneodynia

painful condition of the heel

femor/o

femur; thigh bone

fibul/o

fibula; smaller, outer bone of the legpa

patell/o

patella; kneecape

ectomy

excision, removal

pelv/i

pelvis

pelvimetry

measurement of the pelvic dimensions or proportions

metry

act of measuring

pelv/o

pelvis

radi/o

radiation, x-ray, radiusg

graph

instrument for recording

tibi/o

tibia

ankyl/o

stiffness, bent, crooked

ankylosis

immobility of a joint

arthr

joint

chondr/o

cartilage

costochondritis

inflammation of cartilage of the anterior chest wall

lamin/o

lamina; part of the vertebral arch

myel/o

bone marrow; spinal cord

orth/o

straight

ped

foot, child

ics

pertaining to

orthopedics

branch of medicine concerned with prevention and correction of musculoskeletal system disorders

oste/o

bone

clast

to break; surgical fracture

cyte

cell

osteoclast

breaks down bone

desis

binding, fixation of a bone or jointa

arthrodesis

surgical immobilization of a joint

malacia

softening

physis

growth

diaphysis

shaft or middle region of a long bone

porosis

porous

osteoporosis

porous bones

roentgen/o

x-ray

peri

around

hemi

one half

myogenesis

embryonic formation of muscle

biceps

2 heads

triceps

3 heads

osteomalacia in children

rickets

sprain

Trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability

strain

Trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive

muscular dystrophy

gradual atrophy weakness of muscle tissue

myasthenia gravis

autoimmune neuromuscular disorder by severe muscular weakness and progressive fatigue

bunion

deformity of the lateral deviation of the great toe toward the 2nd toe

contracture

Fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule preventing normal mobility

crepitation

Grating sound made by movement of bone ends

gout

excessive uric acid in blood and around the joints

rheumatoid arthritis

disease affecting the synovial membranes of multiple joints

subluxation

partial or complete dislocation

sequestrum

fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated

kyphosis

increased curvature of thoracic region, humpback

lordosis

forward curvature of the lumbar region, swayback

scoliosis

abnormal sideward curvature of the spine

spondylolisthesis

Partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it,

arthrocentesis

Puncture of a joint space with a needle to remove fluid

gold salts

treat rheumatoid arthritis

NSAIDS

reduce inflammation in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions

talipes

clubfoot

ewing sarcoma

malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow

paget disease

chronic inflammation of bones, thickening and softening of bones