unit 5 nature in danger (copy)

aquatic

/əˈkwæt.ɪk/

eg: aquatic plants

( a ) relating to water

\
avalanche (n )

/ˈæv.əl.ɑːntʃ/

(n ) tuyết lở

\
circulation

/ˌsɜː.kjəˈleɪ.ʃən/

eg Police have warned that there are a lot of fake £50 notes in circulation.

( n ) sự lưu thông, sự lưu hành

spring water

( n ) nước nguồn, nước suối

mineral water

nước khoáng

\
combustion

/kəmˈbʌs.tʃən/

eg Fuel combustion produces energy to run machines.

( n ) sự đốt cháy

commercial

/kəˈmɜː.ʃəl/

eg: The commercial future of the company looks very promising.

(adj.) buôn bán, thương mại

\
consequence

/ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwəns/

eg I told the hairdresser to do what she wanted to my hair, and look at the consequences!

(n) hậu quả

\
conservationist

/ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən.ɪst/

eg: Conservationists are fighting to save the tiger.

(n ) nhà bảo tồn

conservation

/ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən/

eg: a conservation area

(n ) sự bảo tồn

conservational

/ˌkɒn.vəˈseɪ.ʃən.əl/

( a ) thuộc bảo tồn

\
contaminated

/kənˈtæm.ɪ.neɪ.tɪd/

eg The virus can be transmitted by food containing contaminated meat.

(a) bị ô nhiễm

contaminant

/kənˈtæm.ɪ.nənt/

eg Make sure that all equipment is clean and free of contaminants.

( n ) chất gây ô nhiễm

contaminant

eg: The water supply is being tested for contamination .

( n ) sự ô nhiễm

contaminate

/kənˈtæm.ɪ.neɪt/

eg Much of the coast has been contaminated by nuclear waste.

( v ) làm bẩn,làm ô nhiễm

decontaminate

/ˌdiː.kənˈtæm.ɪ.neɪt/

eg: Estimates of the amount of money needed to decontaminate the heavily polluted chemical installations vary.

( a ) khử trùng, làm sạch

decompose

/ˌdiː.kəmˈpəʊz/

eg: The body must have been decomposing for several weeks

( v ) phân hủy

deplete

/dɪˈpliːt/

eg The illness depletes the body of important vitamins.

(v ) trút ra, xả ra, trút hết

\
disastrous

/dɪˈzɑː.strəs/

eg: This decision will have a disastrous impact on foreign policy.

( a ) thảm khốc

domain

/dəˈmeɪn/

eg She treated the business as her private domain.

(n) lãnh địa, lãnh thổ phạm vi, lĩnh vực

frequency

\
eg the increasing frequency of terrorist attacks

( n ) tần số, tính thường xuyên

frequent

/ˈfriː.kwənt/

eg The most frequent cause of death is heart disease.

( adj) thường xuyên

highland

/ˈhaɪ.lənd/

eg Much of central and eastern Brazil is highland plateau.

( n ) cao nguyên

ice cap

(np) chỏm băng, mũ băng

polar ice

(np) băng ở vùng cực

ozon layer

( np ) tầng ozon

green house

( np) nhà kính

iceberg

( np ) tảng băng trôi

intensity

/ɪnˈten.sə.ti/

( n ) cường độ

jeopardize

/ˈdʒep.ə.daɪz/

eg: She knew that by failing her finals she could jeopardize her whole future.

( v ) gây nguy hiểm

likelihood

/ˈlaɪ.kli.hʊd/

eg: There is every likelihood that more jobs will be lost later this year.

( n ) sự có khả năng xảy ra

non-biodegradable

/ˌbaɪ.əʊ.dɪˈɡreɪ.də.bəl/

(a ) không thể phân hủy

permanently

/ˈpɜː.mə.nənt.li/

eg Smoking is likely to damage your health permanently.

(adv) một cách vĩnh cửu

temporarily

/tem.pəˈr.er.əl.i/

eg This office is closed temporarily for redecoration.

(adv) tạm thời

perpetuate

/pəˈpetʃ.u.eɪt/

eg The aim of the association is to perpetuate the skills of traditional furniture design.

( v ) làm cho bất diệt, mãi duy trì

prairie

/ˈpreə.ri/

(n) đồng cỏ, thảo nguyên

precautionary

/prɪˈkɔː.ʃən.ər.i/

eg: The company has withdrawn the drug as a precautionary measure.

( a ) phòng ngừa, đề phòng

precaution

/prɪˈkɔː.ʃən/

eg They failed to take the necessary precautions to avoid infection.

( n ) sự phòng ngừa

probability

/ˌprɒb.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

êg What is the probability of winning?

( n ) sự có thể có, xác suất

recyclable

/ˌriːˈsaɪ.klə.bəl/

eg: Are plastic bottles recyclable or do they go in the garbage?

( a ) có thể tái chế

renewable

/rɪˈnjuː.ə.bəl/

eg: renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power

(a) có thể tái tạo

respiratory

/rɪˈspɪr.ə.tər.i/

eg Smoking can cause respiratory diseases.

