Parasitology Final

A parasite that wanders into an organ in which it does not normally live

aberrant parasite

Parasitism by an internal parasite

endoparasite

Type of parasitism that does not cause outward signs of disease

parasitiasis

Type of parasitism that does cause outward signs of disease

parasitosis

All parasites have the same life cycle

false

pseudoparasite

Most common pseudoparasite

pollen grain

This life cycle has no intermediate host

direct

This is the infective stage of Strongyloides spp.

L3

The size of a fecal sample

size of a thumb

This covers the exterior body of nematodes extending into all body openings

cuticle

This refers to laying eggs containing a morula stage within the eggshell

oviparous

This produces the cuticle

hypodermis

This allows nematodes to move

somatic muscular layer

Host is a cat

Ancylostoma tubaeforme

Host is dog or cat

Toxocara leonina

Host is raccoon

Baylisascaris procyonis

Host is dog or cat

Ancylostoma braziliense

How long a fecal sample can be refrigerated

up to 24 hrs

With a fecal float, how long is it left undisturbed

10-20 minutes

With a fecal centrifugation, how long is the coverslip left undisturbed

20-30 minutes

Relationship where one organism benefits and the other neither benefits or is harmed

commensalism

This parasite secretes anticoagulant and feeding on blood causes anemia

Ancylostoma spp.

This is a parasite that infects a host is doesn't normally infect

incidental parasite

An example of zoonotic parasite (especially to pregnant women)

Toxoplasma gondii

Type of egg

Spirurid

Type of egg

Trichostrongyle

Type of egg

Ascarid

Type of egg

Trichurid

Type of larva

Lungworm

Type of larva

Microfilariae

Type of larva

Dracunculoid

Every parasite life cycle has at least 1 definitive host and/or 1 or more intermediate host

true

This harbors the adult, sexual, and mature stage of parasite

Definitive

This harbors the larval, juvenile, immature, and asexual stage of parasite

Intermediate

This refers to a parasite with only one type of host

Homoxenous

This refers to a parasite with a broad range of host

Euryxenous

Nematode life stage that's most harmful

larval and adult

How do tapeworms get their nutrients

tegument

Largest nematode that infects the right kidney

Dioctophyma renale

What type of organism are nematodes

multicellular

What does Toxocara spp. cause in humans

visceral larval margins

How is the raccoon roundworm transmitted

ingestion of eggs

Ancylostoma spp. is transmitted

through the skin, across placenta, through mammary milk, and ingestion of L3 larvae

Gross examination of feces saying "soft, watery, hard" would be

consistency

Lens power to start micro fecal examination

10x

What rpm do you centrifuge fecal float on

1500

Blood smears commonly identify microfilaria due to being in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries

Dirofilaria immitis

This causes neurological larval margins in humans

Baylisascaris procyonis

This parasite causes Strongyloidiasis in humans

Strongyloides spp.

This is not an antinematode (Benzimidazole)

epsiprantel

Common name for Pyrantel pamoate

Nemex

What antinematodal is effective only against ascarids type eggs

Piperazine

DOES NOT infect carnivores

Enterobius vermicularis

Found on fecal float of cattle with large eggs

Nematodirus and Marshallagia spp.

Largest nematode of horses

Parascaris equorum

Found of cellophane tape prep of horses

Oxyuris equi

Found on fecal float of pigs
- treatment: hydromycin, benzimidazole, lavemisole, ivermectin, pyrantel, piperazine

Ascaris suum

What strongyle egg in horse is the most pathogenic

large

Name of the pinworm that only infects mice

Aspiculuris tetraptera

Name of the pinworm of rabbits

Passalurus ambiguus

This parasite presents signs of THUMPS

Ascaris suum

This parasite is not killed by freezing

Trichinella spp.

Whipworms pass through feces every what day

3rd

This is one of the hosts of Ascarids

love birds

Nematode drugs end in

azole

Clinical signs of whipworms

diarrhea, anemia

- Host: canine
passed every 3rd day
- L1 = infective stage
- Clinical signs = anemia, diarrhea, mucus covered stool

Trichuris vulpis

- Feline whipworms
- Rare in North America

Trichuris campanula, Trichuris serrata

- Host: cattle, sheep, goats
- Treatment: benzimidazole, probenzimidazoles, ivermectin

Trichuris ovis

- Host: pigs
- Treatment: dichlorvos (feed additive), levamisole, fenbendazole

Trichuris suis

- Host: canine and feline
- confused with Trichuris eggs; but smaller and lighter
- treatment: benzimidazole and ivermectin

Eucoleus spp.

- Host: canine and feline
- location: trachea and bronchi
- inflammatory response

Eucoleus areophilus

- host: canine
- location: nasal cavity, frontal sinus
- obstruction

Eucoleus boehmi

- host: pheasants, peafowl
- poultry capillarid
- paratenic host: earthworm
- location: crop, upper alimentary tract
- signs: inflammation
- treatment: ivermectin

Capillaria spp.

host: mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils

Syphacia obvelata

- host: mice
- not tape prep; fecal float or direct smear

Aspiculuris tetraptera

- host: gerbils
- fecal float

Dentostomella translucida

- host: rabbits
- nonpathogenic (feeds on bacteria)

Passalurus ambiguus

- ascarid of guinea pigs
- treatment: piperazine

Paraspidodera unicanta

Ascaridia species hosts

love birds, cockatiels, macaws, waterfowl, parakeets

Common dewormers

fenbendazole, ivermectin, levamisole

- host: cattle, sheep, goats
- tricky identification
- most common nematode diagnosed on fecal floats of ruminants

HOT complex

- large strongyles = more pathogenic
- vulgaris = associated with thrombi in mesenteric artery

Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus edentaus, Strongylus equinus

- threadworm of pigs
- transmitted transmammary and percutaneous

Strongyloides ransomi

- intestinal threadworm of horses
- tranmission through mammary colostrum and larval penetration through skin
- only parasitic females

Strongyloides westeri

- feline lungworm
- bronchioles and alveolar ducts
- obstruction
- Baermann technique or fecal float

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

- swine lungworm
- bronchi and bronchioles
- cough, reduced growth rate, unthriftiness, partial airway obstruction

Megastrongylus elongatus

Which proglotid is farthest from the scolex

gravid

What is the scolex

head

This word describes the reproductive system of a tapeworm

hermaphroditic

How many suckers do eucestodes contain

4

What are eucestoda suckers called

acetabula

How many suckers do cotyloda species have

0

This is the attachment organelle of cotyloda

bothria

What parasite is considered an important cotyloda species

Diphyllobothrium latum

Common name for Spirometra spp

zipper tapeworm

egg type

Pyriform apparatus

egg type

Pseudophyllidean

egg type

Taenia