Chapter 4-Integumentary system cards

acne

inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces pimples on the skin.

albinism

inherited condition that prevents the normal production of melanin, resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair.

allergy skin test

checks for immediate allergic reactions

alopecia

An inherited condition that prevents the normal production of melanin, resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair.

anesthetic

a substance that induces insensitivity to pain.

antibiotic

medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals.

antifungal

medicines that kill or stop the growth of fungi (the plural of fungus) that cause infections

antipruritic

used to relieve itching.

antiviral

medications that help your body fight off certain viruses that can cause disease.

arrector pill

a  small band of smooth muscle that connects the hair follicle to the connective tissue of the basement membrane.

autograft

a graft of tissue from one point to another of the same individual's body.

basal cell carcinoma

type of skin cancer that begins in the basal cells.

basal layer

innermost layer of dermis

biologic

large molecules produced in living cells. 

biopsy

a procedure to remove a piece of tissue or a sample of cells from your body so that it can be tested in a laboratory.

blepharoplasty

a surgical rejuvenating procedure that may be performed on the upper and/or lower eyelids. 

burns

Damage to the skin or deeper tissues caused by sun, hot liquids, fire, electricity, or chemicals.

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cauterization

a medical practice or technique of burning a part of a body to remove or close off a part of it. 

chemical peel

technique used to improve and smooth the texture of the skin

cicatrix

the __scar__ of a __healed__ wound.

collagen

the most abundant protein in your body

corticosteroid

an anti-inflammatory medicine

cryosurgery

freezes tissue, causing cells in the treated area to die.

curettage

the use of a curette, especially on the lining of the uterus.

cuticle

protective and waxy or hard layer covering the epidermis of a plant, invertebrate, or shell.

cyanosis

abnormal blue coloring of the skin

cyst

a small pocket of tissue filled with fluid, pus, or other substances.

debridement

the removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound.

dermabrasion

the removal of the top layers of the skin

dermatologist

specializes in conditions that affect the skin, hair, and nails.

dermatology technician

clinical professional who works alongside a physician who specializes in dermatology

dermatoplasty

any surgical operation on the skin, esp skin grafting.

dermis

the skin

ecchymosis

a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

eczema

a  common skin condition that causes itchiness, rashes, dry patches, and infection.

epidermis

the surface epithelium of the skin, overlying the dermis.

epithelial tissue

form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands. 

excisional biopsy

the process of completely removing a solitary skin lesion

exfoliative cytology

a branch of cytology in which the cells that a pathologist examines are either “shed” by your body naturally or are manually scraped or brushed (exfoliated) from the surface of your tissue.

first-degree burn

a superficial burn, only affects the epidermis, or outer layer of skin

fissure

a long, narrow opening or line of breakage made by cracking or splitting, especially in rock or earth.

gangrene

dangerous and potentially fatal condition that happens when the blood flow to a large area of tissue is cut off

gland

an organ in the human or animal body which secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body or for discharge into the surroundings.

hair follicles

structures within your skin that grow your hair.

hair shaft

the visible part of the hair that sticks out of the skin.

immunosuppressant

class of medicines that inhibit or decrease the intensity of the immune response in the body.

impetigo

common and highly contagious skin infection that causes sores and blisters. 

incision and drainage

the primary treatment for skin and soft tissue abscesses, with or without adjunctive antibiotic therapy

incisional biopsy

when a small cut (incision) is made into an area of abnormal tissue and a small piece of it is removed from the body

integumentary system

bodies outer layer

intradermal skin test

another method of skin testing to help determine whether an individual is allergic to a specific allergen

kaposi’s sarcoma

disease in which cancer cells are found in the skin or mucous membranes that line the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, from mouth to anus, including the stomach and intestines

keloid

firm, rubbery nodules in an area of prior injury to the skin.

keratin

protein that helps form hair, nails and your skin's outer layer (epidermis)

laser therapy

non-invasive procedure that uses light energy to repair and regenerate damaged skin. 

lesions, cancerous

region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease, such as a wound, ulcer, abscess, or tumor

lipectomy

surgical removal of fatty tissue

lipids

any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. 

lipocytes

fat-storing cell found in the liver

liposuction

surgery that uses suction to remove fat from specific areas of the body

lunula

the white area at the base of a fingernail.

macule

a small patch of skin that is altered in colour, but is not elevated. 

malignant melanoma

a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in melanocytes (cells that color the skin)

melanin

dark brown to black pigment occurring in the hair, skin, and iris of the eye in people and animals. It is responsible for tanning of skin exposed to sunlight.

melanocytes

melanin-producing neural crest-derived cells

mohs surgery

method for treating skin cancer lesions

mucous membrane

an epithelial tissue which secretes mucus, and lines many body cavities and tubular organs including the gut and respiratory passages.

nail plate

acts as protection from trauma to the outer half of the distal digit, as a pressure plate to amplify fine touch perception in underlying structures, and as an extension of the distal digit.

nail root

the portion of the nail found under the surface of the skin at the near (or proximal) end of the nail

nails

accessory organs of the skin

needle biopsy

is a procedure to obtain a sample of cells from your body for laboratory testing

nevus

a birthmark or a mole on the skin, especially a birthmark in the form of a raised red patch.

nodule

a growth of abnormal tissue

oral drugs

solid tablets, capsules, chewable tablets or orally disintegrating tablets to be swallowed whole or sucked – or as a liquid in the form of drops, syrups or solutions

papule

small, raised, solid pimple or swelling, often forming part of a rash on the skin and typically inflamed but not producing pus.

perspiration

the process of __sweating__.

petechiae

pinpoint, round spots that form on the skin

polyp

a small growth of excess tissue that often grows on the lining of the large intestine, also known as the colon.

psoriasis

a skin disease that causes a rash with itchy, scaly patches, most commonly on the knees, elbows, trunk and scalp.

punch biopsy

a round-tipped cutting tool is used to remove a small core of skin, including deeper layers

purpura

occurs when small blood vessels leak blood under the skin.

pustule

small blister or pimple on the skin containing pus.

rhytidectomy

surgical procedure aiming to reposition facial soft tissues to achieve a more youthful and harmonious appearance

scabies

parasitic infestation caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin and lay eggs, causing intense itching and a rash

scleroderma

rare, chronic autoimmune disease that affects skin and internal organs.

sclerotherapy

involves injecting a chemical solution directly into the varicose or spider vein.

scratch test

checks for immediate allergic reactions to as many as 50 different substances at once

sebaceous glands

small gland in the skin which secretes a lubricating oily matter (sebum) into the hair follicles to lubricate the skin and hair

sebum

an oily substance produced in the sebaceous glands.

second-degree burn

this type of burn affects both the epidermis and the second layer of skin (dermis)

squamous cell carcinoma

a common type of skin cancer

stratified squamous epithelium

has protective functions, including protection against microorganisms from invading underlying tissue and/or protection against water loss

subcutaneous layer

the deepest layer of your skin

sweat glands

appendages of the integument

systemic lupus erythematosus

an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs

third-degree burn

destroys your first three layers of skin and fatty tissue

tinea

 a fungal infection of the skin also known as ringworm

tropical drugs

a branch of medicine that deals with communicable and noncommunicable diseases in the tropics.

transdermal drugs

a drug is placed on top of the skin, where it is absorbed into the bloodstream

ulcer

an open sore on an external or internal surface of the body, caused by a break in the skin or mucous membrane that fails to heal.