French Revolution

Made up of Catholic Church

First Estate

1% of the population that owned 10% of the land
-exempt from paying taxes

First estate

Pre-Revolutionary France

Old Regime

Made up of rich nobles

Second Estate

2% of the population that owned 20% of the land

Second estate

made up of bourgeiusde , urban lower class and peasants

Third Estate

Paid high taxes
-no influence in gov
-embraced enlightenment ideas

Third estate

Indecisive and paid little attention to gov't issues

Louis XVI

Marie Antoinette

Wife of Louis XVI
-spent 1.5 million on gambling

Phase 2

Liberal phase

Third estate voted to create the National Assembly thereby eliminating the absolute giv and creating representative gov on

June 17, 1789

Parisians stormed prison of Paris, break it down, release prisoners, take guns

July 14th

Members of third estate pledging to stay until they had drawn up a constitution

Tennis Court Oath

Angry French citizens overtook the _________ from Louis xvi mercenary army

Bastille

National Assembly decided to abolish ancient regime
+ economic practices of serfdom, privledge, church taxes

Night of august 4, 1789

August 26, 1789

Declaration of the Rights of Man

Slogan of the Revolution

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

The _________ will lose its property and political independence

Catholic Church

Invitation of Prussia and Austria that if any other kingdoms will join them they'll crush revolution

Declaration of pillnitz

In 1789 average French person age ____ lbs of bread each day

41

Bread prices inflated, people stole bread, murdered bakers, broke into bakeries

October days

Political faction

Made by citizens to fulfill political agenda

-those who advocated king
-wanted restoration of ancient regime

Emigres

-wanted aggressive fulfillment of agenda
-resolve to economy
-willing to go radical
-extreme to fulfill demands: vandalism, riots

Sans-culottes

April 1792

France declares war on Austria

Stage 3

Radical phase

Paris will eventually raid the prisons and kill over 1k prisoners

September massacre

September 21, 1792

National Convention takes control

July 25, 1792 the ______ is issued

Brunswick manifesto

Brunswick Manifesto

Threat to Paris to French gov that if any harm is done to royal family, Austria and Prussia will initiate paris

-radical revolutionaries who wanted to remove king
-establish republic

Jacobins

The national convention will declare France a republic put Lou's on trial for _______ and will beheaded by _______

Treason, guillotine

January 21, 1793

Execution of Louis XVI

August 10, 1792

Second French Revolution

-thousands of parisians stormed tillaries palace
-declare gov republic
-eliminate king

August 10 1792

Maximelien Robespierre nickname

The incorruptible

Robespierre was the leader of the

Committee of Public Safety

Robespierres rule as a dictator was known as

The reign of terror

During the terror it was believed as many as _____ were killed

40k

_______% killed were poor or middle class

85

Represents total population of kingdom of France in 1700s

26 million

Wave of senses panic and paranoia in France that happened from June -October 1789, led to irrational decisions of people with France ex: storming of bastille

Great fesr

Original home of royal family prior to Versailles

Tuilieries palace

Decided to right declaration of rights of women, published female writer

Olympe de gouges

New form of paper currency of revolution that was backed by 10% and gov, was a quick fix that fixed nothing, was over printed

Assignats

Edited news paper called "friend of people" called for death of all who supported the king or went against jacobins

Jean Paul marat

Lawyer, passionate speaker known for devotion to rights for Paris poor people

George Danton

Legislative Assembly

Assembly that replaced the National Assembly in 1791

Something that someon has the that someone else doesn't

Privledge

Nickname given to Marie Antoinette for her lavish spending 1.5 million in on year on gambling

Madame deficit

Member of first estate, became spokes person for the desires of wanting to see change in ancient regime, wrote "what is the third estate"

Emmanuel Joseph (abbe) sieyes

Titled the hero of two worlds, American and French Revolution, leader of national assembly's and their army's

Marquis de Lafayette

National Convention

A meeting of party delegates held every four years

Assembly representatives of all three estates

Estates general

Members from all three Estates, pass laws

National assembly

A document, issued by the National Assembly in July 1790, that broke ties with the Catholic Church and established a national church system in France with a process for the election of regional bishops. The document angered the pope and church officials and turned many French Catholics against the revolutionaries.

