Midterm 1

Amoxicillin brands

Moxatag, Amoxil

Amoxicillin Drug class

Antibiotic, beta-lactam

Amoxicillin FDA indications

bacterial upper respiratory infections

Amoxicillin target

transpeptidase

Amoxicillin pharmacological activity

irreversible competitive inhibitor

Amoxicillin + clavulanate brand

Augmentin

piperacillin + tazobactam

Zosyn

Vancomycin Brand

Vancocin

Vancomycin drug class

antibiotic, glycopeptide

Vancomycin FDA indications

bacterial upper respiratory infections

Vancomycin pharmacologic activity

N/A, binds to enzyme SUBSTRATE not enzyme itself

Vancomycin drug target

D-Ala-D-Ala cell wall precursor

levofloxacin brand

Levaquin

levofloxacin drug class

antibiotic, respiratory fluroquinolone

levofloxacin FDA indications

bacterial upper respiratory infections

levofloxacin pharma activity

reversible inhibitor

levofloxacin drug target

DNA topoisomerase type II (Gyrase and Topo IV)

azithromycin Brand

Zithromax

azithromycin drug class

antibiotic, macrolide

azithromycin FDA indications

bacterial upper resp infections

azithromycin pharma activity

reversible inhibitor

azithromycin target

50S ribosomal subunit

doxycycline brand

Vibramycin

doxycycline FDA indications

bacterial upper resp infections

doxycycline pharma activity

reversible inhibitor

doxycycline target

30S ribosomal subunit

doxycycline drug class

antibiotic, tetracycline

diphenhydramine brand name

Benadryl

diphenhydramine drug class

antihistamine, first generation

diphenhydramine FDA indications

histamine-mediated allergy symptoms (nasal allergic and allergic dermatitis), can also be used with epinephrine for treatment of anaphylaxis

diphenhydramine pharmacological activity

reversible orthosteric antagonist

diphenhydramine drug target

histamine type 1 receptor (H1R)

cetirizine brand

Zyrtec

cetirizine drug class

antihistamine, second generation

cetirizine FDA indications

histamine-mediated allergy symptoms (nasal allergies and allergic dermatitis)

cetirizine pharmacologic activity

reversible orthosteric antagonist

cetirizine drug target

H1R

fexofenadine brand

Allegra

fexofenadine drug class

antihistamine, second generation

fexofenadine FDA indications

histamine-mediated allergy symptoms (nasal allergies and allergic dermatitis)

fexofenadine pharmacologic activity

reversible orthosteric antagonist

fexofenadine drug target

H1R

loratadine brand

Claritin

loratadine drug class

antihistamine, second generation

loratadine FDA indications

histamine-mediated allergy symptoms (nasal allergies and allergic dermatitis)

loratadine pharmacologic activity

reversible orthosteric antagonist

loratadine drug target

H1R

montelukast brand

Singulair

montelukast drug class

leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA)

montelukast FDA indications

allergic rhinitis, asthma

montelukast pharmacologic effect

reversible orthosteric antagonist

montelukast target

cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1R)

Aspirin Brand

N/A

acetaminophen Brand

Tylenol

acetaminophen + codeine brand

Tylenol #3

Celecoxib

Celebrex

Diclofenac

Voltaren

Ibuprofen brand

Advil, Motrin

Naproxen brand

Aleve

Methylpredisolone Brand

Medrol, Depo-Medrol, Solu-Medrol

prednisone brand

Deltasone, Prednisone Intensol

Aspirin Drug Class

antiplatelet agent, salicylate, NSAID

aspirin FDA indications

secondary prevention after acute coronary syndrome (ACS - heart attack)

aspirin pharmacologic activity

irreversible competitive inhibitor

aspirin drug target

COX-1 on platelets

acetaminophen drug class

analgesic, non opioid

acetaminophen FDA indications

pain, fever

acetaminophen pharmacologic activity

reversible competitive inhibitor

acetaminophen drug target

weak COX 1 and COX 2, maybe COX 3

Celecoxib brand

Celebrex

Celecoxib drug class

NSAID, analgesic, non opioid

Celecoxib FDA indications

pain

Celecoxib pharmacologic activity

reversible competitive inhibitor

Celecoxib drug target

COX 2

Diclofenac brand

Voltaren

Diclofenac drug class

NSAID, analgesic, non opioid

Diclofenac FDA indications

pain

Diclofenac pharmacologic activity

reversible competitive inhibitor

Diclofenac drug target

COX 1, COX 2

Ibuprofen drug class

NSAID, analgesic, non opioid

Ibuprofen FDA indications

pain

Ibuprofen pharmacologic activity

reversible competitive inhibitor

Ibuprofen drug target

COX 1, COX 2

Naproxen drug class

NSAID, analgesic, non opioid

Naproxen FDA indication

pain

Naproxen pharmacologic activity

reversible competitive inhibitor

Naproxen drug target

COX 1, COX 2

Methylpredisolone drug class

corticosteroid, systemic

Methylpredisolone FDA indication

inflammatory disorders

Methylpredisolone pharmacologic activity

agonist

Methylpredisolone drug target

glucocorticoid receptor (GR)

prednisone drug class

corticosteroid, systemic

prednisone FDA indication

inflammatory disorders

prednisone pharmacologic activity

agonist

prednisone drug target

glucocorticoid receptor (GR)

amoxicillin target class and location

transferase enzyme anchored to the plasma membrane of the bacteria

amoxicillin target normal role

Transpeptidase catalyzes the cross-linking of peptidoglycan precursors in the bacterial cell wall by recognizing the D-Ala-D-Ala moiety in the precursors. This is an important step in ensuring the structure and stability of the bacterial cell wall.

amoxicillin MOA

By irreversibly inhibiting transpeptidase, amoxicillin blocks bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis. This kills or stops the growth of bacteria that can cause upper respiratory infections.

vancomycin target class and location

[no target class], found in bacterial cell wall

vancomycin target normal role

Transpeptidase catalyzes the cross-linking of peptidoglycan precursors in the bacterial cell wall by recognizing the D-Ala-D-Ala moiety in the precursors. This is an important step in ensuring the structure and stability of the bacterial cell wall.