CBA Review

where does transcription occur?

nucleus

is mitochonrdia in prokaryotic or eukaryotic or both?

eukaryotic

any change in the sequence of DNA is -

mutation

put the following in order:

cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides

the process to go from DNA to mRNA is -

transcription

90% sugar outside of cell

10% sugar inside cell

where will water move?

outside of cell

what is a characteristic of protein?

made up of amino acids and regulate cellular processes

in what process is mRNA synthesized?

transcription

Biomolecule

molecules found in living organisms

Macromolecule

large molecule formed by smaller molecules

Polymer

many monomers linked together

monomer

small chemical unit that makes up a polymer

denature

destroy

active site

the part of an enzyme where the substrate binds

activation energy

amount of energy needed to perform a chemical reaction

substrate

The reactant on which an enzyme works

Carbohydrate function

short term energy

monosaccharide

Carbohydrate monomer

long term energy storage

lipid function

carbohydrate elements

CHO (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

bread, pasta, glucose, rice

carbohydrate examples

long term energy, insulation, component of the plasma membrane

lipids

lactase, lipase

enzyme examples

which biomolecule is your main source of energy?

carbohydrate

lipid monomer

fatty acids and glycerol

lipid elements

CHO (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

oils, waxes, fats

examples of lipids

carbon rings

structure of carbohydrates

polysaccharide

Carbohydrates made up of more than two monosaccharides

long chains of carbons

lipid

meat, fish, hummus, nuts, seeds, beans, hair, nails, fur

protein examples

protein elements

CHON, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

protein monomer

amino acids

protein is also called

polypeptide

DNA and RNA

nucleic acids

nucleic acid function

stores genetic information

nucleic acid elements

CHONP, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

nucleic acid examples

DNA and RNA

nucleotides are made up of

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

enzymes are -

catalysts

catalysts

speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy

ase

enzyme

ose

carb, sugar

biological blue print

DNA

genetic materials

DNA

double helix

shape of dna

RNA

single strand with ribose

RNA nitrogen bases

A, C, G, U

DNA's biomolecules

nucleic acids

DNA's monomers

nucleotides

what are the DNA sides made out of?

sugar and phosphate

what are the molecules that make up the ladder of DNA?

a,t,c,g nitrogen bases

hydrogen bonds

weak bonds that hold the strands of DNA together

enzymes ____ (speed or slow) chemical reactions

speed

optimum

best/ideal

what denatures an enzyme?

Excessive temperature and pH

storage molecules

fats

cellulose

carbohydrate

plasma membrane

lipid

RNA's base

Uracil

monomers

bond to make a polymer

how are carbohydrates and lipids familiar?

they are both sources of energy

what reduces the activation energy in a chemical reaction?

enzymes

how are lipids and carbohydrates different?

lipids are long term energy, carbohydrates are short term energy

different shapes equals...

different functions

lock and key means

enzymes will fit one specific substrate

guanine bonds with

cytosine

adenine bonds with

Thymine

aiding reactions

protein

what is your main source of energy?

carbohydrates

what is the function of nucleic acid?

it stores genetic information

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen are elements in what biomolecule?

protein

what is most likely to result if an inhibitor is bound to an enzyme?

the substrate cannot bond

subunits

monomer

enzymes are

protein

what are lactose intolerant people lacking?

lactase

good luck

thank you

triglyceride is made up of -

3 fatty acids and one glycerol

when an enzyme binds to its substrate, it forms:

enzyme-substrate complex

modifies macromolecules produced by the cell

golgi apparatus

atom

smallest part of an element

molecule

smallest part of a compound

macromolecule

polymers of biomolecules

enzymes can be affected by -

temperate, pH, amount of substrate

anton van leeuwenhoek, rudolf virchow, matthias schliden, robert hooke, and theodor schwann did what?

made the cell theory

what biomolecule looks like an 'E'?

lipids

what biomolecule has an 'R' on the label?

protein

permeable

allowing stuff to flow through

semipermeable

selectively permeable

what type of cell is Euglena?

eukaryotic

nervous, epithelial, muscle, and connective are examples of what?

tissue

what all can be found in the nucleus?

DNA and genes, chromosomes, hereditary material, genetic information

nucleotide structure -

phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base, hydrogen bond

photosynthesis occurs in the _____ of the cell

chloroplasts

___ __energy of the sun is turned into__ __ energy of glucose

radiant, chemical

cellular respiration occurs in the ________

mitochondria

cellular respiration equation -

C6G12O6 + 6O2 ----→ 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

photosynthesis makes ___ while cellular respiration makes ____

glucose, ATP

How are photosynthesis and respiration related to each other?

The reactions of one are the products of the other

phospholipid

in cell membranes, form the lipid bilayer in cell membranes