kins 1100 chemical and cellular 2

functions of a cell

covering/lining, communication, reproduction, movement, defense, storage, connection

3 regions of the cell

plasma (cell membrane), cytoplasm, nucleus

functions of membrane

is a thin border, selective physical and chemical barrier, not absolute barrier it chooses what gets through, extra vs intra cellular - its a phopholipid bi-layer. has channels or gates to move substances in and out

how do nutrients, gases, waste move in and out of a cell

osmosis or diffusion

what are the types of cell membrane transports

passive: down a concentration or electeochemical gradient, requires no energy just substances going through the phospholipid bi-layer, ex: simple diffusion

facilitated vs simple diffusion

in facilitated the substances dont go through the phospholipid bi-layer they go through channels with channel proteins

explain osmosis passive transport

when the solvent transfers to dilute the concentration on one side to equalise concentration between membranes

active transport vs passive transport

active requires energy, often against concentration gradient

examples of active transports

sodium-potassium pumps, endocytosis (when a cell membrane wraps around substance), exocytosis(reverse of endo),

whats the cytoplasm and the 3 components that it consists of

it consists of the cytosol, cytoskeleton, organelles

whats the cytosol, organelles and cytoskeleton

cytosol: the actual jelly liquid, mostly water

organelles: mitochondria, etc

cytoskeleton: network of protein filaments through cytosol, 1 microfilaments 2 intermediate filaments, 3 microtubules