head and neck quiz 1

practice export from someone on quizelt

Smooth, elevated region b/w the eyebrows in the frontal region?

glabella

directly inferior to each eyebrow

supraorbital ridge

inner angles of the eye, "inner canthus"

medial canthus

wing-like cartilaginous struc that laterally border the nares

Ala

Region of the head containing the ear:

auricular region

In which region of the head and neck is the tragus located?

auricular region

Which region is the frontal eminence evident?

frontal region

Which region is the naris located?

Nasal region

Which region is the philtrum located?

oral region (vertical groove on skin extending down from nasal septum)

Which ms divides the neck diagonally into an anterior cervical triangle and posterior cervical triangle?

sternocleomastoid (SCM)

The tissue at the jxn b/w the labial or buccal mucosa and the alveolar mucosa is the:

mucobuccal fold

At the gingival margin of each tooth is the non attached or "free gingiva" aka \_________

marginal gingiva

What is the fold of tissue located at the midline b/w the labial mucosa and the alveolar mucosa on both the maxilla and the mandible?

labial frenum

Darker appearance that lines the lips, represents change in epidermis from highly keratinized skin to less keratinized internal mucosal junction

vermillion border

Which of the following structures extends from just inferior to the lateral margin of the eye toward the ear?

zygomatic arch

Fold of tissue that extends from the jxn of the hard and soft palate on each side down to the mandible, just posterior to the most distal mand molar; stretches when pt opens the mouth wider

pterygomandibular fold

The opening from the oral region into the oropharynx is the:

fauces

Part of the pharynx that is superior to the level of the soft palate (continuous with the nasal cavity)

nasopharynx (from top to bottom, naso, oro, laryngo then esophagus (NOL)

What is the small papilla at the anterior end of each sublingual fold that contains the duct openings?

sublingual caruncle

Lateral to the deep lingual veins on each side of the tongue, folds with fringe-like projections

plica frimbriata

What is the difference between the foliate, fungiform and filiform lingual papillae?

Foliate-LATERAL surface of tongue with vertical ridges (taste buds)
Fungiform: red mushroom shaped dotes (less in number), taste buds
Filiform: slender, threadlike lingual -CAT,and for grooming, no papillae-give dorsal surface its velvety texture
(1. Circumvallate-BIG, 2. fungiform, 3. filiform

What separates the lower lip from the chin?

labiomental groove

What bone is suspended within the neck without any bony articulation?

hyoid bone

In addition to the zygomatic bone, which of the following bones has a process that forms the other part of the zygomatic arch?

temporal bone

Which of the following is the location of the articulation of the partietal bones and occipital bone?
a. coronal suture
b. squamosal suture
c. sagittal suture
d. lambdoidal suture

d, lambdoidal suture

Which vertebrae forms an articulation with the occipital condyles?

Atlas

where are the genial tubercles located?

The orbital apex is composed of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone and the \_______

palatine bone

Where is the median palatine suture located?

landmark formed by the maxillae,

Which of the following struc is located or travels within the infratemporal fossa?
a. masseter ms
b. pterygopalatine ganglion
c. posterior superior alveolar artery
d. maxillary division of the fifth cranial nerve

c, posterior superior alveolar artery

The concavity noted on the anterior border of the coronoid process of the mandibular ramus is the:
a. mandibular notch
b. coronoid notch
c. temporal fossa
d. infratemporal fossa

b, coronoid notch

Which process is located just inferior and medial to the external acoustic meatus?
a. pterygoid process
b. styloid process
c. mastoid process
d. hamulus

b, styloid process

The spaces located under the three conchae of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are the nasal:
a. ostia
b. ducts
c. meatuses
d. inferior nasal conchae
e. vestibules

c, meatuses

What bones and their processes form the hard palate?

palatal processes of the maxillae and maxillary plates of the palatine bone

Which of the following bones of the skull is paired?
a. sphenoid
b. ethmoid
c. occipital
d. vomer
e. parietal

e, parietal

Which of the following bony plates is perforated to allow the passage of the olfactory nerves for the sense of smell?

c, cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

Which of the following bones of the skull is considered a cranial bone?
a. vomer
b. maxilla
c. sphenoid
d. zygomatic
e. mandible

c, sphenoid

Which part of the temporal bone is involved in the TMJ?
a. squamous
b. typanic
c. petrous
d. mastoid

c, petrous (on inside at base of skull has middle and inner ear)

Which of the following bones forms the jugular foramen along with the jugular notch of the temporal bone?
a. occipital
b. mandible
c. parietal
d. sphenoid

a, occipital

What is the faint ridge where the right and left mandibular processes fused together in early childhood called?

