which area of science involves the study of the organs and systems of the body?
anatomy
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the study of the functions and systems of the body is know as
physiology
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What three basic parts are found in most human cells?
nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane
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The control center of cell activities is called the:
nucleus
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Most of the activities of the cell take place in the:
cytoplasm
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The process of building up larger molecules from small ones is:
anabolism
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The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is called
catabolism
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Groups of cells of the same kind make up
tissues
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what is the role of epithelial tissue
cover and protect the body surfaces and internal organs
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Which type of tissue supports, protects and holds the body together?
connective tissue
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The tissue that contracts, when stimulated, to produce motion is known as:
muscular tissue
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A separate body structure composed of two or more different tissues is a(n)
organ
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The organ that controls all body functions is the:
brain
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The organ responsible for removing toxic byproducts of digestion is the:
liver
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The primary function of the excretory system is to:
eliminate waste product
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The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a:
joint
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Which system has the function of surrounding and protecting internal organs
skeletal system
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long bones are found in the
legs
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All of the following are bones of the cranium
frontal, occipital, temporal, and parietal
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The parietal bones form the:
crown and upper sides of the head
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the bone that forms the back of the skull, indenting above the nape area is the
occipital
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the bone that makes up the lower jaw and is the largest bone of the facial skeleton is the
mandible
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the 8 carpals held together with ligaments make up the
wrist
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the 5 long, the bones that form the palm of the hand area
metacarpals
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the outer and narrower of the 2 longer leg bones, extending from the knee to the ankle is know as the
fibula
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myology is the study of the structure, function and diseases of the
muscles
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The salon professional is primarily concerned with which type of muscles found in the head, face, neck, hands and arms?
voluntary
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which type of muscle responds automatically to control various body functions
non-striated
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muscles affected by massage are generally massaged from the
insertions attachment to organ attachment
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the occipitals muscle is located at the nape of the neck and draw the scalp
back
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the muscle that circle the mouth and is responsible for contracting, puckering and drinking the lips (kissing or whistling)
orbicularis oris
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the coordination of which two muscles enable the body to perform chewing (mastication)
temporalis and massester
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The muscle that aids in drawing the head back and elevating the shoulder blades is known as the:
trapezius
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the muscle that turns the palm of the hand up is the
supinator
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straightens fingers and wrist
extensor
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The body system responsible for circulation of the blood, including the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries, is called the
cardiovascular system
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What is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body, bringing nourishment and oxygen to all parts of the body
blood
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What is another name for red blood cells
erythrocytes
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Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called leukocytes or
white blood cells
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thick-walled vessels that carry pure blood from the heart through the body are:
arteries
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The process of blood traveling from the heart, throughout the body and back to the heart is called
general circulation
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The occipital artery supplies blood to the
back of the head
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Which artery supplies blood to the lower portion of the face, including the mouth and nose?
external maxillary
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Which artery supplies blood to the crown and sides of the head
parietal
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A subsystem of the circulatory system responsible for distributing white blood cells to help develop immunity is known as the:
lymph-vascular system
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The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system and the
autonomic nervous system
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The brain, spinal cord and spinal and cranial nerves make up the
central nervous system
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Which crucial part of the central nervous system is composed of long nerve fibers and originates in the base of the brain and extends to the base of the spine?
spinal cord
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Motor nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles and are called:
\ efferent
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What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body
\ peripheral nervous system
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The primary motor nerve of the face is the
facial nerve
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the digestive, respiratory and circulatory systems are controlled by the
\ autonomic nervous system
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The system that breaks food down to be easily absorbed by cells or to become waste products is the
digestive system
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The primary function of the excretory system is to
eliminate waste
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Hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels are all controlled by the
endocrine system
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Where does mitosis or cell division of the skin take place
stratum basale
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Which of the following items determines the color of the skin
melanin
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The stratum lucidum layer is found only on the
soles of the feet and palms of hands
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Which layer of the skin contains collagen protein and elastin fibers which lend support to the epidermis and give the skin its elastic quality?
\ dermal
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Sweat is excreted by what gland?
\ sudoriferous
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The greatest concentration of sudoriferous glands is found on the
palms, soles, scalp and forehead, and underarms
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What is the function of sebum?
mix with sweat to form the acid mantle
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Most skin problems are caused by
the sebaceous glands
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Functions of the skin include regulation of body temperature and
\ protection
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what layer of skin does not contain any blood vessels
epidermis
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Which layer of skin is located below the dermal layer and composed of adipose (fatty) and loose connective tissue?
\ subcutaneous
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nerve bundles in the subcutaneous tissue branch into the stratum granulosum layer and respond to:
pain
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All of the following statements identify ways to protect the skin from the sun’s harmful rays EXCEPT
\ apply oil every 2 hours
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Which skin type has a rough texture with blackheads and enlarged pores?
oily
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Which skin type is recognized by the shiny T-zone?
combination
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An example of a subjective symptom would be:
itching
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An example of a subjective symptom would be:
frequent and habitual
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A disease influenced by weather is referred to as:
seasonal
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A papule is an example of a
primary skin lesion
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Which of the following primary lesions are small elevations of skin similar to vesicles in size and shape but contain pus
pustules
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A secondary lesion appearing as round, dry patches of skin covered with rough, silvery scales is called:
psoriasis
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Which of the following skin lesions usually appear as cracks or lines and often occurs when skin loses its flexibility due to exposure to wind, cold and water?
fissure
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The lesion found following the normal healing process of an injury is called a(n):
scar
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Which of the following terms is another name for a keratoma?
callus
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Verruca is a name given to a variety of:
warts
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What is the technical term for a decrease in activity of melanocytes?
leukoderma
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Comedone is the technical name for:
blackhead
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Pearly white, enclosed keratin-filled cysts which form a hard ball beneath the outer layer of the skin are known as:
milia
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Persons exposed to excessive heat may develop small red vesicles with burning and itching of the skin called prickly heat or
\ miliaria rubra
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Which of the following terms is an infection in the hair follicles caused by bacteria, shaving or clothing irritation?
folliculitis
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Products that help to cleanse, soothe and smooth the skin while bringing it to a normal pH are known as:
toners
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A term that is used to describe moisturizing is:
hydrating
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All of the following examples are possible mechanical exfoliation methods
brush, clothes, scrubs
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Which of the following skin care products removes dead skin cells by using enzymes and hydroxy acids?
chemical exfoliant
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Applying pressure to motor points will have which of the following effects?
soothe and stimulate nerves and muscles
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A massage can provide all of the following results EXCEPT:
weaken muscle tissue
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If a client suffers from high blood pressure or has suffered a stroke, massage movements should:
be avoided since massage increases circulation
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All of the following terms are basic massage movements EXCEPT:
cleansing
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The gentle massage movement that often begins and ends a massage treatment is called
effleurage
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Effleurage is a massage movement that involves:
light, gentle stroking or circular movement
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The massage movement that consists of light or heavy kneading and rolling of the muscles is called:
\ petrissage
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The massage movement that involves a light tapping or slapping movement while increasing blood circulation and stimulating nerves is known as:
\ tapotement
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Which of the following massage movements is a circular or wringing movement usually carried out with the fingertips or palms of the hands?
friction
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A shaking movement in the arms of the salon professional while the fingertips or palms are touching the client is known as:
vibration
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Areas of the skin that are diseased, broken, bruised or scraped:
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Flashcard (32)