US History Final

What was the name of the leader that transformed the Soviet Union from a rural agricultural nation into an industrial military power?

Joseph Stalin

What is the definition of genocide? What groups of people was genocide used on by the Nazis in World War II?

the deliberate extermination of a specific group of people \-- Jewish, Gypsies, Polish

Which of the following did Churchill support or oppose: The Lend-Lease Act, The Atlantic Charter, The Munich Pact, and The Treaty of Versailles?

Opposed the Munich Pact \-- supported the Atlantic Charter

Which group of people suffered at least 6 million deaths during the Holocaust?

Jews

What is appeasement and give an example?

submitting to the demands of someone in order to avoid war or other consequences \-- the Munich agreement

What happened to most of the new democracies created at the end of WWI in the years before WWII?

they were replaced by dictatorships

What was Battle of Britain and who won?

an air battle that took place over Britain between the Germans and the British as the Germans bombed British targets \-- the British won

What event allowed the militarist to gain control of the Japanese government?

the invasion of Manchuria

What did the Lend-Lease Act allow FDR to do?

this act allowed FDR to provide arms to certain foreign countries

Who is George Patton and what famous thing did he do in France?

he was a general in the U.S. Army \-- he led the third Army into Paris to liberate Paris from German occupation

What was the importance of the Battle of the Bulge?

the last German offensive of the war

What was D-Day?

the codename for the Allied invasion of Nazi occupied Europe

What was V-E Day?

victory in Europe Day which was May 8, 1945 when Germany surrendered

Who was Douglas MacArthur and what famous thing did he say?

he was a military officer in the Philippines and the general in charge of the Pacific \-- he said "I shall return"

Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb?

he wanted to end the war and save American lives

Who were the Nisei and what happened to them in WWII?

they were Japanese people born in this country of parents who emigrated from Japan \-- they were interned in the relocation camps \-- they were allowed to fight in Europe for the United States

Who was this Supreme Allied Commander of US forces in Europe?

Dwight D. Eisenhower

What were some of the rights given to GIs under the G.I. Bill of Rights?

help in getting college education from the government \-- low interest loans to start businesses \-- special loans to buy homes \-- training for veterans

What were the "zoot-suit" riots in Los Angeles?

these were the racial violence between the Mexican-Americans and the whites in California

What was the main goal of the Truman Doctrine?

to restrict the spread of communism in Europe

What did the Soviet Union do when the Western Nations tried to reunite Germany?

The Soviet Union blockaded any travel into West Berlin by land

Between 1944 and 1947: who were the leaders of the Nationalist Chinese and the Chinese Communist, what parts of China did each rule, what foreign country did each get their aid from, and who did the peasants support?

Mao Zedong led the Communist Chinese \-- Chiang Kai-shek led the Nationalist Chinese \-- the Nationalist Chinese ruled the southern and eastern regions of China \-- the Communist Chinese ruled the northern and western regions of China

How did the Korean War end?

North and South Korea were still divided along the 38th parallel

What did Khrushchev do concerning Eisenhower and Gary Powers after the U-2 incident?

he canceled the summit conference on the arms race - he cancelled his invitation for Eisenhower to visit the Soviet Union - he did release Gary Powers after about 18 months in prison

What did the Soviet Union do that made the U.S. work harder on developing the hydrogen bomb?

the Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb

Who was J. Strom Thurmond?

the Dixiecrat presidential candidate in 1948

What effect did the conversion from wartime to a peacetime economy have on wages, employment, inflation, and amount of goods versus the demand in the U.S.?

increased unemployment \-- inflation \-- decreased wages \-- demand exceeded the supply of goods

The dramatic increase in car ownership in the 1950's increased the gap between what two groups, did what to pollution, did what to visits to national parks, and brought about what act being passed by Congress?

the widening gap between the middle class and the poor \-- resulted also in noise pollution \-- resulted also in the Interstate Highway act \-- increased use of the National Parks

Why were the television shows of the 1950's criticized?

people said they portrayed an idealized society

How did adults view the beat movement and rock 'n' roll during the 1950's?

adults viewed it as rebellion by teenagers

Who was John F. Kennedy?

the Democratic nominee for president in 1960 \-- assassinated in 1963

What job did Robert Kennedy have in John F. Kennedy's administration?

the attorney general

What was the Peace Corps and who proposed it?

it was a program of volunteers to assist people in developing countries \-- John F. Kennedy proposed it

Who was Lyndon Baines Johnson?

he was the vice president under John F. Kennedy who became president upon Kennedy's assassination

What was Medicare supposed to provide for Americans over the age of 65?

it provided health insurance

Give three things that were part of Kennedy's New Frontier initiatives.

expansion of the military \-- acceleration of the space program \-- the Peace Corps

How did the US react to Russia's putting the first man into space?

a lot of money was put into space program and math and science in schools \-- this was to keep us from not losing the space race

What did conservatives think of Johnson's Great Society initiatives?

Conservatives attacked Johnson's great Society initiatives \-- this resulted in a conservative backlash across the country

Where was segregation made illegal by the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

in public accommodations

What could federal officers do as a result of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

they could register voters

What did the case of Brown versus Board of Education change?

separate but equal was declared unconstitutional

What was the first organized movement by African-Americans in their fight to end segregation?

the Montgomery Bus Boycott

What organization was Martin Luther King Jr. the first president of an also helped to found?