mandibular symphysis

In which bone are BOTH the infraorbital foramen and infraorbital canal located?
a. frontal
b. maxillae
c. sphenoid
d. zygomatic

b, maxillae

The occipital condyles are located \_______ and \________ to the foramen magnum.
a. medial, anterior
b. lateral, anterior
c. medial, posterior
d. lateral, posterior

b, lateral, anterior

Which bone forms both the superior and middle nasal conchae?
a. occipital
b. mandible
c. maxilla
d. frontal
e. ethmoid

e, ethmoid

The origin of the frontal belly of the epicranial ms and the insertion of its occipital belly are BOTH at the:

epicranial aponeurosis

Which of the following ms is considered a muscle of mastication?
a. buccinator
b. risourius
c. mentalis
d. masseter
e. corrugator supercilii

d, masseter

Which of the following paired ms united medially, forming the floor of the mouth?
a. geniohyoid
b. omohyoid
c. digastric
d. mylohyoid
e. transverse

d, mylohyoid

What muscle serves to depress the hyoid bone?

infrahyoid ms

Which of the following ms has two bellies, giving the ms two different origins?
a. lateral pterygoid
b. geniohyoid
c. thyrohyoid
d. stylohyoid

a, lateral pterygoid

Which muscle group is involved in BOTH elevating the hyoid bone and depressing the mandible?
a. ms of mastication
b. suprahyoid ms
c. infrahyoid ms
d. intrinisic tongue ms
e. extrinsic tongue ms

b, suprahyoid ms

Which of the following ms groups below is innervated by the cervical nerves?
a. ms of mastication
b. ms of facial expression
c. suprahyoid ms
d. infrahyoid ms
e. intrinisic tongue ms

c, suprahyoid ms

Which of the following ms groups is innervated by the facial nerve?
a. intrinsic tongue ms
b. extrinsic tongue ms
c. ms of facial expression
d. ms of mastication

c, ms of facial expression

Which of the following ms groups inserts directly on the hyoid bone?
a. Geniohyoid, stylohyoid, and omohyoid ms
b. masseter, stylohyoid and diagastric
c. masseter, buccinator, and omohyoid ms

a, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, omohyoid

What ms is used when a pt grimaces?

Risorius

Which of the following ms is an extrinsic ms of the tongue?
a. geniohyoid ms
b. hyoglossus ms
c. mylohyoid ms
d. transverse ms
e. vertical ms

b, hyoglossus ms

Which ms of facial expression compresses the cheeks during chewing assisting the ms of mastication?
a. risorius
b. buccinator
c. mentalis
d. orbicularis oris
e. masseter

b, buccinator

The superior pharyngeal constrictor ms is noted to:
a. originate from the larynx
b. insert on the median pharyngeal raphe
c. overlap the stylopharyngeus ms
d. be a longitudinal ms of the pharynx

b, insert on the median pharyngeal raphe

Which of the following descriptions concerning the masseter ms is CORRECT?
a. most superficial ms of facial expression
b. originates from zygomatic arch
c. inserts on the medial surface of the mandible's angle
d. depresses the mandible during jaw mvt

b, orginates from zygomatic arch

What situation occurs when BOTH SCM ms are used @ the same time?

head flexes at the neck

Which ms does NOT aid in smiling with the lips when it contracts?
a. zygomatic major ms
b. levator anguli oris ms
c. zygomaticus minor ms
d. epicranial ms

e, epicranial ms

Which ms is located just deep to the skin of the neck?
a. platysma
b. buccinator
c. risoruis
d. mentalis

a, platysma

Which ms listed is considered MOST superiorly located on the head and neck?
a. corrugator supercilii ms
b. zygomatic major ms
c. superior pharyngeal constrictor ms
d. superior belly of the omohyoid ms

a, corrugator supercilii ms

Which ms listed below when contracted causes a frown?
a. zygomatic major ms
b. levator anguli oris ms
c. depressor anguli oris ms
d. risorius ms

c, depressor anguli oris ms

Which nerve innervates the temporalis ms?

mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Which ms activity helps to prevent the tongue from sinking back and obstructing respiration?
a. genioglossus ms
b. stylopharyngeus ms
c. inferior longitudinal ms
d. palatoglossus ms

a, genioglossus ms

Which of the following nerves supplies the posterior group of suprahyoid ms?
a. vagus nerve (CN X)
b. trigeminal nerve (CN V)
c. facial nerve (CN VII)
d. hypoglossal nerve (CN XI)

c, facial nerve

What nerve supplies the anterior set of suprahyoid ms?

trigeminal (CN V)

Infections may spread from the nasal cavity to the meninges along the olfactory nerves, as its fibers pass from the mucosa of the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb via:
a. cribriform plate of the ethmoid
b. crista galli
c. foramen cecum
d. superior orbital fissure
e. nasolacrimal duct

a, cribriform plate of the ethmoid

Which of the following ms is supplied by the trigeminal nerve?
a. levator palati ms
b. palatoglossus ms
c. stylopharyngeau
d. tensor veli palatini ms

d, tensor veli palatini ("tensor" \=trigeminal)

