Axial and Appendicular Musculature Practical

Buccinator

(deep)

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
Action: cheek compression

Buccinator
Origin?
Insertion?
Action?

Mentalis

Deep

Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin -chin
Action: elevates lower lip

Mentalis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Depressor anguli oris

superfical

Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin-angle of mouth
Action: frown--depresses the angles of the oris (mouth)

Depressor anguli oris
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Depressor labii inferioris

superfical

Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin- lower lip
Action: lower lip depression

Depressor labii inferioris
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Orbicularis oris

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: lips
Action: pucker lips

Orbicularis oris
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Zygomaticus major

superfical

Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: angle of mouth
Action: smile

Zygomaticus major
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Zygomaticus minor

superfical

Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: upper lip
Action: elevate upper lip

Zygomaticus minor
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Levator labii superioris

superficial

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
Action: upper lip elevation

Levator labii superioris
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: skin of upper lip
Action: flaring of nostrils, elevates upper lip

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Risorius

Origin: parotid gland fascia
Insertion: skin -angle of mouth
Action: draws corners of mouth to sides

Risorius
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Orbicularis oculi

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: skin around eyeballs
Action: close eye

Orbicularis oculi
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Levator palpebrae superioris

Origin: Sphenoid
Insertion: upper eyelid
Action: eyelid elevation

Levator palpebrae superioris
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Procerus

Superfical

Origin: nasal cartilages
Insertion: skin of forehead
Action: pulls skin between eyebrows downward-expression of frown

Procerus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Nasalis

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: bridge of nose
Action: flare nostrils

Nasalis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Dilator nasi

Origin: maxilla
Insertion: skin of nostril
Action: Dilation of nostrils

Dilator nasi
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Occipitofrontalis - frontal belly

Origin: epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion: skin of eyebrows
Action: raises eyebrows

Occipitofrontalis frontal
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Occipitofrontalis - occipital belly

Origin: occipital bone
Insertion: epicranial aponeurosis
Action: pulls scalp posteriorly

Occipitofrontalis occipital
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Platysma

Very superior

Origin: fascia overlying pectoralis major
Insertion: mandible
Action: depress mandible (opens mouth)

Platysma
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Inferior rectus of eye

Origin: Sphenoid around optic canal
Insertion: inferior eyeball
Action: eye looks down

Inferior rectus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Lateral rectus of eye

Origin: Sphenoid around optic canal
Insertion: lateral eyeball
Action: eye looks laterally

Lateral rectus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Medial rectus of eye

Origin: Sphenoid around optic canal
Insertion: medial eyeball
Action: eye looks medially

Medial rectus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Inferior oblique of eye

Origin: Maxila
Insertion: inferior eyeball
Action: eye roll up and laterally

Inferior oblique
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Superior rectus of eye

Origin: Sphenoid around optic canal
Insertion: superior eyeball
Action: eye looks up

Superior rectus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Superior oblique of eye

Origin: Sphenoid around optic canal
Insertion: superior eyeball
Action: eye roll down and laterally

Superior oblique
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Masseter

Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: mandible
Action: chewing; elevates mandible (closes mouth)

Masseter
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Temporalis

Origin: Temporal bone
Insertion: mandible
Action: chewing; elevates mandible (closes mouth)

Temporalis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Medial pterygoid

Origin: sphenoid
Insertion: mandible
Action: mandible side to side

Medial pterygoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Lateral pterygoid

Origin: sphenoid
Insertion: mandible
Action: mandible side to side

Lateral pterygoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Digastric anterior

Origin: Mandible
Insertion: hyoid
Action: depress mandible (opens mouth)

Digastric
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Omohyoid

Origin: scapula
Insertion: hyoid
Action: depress hyoid bone

Omohyoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Thyrohyoid

Underneath Sternohyoid

Origin: Thyroid cartilage
Insertion: hyoid
Action: depress hyoid bone

Thyrohyoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Geniohyoid

Origin: mandible
Insertion: hyoid
Action: depress mandible (opens mouth)

Geniohyoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Sternohyoid

Origin: sternum and clavicle
Insertion: hyoid
Action: aids in swallowing

Sternohyoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: sternum and clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process
Action: flex neck

Sternocleidomastoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Mylohyoid

Origin: mandible
Insertion: hyoid
Action: elevates floor of mouth

Mylohyoid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Sternothyroid

Origin: sternum
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Action: aids in swallowing

Sternothyroid
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Splenius capitis

Origin: spinous processes of C and T vertebrae
Insertion: occipital bone
Action: extend neck

Splenius capitis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Erector spinae - longissimus

C

Origin: T and L vertebrae
Insertion: ribs
Action: extend vertebral column

Erector spinae - longissimus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Erector spinae - spinalis

D

Origin: T and L vertebrae
Insertion: T vertebrae
Action: extend vertebral column

Erector spinae - spinalis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Erector spinae - iliocostalis

Origin: ilium
Insertion: ribs
Action: extend vertebral column

Erector spinae - iliocostalis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Scalenes

Origin: C vertebrae
Insertion: ribs 1,2
Action: flex neck

Scalenes
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

External oblique

most outer layer

Origin: ribs
Insertion: linea alba
Action: Compress abdomen

External oblique
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Rectus abdominis

Origin: Pubis
Insertion: sternum
Action: compresses abdomen

Rectus abdominis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

External intercostals

Origin: inferior border ribs
Insertion: Superior border of ribs
Action: elevate ribs

External intercostals
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Internal intercostals

Origin: superior border rib
Insertion: inferior border ribs
Action: depresses rib

Internal intercostals
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Internal oblique

middle layer

Origin: ilium
Insertion: linea alba
Action: Compress abdomen & rotates vert column

Internal oblique
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Diaphragm

Origin: Costal cartilages and ribs
Insertion: central tendon of diaphragm
Action: contraction expands throacic cavity--breathing

Diaphragm
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Transversus abdominis

most inner layer

Origin: ribs and illiac crest
Insertion: linea alba
Action: compresses abdomen

Transversus abdominis
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

Bulbospongiosus male

Bulbospongiosus female

Origin: Base of penis or clitoris
Insertion: perineal body
Action: stiffens penis or female penis

Bulbospongiosus
Origin:
Insertion:
Action:

iliococcygeus