Southern Christian leadership conference

Why did thousands of white college students go South during the summer of 1964?

to register African American voters in the state of Mississippi

What was Malcolm X's approach to civil rights?

he preached a militant approach to civil rights brought about because of the frustration over a lack of social and economic power of blacks

What was United States main goal that they tried to accomplish in Vietnam?

Containing the spread of communism \-- based on the domino theory

Who was William Westmoreland?

he was the commander of US troops in Vietnam

What were the important happenings in 1968?

The assassination of Robert Kennedy \-- the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. \-- the Tet Offensive

What was the main reason that Congress passed the War Powers Act?

to restrict the power of the United States president

What effect did the Tet Offensive have on the Vietnam War?

It convinced the American public that the war was not winnable

Who was the peace candidate in the 1968 presidential campaign?

Eugene McCarthy

What did President Nixon mean when he said "peace with honor" in Vietnam?

having the South Vietnamese take over the running of the war in the fighting \-- also called the Vietnamization of the war

Who was Cesar Chavez?

a union organizer who use nonviolent means to organize Mexican-American migrant farm workers

What act made the modern feminist movement more organized and focused?

passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Who made up most of the members of the counterculture movement?

white, middle-class college youth

Who was Betty Friedan?

author of The Feminine Mystique

What weakened the counterculture movement?

violent incidents \-- effects of drug use \-- dependency on mainstream America

Whom did the Conservatives blame for the increasing permissiveness in American society?

campus rebels and counterculture

What is OPEC and what did they do in 1973?

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries \-- they cut off the supply of oil to the United States

What country did Nixon visit in 1972 to begin to normalize relations between them and us?

China

Who were Nixon's closest advisers?

H.R. Haldeman \-- John Ehrlichman \-- John Mitchell \-- John W. Dean III

Name who became president and vice president after Nixon's resignation.

Gerald Ford became president and Rockefeller became vice president

What was a major item that President Carter wanted in his foreign policy?

Human rights

What two countries signed the Camp David Accords?

Israel and Egypt

Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring pointed out the effects of what?

pesticides

What was the most lasting effect of the Watergate Scandal on the American people?

public distrust about the government

What did the reports on education in the 1980s reveal?

that United States' schools were performing worse than those of most other industrialized countries

During Ronald Reagan's presidency he said he would cut spending but what did he increase spending on?

defense and the military

Who were the two political candidates that ran for president in 1988?

George H. W. Bush and Michael Dukakis

What was the government program known as Star Wars?

a national defense system based on satellites in space

What was the reason that Ronald Reagan wanted tax cuts?

to stimulate private investment

Who was Sandra Day O'Conner?

the first woman ever appointed to the Supreme Court

What was Perestroika in the Soviet Union?

a restruction of the Soviet economy and government

Based on whose predictions did Al Gore at first concede defeat in the Florida election?

the television networks

What was Proposition 187 in California?

this was to cut off education and health benefits to illegal immigrants

Which presidents of the United States have been impeached by the House?

Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton

What was one of the first major items that George W. Bush wanted Congress to pass concerning people and their finances?

Tax cuts

What act made it possible for movie, television, and newspaper companies to form into large conglomerates?

the telecommunications act of 1996

How many votes separated Bush and Gore in the Florida election?

a relatively small number of votes

What would illegal immigrants do for work and where do most of them come from?

they take the lowest paying jobs and came from Central America

Where on the conservative to liberal scale would President Bill Clinton be placed?

conservative liberal

On what date were the twin towers in New York destroyed by airplanes crashing into them?

September 11, 2001

What President sent troops into Desert Storm?

George H.W. Bush

Who was elected president in 2008?

Barack Obama

Who was the first son of a president that was elected to two terms as a president?

George W. Bush

What former presidential candidate is famous for handling environmental issues such as global warming?

Al Gore

What has replaced paper ballots over the last 15 years and resulted in a lot of controversy on vote counting?

voting machines

Who was the leader of Iraq that was removed from power and the second Gulf War?

Saddam Hussein

Who is the leader of Al Qaeda?

Osama bin Laden

What state is famous for "stand your ground" gun laws?

Florida

The treatment of African-Americans by policemen resulted in the beginning of what movement and protests?

Black Lives Matter

Who became the 45th president and in what year was the election?

Donald Trump, 2016

Who was the first woman to run for president and in what year?

Hillary Clinton, 2016

With what country did President Obama resume normal relations by reopening the U.S. Embassy in that country?

Cuba

At what marathon did three people die and others get injured because of explosions at the finish line?

The Boston Marathon bombing

Who leaked classified U.S. government surveillance program documents to the public?

Edward Joseph Snowden

In what state did the Sandy Hook elementary school shooting take place?

Conneticut

In what country did the U.S. consulate in Benghazi get stormed and the ambassador die

Libya

In what year and in what body of water did the BP oil rig burn causing the largest oil spill in U.S. history?

2010, Gulf of Mexico

Who was the first African-American to be elected president of the United States and in what year did he take the oath of office?

Barack Obama