Severe pain beneath the left eye, radiating into lower eyelid, lateral side of the nose and upper lip. What nerve is involved?
a. buccal
b. infraorbital
c. mental
d. supraorbital
e. zygomatic

b, infraorbital (underneath eyelid, lateral side of nose and upper lip toward midline)

What is the action of the styloglossus ms? What nerve innervates it?

retracts and elevates the tongue, hypoglossal (nerve XII)

What is the action of the hyoglossus ms? Innervation?

depresses tongue (hypoglossal nn)

What is the action of the genioglossus ms?

protrudes tongue and depresses parts

The middle nasal concha is part of what bone?
a. ethmoid
b. maxilla
c. palatine
d. sphenoid
e. vomer

a, ethmoid
(recall: superior/middle nasal concha are part of ethmoid whereas inferior nasal concha is its own bone)

What nerve innervates the sternocleomastoid? What is its action?

Accessory nerve (CN XI), Action: Unilaterally\=turns the head AWAY from the active side, flexes neck, extends atlantooccipial jt
BILATERALLY\=most powerful flexor in the neck

What suture separates the frontal bone from the paired parietal bones?

coronal suture

What TMJ dislocation is the most common?

anterior dislocation (happens during yawning or chewing)

The nasal septum is comprised of the perpandicular plate of the ethmoid and the \__________.
a. maxilla
b. vomer
c. nasal bone
d. lacrimal bone
e. inferior nasal conchae

b, vomer (recall: vomer is the only unpaired bone in the midline from the choices; inferior nasal conchae is unpaired but it is a lateral structure)

Which of the following muscles has an attachment to the hyoid bone?
a. superior constrictor
b. middle constrictor
c. inferior constrictor
d. palatoglossus
e. styloglossus

b, middle constrictor (closest to base of skull on oropharynx)

The zygomatic arch consists of processes from the \_______ and \______.

temporal process of temporal bone + zygomatic process of zygomatic bone

Define the law of "golden proportions"

Vertical dimension that allows for comparison of the three parts of the face for functional and esthetic purposes

What areas of the aurical region are important radiographic and local anesthetic landmarks?

external auditory meatus and tragus

Identify the helix, triangular fossa and antihelix

What is the difference b/w otitis externa and otitis media?

otitis externa- infection of external ear "swimmers ear"
otitis media- infect of middle ear, symp: pulling, fever, fussy, fluid,

What part of the eye is known as the opening between the two eyelids?

palebral fissure (space widens when you widen your eyes)

T/F The lateral punctum is located anterior to the lateral caniliculus.

True (the punctum drains into the canaliculi, to nasolacrimal duct then nasal cavity--\>why your nose stuffs when crying)

The groove(s) that run from the nose to the labial commissure are known as:
a. nasolabial sulcus
b. labiomental groove
c. muscocutaneous junction
d. philtrum

a, nasolabial sulcus/groove
recall: labiomental groove "marionette lines" --\>puppet w/moveable jaw

T/F many of the local anesthesia injections for patient pain control/hemostasis are administered at the labial frenum.

FALSE-muccobuccal fold (mucosa that is on the alveolus itself stuck on bone and gums)

What is the only place in the body (oral cavity) that epithelium has a free edge?

marginal gingiva

Which structure is continuous with the uvula in the oral cavity?

soft palate

Differentiate the lingual frenulum from the sublingual fold/plica. What are the small papilla called on the ventral side of tongue?

small papilla: sublingual caruncles at end of each sublingual fold (contains duct openings to glands)

What muscle divides the neck into triangles? What regions are in each triangle?

SCM;
Anterior: submental, submandibular, carotid, muscular
Posterior: occipital, supraclavicular

Name the three groups of important landmarks for radiography of surface anatomy.

1. external auditory meatus and tragus
2. outer and inner canthus
3. nasion and ala

What are the divisions of the bones of the skull?

neurocranium, viscerocranium, basicranium

What is craniosynostosis? Examples?

premature fusion of the cranial sutures
ex. Saggital-long, narrow skull
Coronal: flattening of forehead (ELiza)
Lambdoid: flattening at back
Metopic: triangular shape

Which cranial bone has both squamous and petrous (bony) portions, related to middle/inner ear, and forms part of the basocranium?

temporal bone

Identify the location of the pterion.

Where the parietal, frontal, temporal and sphenoid come together (batting helmets)

What are the function of the basicranium?

Basicranium: primarily the occipital bone;
FXN: support for the brain, ent/exit for nerves and vessels, contains occipital condyles and foramen magnum, C1

What is the role of the sphenobasilar synchrondrosis?

growth at the back of the skull (SBS)

What is the deepest part of the orbit called? What two bones is it composed of?

orbital apex, lesser wing of sphenoid and palatine bone (sm inferior part)

What are the 7 bones that comprise the orbit?

zygomatic, sphenoid, frontal, lacrimal, ethmoid, palatine, maxilla