OB/GYN

amni/o

amnion

cervic/o

neck, cervix

chori/o

chorion

colp/o

vagina

embry/o

embryo

episi/o

vulva

fet/o

fetus

gynec/o

female

hyster/o

uterus

lact/o

milk

lapar/o

abdomen

mamm/o

breast

mast/o

breast

men/o

menses, menstruation

metr/o

uterus

nat/o

birth

o/o

ovum

oophor/o

ovary

ovari/o

ovary

salping/o

fallopian tube

uter/o

uterus

vagin/o

vagina

carcin/o

cancer

cyst/o

urinary bladder, sac

fibr/o

fibrous

hem/o

blood

olig/o

scanty

or/o

mouth

pelv/o

pelvis

rect/o

rectum

tox/o

poison

atresia

lack of normal body opening; for example, hysteratresia is closing of cervix, usually from scarring

cervical cancer

malignant tumor of cervix; some cases caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), sexually transmitted virus for which there is now vaccine; regular Pap smear used for early detection

cystocele

hernia or outpouching of bladder protrudes into vagina; can cause urinary frequency and urgency and block vagina

dilation and curettage

surgical procedure consisting of widening cervix and scraping or suctioning out endometrial lining of uterus; often performed after spontaneous abortion or to stop excessive bleeding from other causes

ectopic pregnancy

pregnancy outside the uterus, usually in the uterine tubes; the growing fetus will rupture the uterine tube requiring a salpingectomy; also called salpingocyesis

endometriosis

condition when endometrial tissue appears throughout the pelvic or abdominal cavity; causes recurring pain scarring

fibroid tumor

benign tumor of fiberlike tissue; the most common type of tumor in women

fistula

abnormal passageway between two structures; vesicovaginal fistula is between the urinary bladder and the vagina; rectovaginal fistula is between the rectum and the vagina

hemolytic disease of the newborn

condition developing in fetus when mother's blood type is Rh-negative and baby's blood is Rh-positive; antibodies in mother's blood enter fetus' bloodstream through placenta and destroy fetus' red blood cells; causes anemia, jaundice, and enlargement of spleen; treated with intrauterine blood transfusion; also called erythroblastosis fetalis

Papanicolaou smear

test for early detection of cervical cancer; named after developer George Papanicolaou, a Greek physician; cells are removed from cervix by simple scraping and examined under microscope

pelvic inflammatory disease

chronic or acute infection, usually bacterial, that ascends through female reproductive tract and out into pelvic cavity; can result in scarring that interferes with fertility

placenta previa

placenta forms in lower portion of uterus and blocks birth canal; can require C-section for delivery

premature birth

birth of fetus before 37 weeks of gestation

rectocele

occurs when vaginal wall becomes thinner, allowing rectum to press against it enough to create a bulge into vagina; may be large enough to block vagina

tubal ligation

surgical tying off of uterine tubes to prevent pregnancy

first pregnancy

GI, grav I

hormone replacement therapy

HRT

in vitro fertilization

IVF

first birth

PI, para I

total abdominal hysterectomy-bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

TAH-BSO

amniotic

pertaining to the amnion

amniotomy

cutting into the amnion

amniorrhea

discharge of amniotic (fluid)

amniocentesis

puncture of amnion to withdraw fluid

amniorrhexis

rupture of the amnion

Cervical

pertaining to the cervix

cervicectomy

surgical removal of the cervix

cervicitis

inflammation of the cervix

endocervicitis

inflammation within the cervix

cervicoplasty

surgical repair of cervix

chorionic

pertaining to the chorion

choriocarcinoma

cancerous tumor of the chorion

colposcope

instrument for viewing vagina

colposcopy

process of visually examining vagina

colpectomy

surgical removal of the vagina

colporrhaphy

suture of the vagina

pseudocyesis

false pregnancy

salpingocyesis

pregnancy in uterine tube

embryonic

pertaining to embryo

embryogenic

producing an embryo

Embryology

study of embryo

episiorrhaphy

suture of the vulva

episioplasty

surgical repair of vulva

episiotomy

cutting into vulva

fetal

pertaining to the fetus

fetometry

process of measuring fetus

fetoscope

instrument for viewing fetus

Fetoscopy

process of visually examining fetus

nulligravida

no pregnancies

primigravida

first pregnancy

multigravida

many pregnancies

hysteropexy

surgical fixation of the uterus

hysterorrhexis

rupture of the uterus

hysterectomy

surgical removal of the uterus

hysterography

process of recording uterus

hysterogram

record of uterus

laparotomy

cutting into abdomen

laparoscope

instrument for viewing abdomen

laparoscopy

process of visually examining the abdomen

Mammary

pertaining to the breast

mammogram

record of the breast

mammography

process of recording breast

mammoplasty

surgical repair of the breast

mastalgia

breast pain

mastitis

inflammation of the breast

mastectomy

surgical removal of a breast

amenorrhea

without menstrual discharge

dysmenorrhea

painful menstrual discharge

oligmenorrhea

scanty menstrual discharge