Civil constitution of clergy

San-culottes means

Those without knee brace

-2nd party
-saw value of king, goal of monarchy
-made up of nobility

Girondins

5 kingdoms

GB, Holand, Spain, Austria, Prussia

Start studying for quiz here

******* Birth of napoleon

August 15, 1769 in Corsica

Group of five men who served as liaisons between Robespierre and the Assembly. Overthrown by Napoleon.

directory

Napoleon sudden seizure of power became known as ______ or "blow of state"

Coup d' etat

Phase 5 of revolution

Consulate

Form of government which followed the directory -established by Napoleon-ended when Napoleon was crowned emperor.

consulate

In 1800, a ________ or vote of people was held to approve the new constitution

plebiscite

1802

France is in peace with all of Europe

National bank that oversees everything, inspired by America and Dutch

Bank of France

Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe.

Continental System

Napoleon set up _____ or gov run public schools that common and wealthy attended

Lycees

By 1814 there were over _____ lycees ans ____ students

36, 9k

Napoleon signed a ___ with the pope which improved relations with the church.

Concordat

Code gave the country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices
It limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights

Napoleonic Code

December 2, 1804

Napoleon crowns himself emperor

Phase 6 of French Revolution

Napoleanic empire

Third Coalition

Russia, Austria, Sweden, Britain

1803, napoleon has a talk with Thomas Jefferson and sells Louisiana to US for 15 million

Louisiana purchase

October 21, 1805

Battle of Trafalgar

-destruction of the French naval fleet by British
-forces napolean to give up his plans of invading Britain

Battle of trafalgar

Admiral whom leads the British through the battle of traflagar

Admiral Nelson

Napoleons divorces ______ because she cannot have children

Josephine

Britain responded to continental system with its own blockade that caused the

War of 1812

Napolean sent an army to invade Portugal for failing to follow continental system
-Spain protested as French troops went through ug
-Spanish guerllas will attack French troops in Spain

Peninsular war

Napoleon's most disastrous military campaign. Russian winter forced Napoleon to retreat, lead to his downfall

Invasion of russia

Ruler of Russia during invasion of Russia

Czar Alexander I

There were only ______ survivors of invasion of revolution out of 422k

28k

Group that dented napolean, consisted of Britain,, Prussia, Russia, Sweden, Austria

Fourth coalition

Napolean will be exiled to island of _____ but the unpopularity of _______ allowed napolean to return to France

Elba, Louis XVII

Battle of Waterloo

June 18, 1815

-final defeat for napolean

Battle of Waterloo

British general during Waterloo

General duke of Wellington

Napolean will them be exiled to _____ where he spends the remainder of his life and dies in _____

St Helena, 1821

Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon

Congress of Vienna

Most highly admiral of British navy, in battle of Nile will defeat napolean and French forces

Admiral horatio Nelson

First wife of napolean labeled a social light person who had great influence, popularity, intelligence , and able to mingle with rught people

Josephine

Enslaved African of island who will rise into leadership during civil war and will result in securment of island

Touissant L'Ovuerture

◎ Refers to side of warship where canon fire can be exchanged

Broadside

2nd wife of napolean, grand niece of beheaded queen Marie Antoinette

Mary Louise

◎ Made up of Austria Prussia and Russia - Austria governed by Francis the first of Austria , Prussia was Fredrick William the third, and Russia tzar Alexander the first, agreement by three leaders they pledge their relationship with other nations will be based on Christianity principle

Holy Alliance

◎ Agreement by five great powers that if there was any sign of revolt against their monarchs, the other great powers would instantly retatlitate with military

Concert of Europe