medterm 2

abnormal

irregular

adrenal glands

endocrine glands above a kidney producing epinephrine and cortisol

analysis

separating a substance into component parts

anemia

deficiency of hemoglobin and/or rbc

antepartum

before birth

antibiotic

chemical substance produced by various microorganisms or fungi that kills bacteria/small organism

example of antibiotic

penicillin and streptomycin

antigen

foreign protein that stimulates wbc to make antibodies then killed by antibodies

aphasia

absence or impairment of communication through speech

apnea

not able to breathe

atrophy

decrease size of cells in organ

benign

not cancerous, tumor doesn’t spread and limited in growth

bilateral

pertaining to 2 sides

bradycardia

slow HR

congenital anomaly

irregularity present at birth

dialysis

complete separation of waste from blood when kidneys fail

diarrhea

discharge of watery waste from colon

dysphagia

difficult swallowing

dysplasia

abnormality of development or formation of cells

dyspnea

painful/labored breathing

dysuria

painful/difficult urination

ectopic pregnancy

pregnancy not in uterus, usually in fallopian tubes

endocrine glands

organs that produce/secrete hormones (thyroid, pituitary, adrenal gland)

endoscopy

process of viewing inside of hollow organs/cavities with endoscope

epidural hematoma

pathologic mass of blood above dura mater (outermost layer surrounding brain and spinal cord)

excision

act of cutting out, removing, resecting

extrahepatic

pertaining to outside liver

hemigastrectomy

removal of ½ stomach

hemiplegia

paralysis that affects right or left side of the body

hyperglycemia

high blood sugar

hyperplasia

cells high in numbers

hypertension

high bp

hyperthyroidism

excessive activity of thyroid gland

hypertrophy

enlargement/overgrowth of organ because cells grow big

hypoxia

deficiency of O2 in tissues

hypoglycemia

low blood sugar

incision

cutting into body/organ

invertebral

pertaining to lying between 2 backbones

intrauterine

pertaining to within uterus

intravenous

pertaining to within vein

malignant

cancerous tumors that invade and spread to distant organs becoming progressively worse

metacarpal

bones of hand between wrist bones (carpals) and finger bones (phalanges)

metastasis

spread of cancerous tumor to a distant organ or location

neonatal

pertaining to a new birth (first 4 weeks)

neoplastic

pertaining to a new growth

paralysis

loss or impairment of movement in part of body

paraplegia

impairment or loss of movement in lower part of body

parathyroid glands

4 endocrine glands behind thyroid gland, maintain calcium in blood and bones

perianal

surrounding the anus

periosteum

membrane surrounding bone

polydipsia

excessive thirst

polyneuropathy

disease of many nerves

polyuria

excessive urination

postmortem

after death

postpartum

after birth

precancerous

pertaining to condition that may come before a cancer, tends to become malignant

prolapse

falling or drooping part of body

prosthesis

artificial substitute for missing part of body

quadriplegia

paralysis of all 4 extremities an usually trunk

relapse

return of disease after termination

remission

lessening or absence of signs and symptoms of disease

resection

removal of organ/structure

retroperitoneal

pertaining to behind peritoneum

subcoastal

below the ribs

subcutaneous

under the skin

subdural hematoma

collection of blood under dura mater

subscapular

pertaining to under the shoulder

subtotal

less than total, often just under total amount

syndrome

set of signs and symptoms that occur together to indicate disease/condition

tachycardia

fast,rapid heart beat

tachypnea

rapid breathing

transabdominal

pertaining to across abdomen

transurethral

pertaining to across the urethra

tricuspid valve

fold of tissue between upper and lower chambers of right side of heart

ultrasonography

recording of internal sound waves as they impact body structures

unilateral

pertaining to 1 side

urinalysis

examination of urine to determine contents

anesthesiology

study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consiousness

cardiologist

physician specializing in study of heart and heart structure

cardiovascular surgeon

specialist in operating on heart and blood vessels

clinical

pertaining to bedside or clinic, involving patient care

colitis

inflammation of colon (large intestine)

colorectal surgeon

physician specializing in operating on colon and rectum

dermatologist

physician specializing in skin and it’s diseases

dermatology

study of skin and its diseases

emergency medicine

care of patients requiring immediate action

endocrinologist

specialist in study of endocrine glands and their disorders

enteritis

inflammation of SI

family practioner

medical doctor responsible for primary care and treatment of patients on continuing basis

gastroenterologist

specialist in treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders

gastroscopy

visual examination of stomach

geriatric

pertaining to treatment of older people

geriatrician

specialist in treatment of diseases of old age

gynecologist

specialist in study of female disorders

gynecology

study of female disorders

hematologist

specialist in blood and blood disorders

hematoma

mass or collection of blood under the skin, commonly called a bruise

hospitalist

physician whos’ primary focus is hospital medicine including patient care, teaching, research, related to hospital care

iatrogenic

pertaining to adverse condition that results from medical or surgical treatment

infectious disease

disorders caused and spread by microorganisms such as bacteria