G10 SCIENCE Q1

Some of the active volcanoes are found in the tectonic plate through hotspots.

True

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the diverging plate boundary?

It forms a trench.

Which of the following statements describes the transform -fault plate boundary?

When plate A slide past to plate B in opposite directions.

Continental crust is mainly made up of basalt rocks.

False

Most of the volcanoes found in the Pacific ring of fire are active.

True

Which of the following BEST describes the converging plate boundary?

Two plates collide

Oceanic crust is denser than the continental crust.

True

Earthquake epicentres are mostly concentrated in the margin of every plate boundary where subduction, collision and separation of plates mostly occur.

True

Most of the volcanoes can be found along the edges of tectonic plates.

True

Japan, Philippines and Indonesia are one of the countries under the Pacific region that have many extinct volcanoes.

False

Oceanic crust is commonly found under the ocean floor.

True

The earthquake epicentres are randomly distributed around the world.

False

The Himalayan Mountains is an example of what type of plate boundary?

Converging plate boundary

Continental crust is younger than the oceanic crust.

False

What is the difference between tectonic plates and plate tectonics?

Tectonic plates are the different pieces of the Earth's crust that move around as they float on top of the mantle, while plate tectonics is the process of them moving.

Active volcanoes are randomly distributed around the world.

False

Crust is the outermost layer of the Earth.

True

Australia is one of the countries prone from earthquakes.

False. Australia does not lie in close proximity to a tectonic plate boundary where large earthquakes can occur.

Based on the above, the major landmass of Russia didn't experience earthquakes because neither collision, subduction , nor separation of plates occur in this area.

True

Which of the following types of plate boundaries does the Mid-Atlantic Ocean Ridge belong?

Which of the following types of plate boundaries does the Mid-Atlantic Ocean Ridge belong?

Subduction zones produce earthquake because these are where the two plates separate and form fault.

False

He was a Croatian scientist who recognized the importance of establishing a network of seismometers. He made careful observations of the arrivals of P- and S-waves at his newly-installed stations and noticed that the P-waves that measured more than 200 km away from an earthquake's epicenter and concluded that there is some kind of a boundary between the crust & the mantle.

Andrija Mohorovicic

What happens when continental crust collides to oceanic crust?

The oceanic plate is pushed under the continental plate.

Why is the transform fault boundary described as a conservative boundary?

Because transform fault boundary neither creates nor destroy the Earth's crust as the plates move.

You are an oceanographer and want to map the ocean floor in the northwest part of Africa. The data shows that there is a portion of the ocean floor which is made of younger rocks. Which of the following statement is the BEST explanation of these findings?

As the oceanic plates move away to each other, the magma rises up to occupy the gap and pushes the old ocean floor away from the gap.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the internal structure of the Earth?

The crust is solid, the mantle is semisolid, the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid.

Which of the following is INCORRECT about the formation of volcanoes?

Two oceanic plates sliding past to one another. As it moving side to side, it leaves cracks where magma rises up from the mantle and creates eruption.

What are Island arcs?

These are chains of active volcanoes with intense seismic activity found along convergent tectonic plate boundaries

Which of the following element is the least abundant in the Earth's crust?

Uranium

What does the s-wave shadow zone indicate about the Earth's interior?

The outer core is liquid.

What can you say about the active volcanoes and earthquake epicenters?

Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are much common in the boundary between continent and ocean because the plates are moving and colliding to each other.

Which of the following BEST describes the divergent boundary?

Two plates are moving away from each other.

Why earthquakes are frequently recorded in the Himalayan Mountain area?

The Indian and Eurasian plate collide, fold under enormous pressure and cause fractures that generate earthquakes.

How is the Philippine archipelago formed?

Eurasian, Pacific and Indo-Australian plates collide each other and form a subduction zone. This results to the formation of island arcs and minority islands which is now known as Philippines.

Based on this map, which of the following is TRUE about the distribution of mountain ranges?

Mountain ranges are commonly built along plate boundaries where the plates are colliding with each other.

Which is the BEST example of a transform plate boundary?

The Alpine Fault in New Zealand is a transform plate boundary because the Pacific Plate slides past the Indo Australian Plate.

Which of the following movements of plates show the formation of an island arc?

An oceanic plate subducts when collides with a continental plate

Which are the unique characteristics of the mantle?

It is solid by nature but behaves like liquid.

Which of the following statements below is TRUE about convergent boundary?

It destroys the crust as two plates collide to each other.

Which of the following is FALSE about the outer core?

Outer core is brittle enough to break under stress.

Which of the following statement does NOT describe the lithosphere?

It is where the convection of the molten rock occurs.

Under ideal conditions, the location of earthquakes can be determined with a minimum of three seismographs.

True

P-waves are also called compressional waves.

True

Rayleigh waves are a type of surface wave emanating from earthquakes.

True

Large magnitude earthquakes are terrifying experiences.

True

Tsunamis are barely detectable in the open ocean.

True

Which of the following statements BEST describes the convection current in the mantle?

The hotter and lighter rocks tend to rise while the colder and denser rocks sink.

The greatest magnitude of earthquakes are associated with convergent plate boundaries.

True

Tsunamis are often secondary effects of large or powerful earthquakes.

True

During a large earthquake, you should take cover under a strong table, doorway, or corner of your home.

True

Glaciers are used as evidence of plate movements because these are located at the north and south poles.

False

Which of the following events show the evidence of plate movements?