( a ) Thuộc hô hấp

run - off

( n ) trận đấu phân thắng bại (sau trận hòa), dòng chảy

run-in

( n ) cuộc cãi vã, bất đồng

run - out

( n) sự lệch tâm, mất cân bằng

snowball

( n ) nắm tuyết, bóng tuyết

soot

/sʊt/

eg: Breathing in dust and soot caused lung problems.

( n ) bồ hóng, nhọ nồi, bụi than

speculate

/ˈspek.jə.leɪt/

eg: I don't know why she did it - I'm just speculating.

( v ) đầu cơ tích trữ,

spray

/spreɪ/

eg: Farmers use a lot of chemical sprays on crops.

( v ) phun, xịt

tenterhook

( n ) cái móc căng vải ( ngành dệt)

typhoon

( N ) bão thái bình dương

unleaded

/ʌnˈled.ɪd/

eg: Cars these days all use unleaded petrol.

(adj) không có tính chì

unveil

/ʌnˈveɪl/

eg: The memorial to those who had died in the war was unveiled by the Queen.

(v ) tiết lộ, công bố

utensil

/juːˈten.sɪl/

eg: In the drawer was a selection of kitchen utensils - spoons, spatulas, knives, and whisks.

( n ) dụng cụ nhà bếp

territory

/ˈter.ɪ.tər.i/

eg He was shot down in enemy territory.

(n ) lãnh thổ

wilderness

/ˈwɪl.də.nəs/

eg: Alaska is the last great wilderness

(n ) vùng hoang vu, hoang dã

cause the damage to st

gây thiệt hại đến cái gì

cool down

Làm mát đi, bớt nóng, bình tĩnh lại

cool off

giảm đi (sự nhiệt tình)

derive from\=date back\=come from\=stem from

có nguồn gốc từ

do harm to

gây hại cho

draw attention to

hướng sự chú ý tới

give rise to

gây ra

heat up st

làm nóng lên (nhiệt độ), làm nghiêm trọng hơn (tình huống)

in addition + clause\= in addition to + N/ Ving

ngoài ra, thêm vào đó

lead to st

dẫn đến

cause to st

gây ra

result from

có kết quả từ

make benefit for

có lợi cho

nonetheless\=however\=nevertheless\=yet

tuy nhiên

on the contrary\=in contrast\=on the other hand\=whereas

trái lại

put it down to st

quy cho là do cái gì

run on st

chạy bằng cái gì

run into\=come across\=bump into

tình cờ gặp

run out of st

hết sạch cái gì

run out\=use up

cạn kiệt

take to sb/st

bắt đầu thích ai, cái gì

dune

/dʒuːn/

There are many sand dunes at Mui Ne Beach.

( n ) cồn cát

Afforestation

n. sự trồng rừng

detergent

/dɪˈtɜː.dʒənt/

( n ) chất tẩy rửa

degrade

/dɪˈɡreɪd/

eg Pornography degrades women.

( v ) làm suy thoái

rhino

/ˈraɪ.nəʊ/

tê giác

steady

/ˈsted.i/

eg Orders for new ships are rising, after several years of steady decline.

(a ) ổn định

dense

/dens/

( a ) dày đặc

marine

/məˈriːn/

eg One plane, a marine F18, was lost in the raid

( a ) thuộc về biển, đại dương

submarine

/ˌsʌb.məˈriːn/

eg a nuclear submarine

( n ) tàu ngầm

imperil

/ɪmˈper.əl/

eg A police raid would imperil the lives of the hostages.

(v ) làm nguy hiểm

temperate

/ˈtem.pər.ət/

eg a temperate climate

( a ) ôn đới

outstanding

eg It's an area of outstanding natural beauty.

( a ) nổi bật

prominent

/ˈprɒm.ɪ.nənt/

eg The government should be playing a more prominent role in promoting human rights.

( a ) nổi bật, xuất chúng

discharge

eg More than half of all prisoners discharged are reconvicted within two years

( v ) thải ra, xả ra,xuất viện

demolish

/dɪˈmɒl.ɪʃ/

eg A number of houses were demolished so that the supermarket could be built

phá hủy

estimable

/ˈes.tɪ.mə.bəl/

eg: Her performance under such stressful conditions was estimable.

(a) đáng coi trọng

cherish

/ˈtʃer.ɪʃ/

eg Although I cherish my children, I do allow them their independence.

( v ) yêu mến

fertile

/ˈfɜː.taɪl/

eg These plants need a moist fertile soil and a sheltered position.

( a ) phì nhiêu, màu mỡ

mild

/maɪld/

eg She can't accept even mild criticism of her work.

( adj ) nhẹ, êm dịu, ôn hòa

harsh

/hɑːʃ/

eg:"There is no alternative," she said in a harsh voice.

(a): khắc nghiệt; thô, ráp

poach

/pəʊtʃ/

( v )săn trộm

recede

/rɪˈsiːd/

eg The painful memories gradually receded in her mind.

(v) lùi lại ,giảm sút

reveal

eg He would not reveal where he had hidden her chocolate eggs.

(v) tiết lộ