Notes from things Dr ping said in class (copy)

exam 2 material

where are the bile acids stored?

gallbladder

what anchors the stomach to stomach?

lesser omentum

what is the main function of the liver?

metabolism

what capillary is found in the liver?

sinusoid

central vein is a _________ of the hepatic vein

branch

T or F: bile acids are made by gallbladder

False - they are stored in the gallbladder

T or F : bile acids are made in the liver

True

what is the basic unit of the liver?

lobule

what is the basic unit of the respiratory zone?

alveolus

what is the basic unit of the whole lung?

BP segments

does blood flow from central vein to portal vein or portal vein to central vein?

blood flows from portal to central

H2CO3 is found in chyme T or F

false

in which part of the stomach is acid mainly found

in the body of the stomach

which part of the stomach makes gastrin?

pylorus

is chyme acidic or basic?

acidic

what is formed within parietal cells

H2CO3

? what is secreted out of parietal cells

HCL

is the vagus nerve autonomic or somatic?

autonomic

which enzyme does HCL activate?

pepsinogen

what is the smallest part of the SI?

duodenum

what does the duodenum run with?

pancreas

what cavity is the pancreas in?

retroperitoneal

which of the following segments gets bile acids / pancreatic juice?

duodenum

bile acids and pancreatic juice enter duodenum through?

major duodenal papilla

which organ digests the most fat?

the small intestine ( jejunum )

which organ digest the second most fat ?

the stomach

T or F : pepsinogen digests protein

False

T or F you can measure gastrin in the stomach

False; in the blood

T or F gastrin exists in chyme ?

false

where in the stomach are the parietal /chief cells located?

body

where in the stomach are G cells ?

pylorus

where is the start of protein/fat digestion

stomach

T or F : the start of carbohydrate digestion is in the stomach

false - in the mouth

out of amylase, pepsin, and lipase which does final digestion?

lipase

T or F : chyme is made by stomach

true

what happens to Ph with vagus nerve stimulation

it decreases

where is the border between skeletal and smooth muscle between mouth and GI tract

middle of esophagus

where is the boarder between the epithelium of mouth and GI tract

between esophagus and stomach

what organ makes food become chyme?

stomach

what is the name for the valves of the stomach

sphincters

T or F mesentary is transparent

true

T or F the stomach makes lots of basic materials

false

which layer of the stomach would get penetrated by a knife first?

serosa

T or F HCL is stronger than carbonic acid

true

T or F parietal cells make up carbonic acid

true

T or F parietal cells secrete carbonic acid

false

what are the largest cells in the stomach

parietal

what does ogen mean?

inactive form

what digests protein

pepsin

along with parietal cells, what else makes lipase?

von ebner glands

which lung gets blocked easier

right

what is another name for tertiary bronchus

segmental

what is the end of a bronchiole called?

terminal

what epithelium do trachea and bronchus have?

pseudostratified columnar

what epithelium does bronchiole have?

simple cuboidal

what epithelium does the respiratory zone have?

simple squamous

what epithelium does the nose,pharynx and larynx made of

stratified squamous

T or F respiratory bronchiole and terminal bronchiole connect directly

true

what is on the surface of the lung?

visceral pleura

type 1 pneumocytes is the most in number

false - least in number covers the most surface

which cells does covid19 attack first

type 2 cells

T/F bronchioles have cartilage

false

T/F bronchus have cartilage

true

why is cartilage in the trachea C- shaped

so food can pass through esophagus

Dr finds knife in trachea, which layer is damaged first

adventitia

what part of the lower respiratory zone is dead space

trachea

what part of the lower respiratory zone does external respiration

alveoli ( respiratory zone)

what is the membrane that covers the lungs

pleura

which part of the lower respiratory system exchanges with capillaries

alveoli

what type of cartilage is larynx

hyaline

T/F pharynx has cartilage

false

epiglottis closes to prevent food into the larynx T/F

true

where are the vocal cords located

in the larynx

what epithelium is in the nose and mouth

stratified squamous

what is underneath the vocal cords

trachea

T/F trachea exchanges oxygen

false

what keeps the cell of the baby from the cell of the mom

placenta

T/F ventilation means oxygen goes to capillary

false

which respiration involves leaving capillaries

internal

which respiration involves coming into capillaries

external

T/F pharynx/larynx do external respiration

false

which 2 places have elastic cartilage

ear / epiglottis

when we swallow what does the epiglottis do?

close

T/F pharynx is movable

False

what prevents food from getting into the trachea

vocal cords

what prevents food from getting into the larynx

epiglottis

what does endotracheal tube go into

trachea

inside or outside of trachea has bacteria?

inside

what is posterior of trachea?

esophagus

T/F RBCs have a nucleus

False

T/F antibodies are in the plasma

true

T/F antigens are on the RBC surface

true

what type of tissue is blood?

atypical connective tissue

if a patient is type A and they get plasma transfusion of AntiB antibodies will they die?

no

universal cell donor

O

universal plasma donor

AB

universal cell recipient

AB

plasma universal recipient

O

what defines our ABO blood type

genes from mom and dad

what does RH stand for

Rhesus