I. Taal volcano eruption last January 2020

II. Masbate earthquake last August 2020

III. California wildfire last August 2020

IV. Tropical Depression Marce this September 2020

I and II only.

The kinetic energy of heated magma rocks is decreased.

False

In plate movement, cold rocks rise and the relatively hot rocks sink which creates slow vertical currents within the mantle.

False

What happens in slab pull theory?

The denser plate pulls the rest of the plate down with it into the mantle due to its massive weight and pull of gravity.

Why is mesosaurus used as evidence to Alfred Wegener's hypothesis?

Because mesosaurus was a freshwater-reptile that can't swim in a vast ocean between two continents

Does different types of climate in different continents show plate movement?

No

Why did scientists use glossopteris plants as evidence to continental drift theory?

They believed that the glossopteris plants can live only to the continents that have a tropical climate

Why is there NO evidence of ice in the northern continents?

Because it was once a tropical continent located near at the equator

Distribution of fossils in different continents is used in Alfred Wegener's theory

True

What happens when the magma rocks at the lower mantle is heated by the outer core?

The magma rocks become less dense and float onto the Earth's crust.

What is the ridge push theory?

Rocks become denser and older as it moves away from the ridge.

If you are living in a coastal area, how will you ensure that you and your family will be safe from tsunamis when that time comes?

I. Prepare a get-away kit that will last for 3 days when it happens.

II. Leave the place and look for a house who is in the higher inland.

III. Know your place if it is in the higher ground and know the higher place nearby.

IV. Ask the local officials about the risks and local warning arrangements when a tsunami hits.

I, III and IV only

What will you and your family do if an earthquake hits while you are at the vacation penthouse?

Do drop, cover, and hold

Which of the following processes are TRUE about the plate movements?

I. The heated molten rock rises up into the Earth's crust.

II. The denser and older rocks drag the plate into the mantle.

III. The magma rocks become cool and denser as they move away from the ridge.

IV. The molten rocks that reached the surface of the Earth spread and moved away from the ridge.

I, II, III and IV

Why do South America, Antarctica, Africa, Australia and India have glacial deposits?

These continents were once located at the South Pole that had low temperature last 250 million years ago.

Why did Wegener use the continents as plate tectonic evidence?

Because the edge of one continent matches the edge of another continent

If you were on a vacation in a tsunami-prone beach, what preparations should you do to ensure yours and your family's safety if a tsunami appears?

I. Go to the highest area in the community.

II. Learn about tsunami risk in the community.

III. Plan an evacuation route and prepare the essential things.

IV. Familiarize with local tsunami evacuation protocols in the community.

II, III and IV only

What happens to the magma rocks if they reach the Earth's crust?

Magma rocks become dense and start to sink into the mantle.

How does fault line form?

Two continental plates are moving past each other. (transform-plate boundaries)

How do the Himalayan Mountains form?

The Indian and Eurasian plates merge and fold under enormous pressure. (continental to continental in convergence)

What is an example of a converging plate boundary?

Himalayas because the Indo-Australian Plate is colliding with the Eurasian Plate.

What is one fact about seafloor spreading?

Older oceanic crust is slowly pushed away from the ridge.

Why is the Philippines prone to earthquakes?

Because it is located in the Circum-Pacific Belt or The Ring of Fire

What happens when an oceanic crust collides with another oceanic crust?

Old oceanic plate is pushed under the younger oceanic plate.

What three countries are earthquake-prone?

Japan, Philippines, Chile

Which layer of the Earth is semi-fluid and allows tectonic plate movement?

Mantle

The boundary between the Earth's core and mantle is known as the:

Gutenberg Discontinuity

In what direction is the Nazca plate is shifting?

Nazca plate is shifting towards the eastward direction (right side)

Why does the oceanic crust sink beneath the continental crust at the subduction zone?

Because oceanic crust has greater density than the continental crust

How does the Andes mountains form?

It is the result of the subduction after the collision of Nazca and South American plates that causes the formation of a long chain of mountains. (ocean to continental convergence)

Which of the following is the result of the divergent boundary between oceanic plates?

When the two oceanic plates move away from each other, it forms faults.

What happens in the continental-continental convergence?

Neither plate can be pushed beneath the other because they have the same density.

Which of the following is NOT a geologic process that occurs along the convergent plate boundary?

Formation of young oceanic rocks form when two oceanic plates collide and the melted magma that rises up and hardens.

What is the divergent boundary?

An oceanic plate moves away from another oceanic plate.

Which layer of the Earth is responsible for the magnetic field?

Outer core

What is a crucial step in preparing a disaster safety and mitigation plan?

Conducting risk assessments on the environment

The boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle is known as the?

Mohorovičić Discontinuity (Moho)

Why do earthquakes usually occur at plate boundaries?

Rocks in environments near tectonic plate boundaries experienced great stress.

What is the transform-fault boundary?

It refers to the two plates that slide past one another.

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Minimize Financial Hardship?

Step 4

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Reconnect and Restore?

Step 7

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Secure your Space?

1

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Drop, Cove, and Hold On?

5

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Plan to be Safe?

2

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Organize Disaster Supplies?

3

In the Seven Steps of Earthquake Safety, which step is Improve Safety?

6

What percent is water on Earth’s surface?

71%

Water is what percentage of Earth’s total mass?

0.5%

What are the compositional layers of the Earth?

Crust, Mantle, Core