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to reduce
abate
complete lack of restraint
abandon
showing little concern for the feelings of others; harsh
abrasive
to give up a position/power
abdicate
"in fact" or actually, in reality
de facto
deviating from the norm
a person whose behavior differs from the accepted standard
aberrant
temporary suppression / suspension
EX) a good judge must hot his judgment in abeyance until the facts are shown
abeyance
up to date w latest news/ideas/info
abreast
shorten (writing) without losing the sense
abridge
act of cutting; natural separation of a leaf
to cut off
abscission
abscise
to depart secretly
abscond
moderate in appetite
abstemious
hard to understand; obscure
abstruse
very bad
abysmal
an economic market where the demand & supply of goods is NOT regulated
free market
an economic systems where production, allocation, consumption of goods is planned in advance
planned economy
an econ & political system where a country's industry/trade controlled by private owners rather than the govt
capitalism
to make more prominent/noticeable
accentuate
an official agreement/treaty
accord
sharply critical sarcastic ironic in mood/tone
acerbic
excessively interested in money/material things
acquisitive
using vigorous campaigning to bring about political/social change
activism
superior insight; quickness of judgment, esp in practical matters
acumen
an intense & sudden onset
showing a perceptive understanding/insight
acute (2 meanings)
to warn OR reprimand
admonish
skillful in using hands OR mind
adroit
excessive flattery/praise
adulation
to corrupt; make impure
adulterate
concerned with/ relating to beauty+art
aesthetic
friendly, easy to talk to
affable
pretentious; phony
behavior/speech/writing that's artificial and made to impress
affected
affectation
fondness; similarity
affinity
to make larger/greater
aggrandize
filled w horror OR shock
aghast
unconcerned with/ unrelated to history (tradition)
ahistorical
willingness; eagerness; speed
alacrity
medieval philosophy based on changing metal into gold; transformation
alchemy
cause to feel isolated
alienate
characteristic or/ containing allegory;
a narrative or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a hidden meaning
allegorical
to relieve; improve partially
alleviate
uninvolved/uninterested through distaste
aloof
social order dominated by by property-owning class OR materialism (smug attitude)
bourgeoisie
to entice by charm
allure
a group that share certain goals; work towards making them happen
lobby
to combine into a unified whole
EX) "6 cities were amalgamated into 1 city"
amalgamate
unclear in meaning
ambiguous
state of having conflicting emotional attitudes
ambivalence
something delicious
ambrosia
to improve
ameliorate
agreeable; cooperative
amenable
something that increases comfort
amenity
having friendly, pleasant manner
amiable
cause someone to find something funny;
entertain
amuse
a thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists (so it doesn’t fit with everything else)
anachronism
medication that reduces pain
analgesic
comparable (similar noun btwn things)
analogous (analogy)
absence of govt; state of disorder
anarchy
irregular; deviating from the norm
anomalous (anomaly)
active opposition/hostility toward someone
antagonistic
comes before in time
antecedent
antedate
ancient past, esp period before Middle Ages
antiquity
16th-century movem reforming abuses in the Catholic Church --> est. new churches
Reformation
dislike
antipathy
indifference
apathy
the highest point
apex
confident composure; self-assurance
aplomb
person who defends something controversial
apologist
witty saying
apothegm
to calm
appease
a name or title
appellation
very appropriate/relevant
apposite
to inform
apprise
praise; approval
approbation
to confiscate to take something for own use without owner's permission
appropriate
based on random choice/personal whim, rather than any reason
arbitrary
understood by few; mysterious/secret
arcane
study of material evidence of past human life
archeology
extremely difficult; laborious
arduous
showing ability to speak fluently and coherently
articulate
item made by human craft
artifact
follower of Marxism
concept of class struggle in understanding society's inevitable dvlpm from bourgeois oppression under capitalism to a classless socialism
Marxist
natural
artless
one who is self-denying
the body is bad and must be subjugated to the soul
ascetic
asceticism
slander; false rumor
aspersion
showing confident, forceful personality
assertive
showing great care and perseverance
assiduous
surprise OR impress someone greatly
astonish
shock or greatly surprise
astound
a thing achieved, esp a skill/educational achievement
attainment
to weaken
attenuate
regard something as being caused by (someone/something)
attribute
bold; daring
audacious
make thing greater by adding to it; increase
augment
stern
austere
extreme plainness & simplicity of style/appearance
austerity
a period in Eur philosophy during the 18th century that emphasized reason
Age of Enlightenment
self-governing; independent
autonomous
theory that living things originate from other similar organisms. Diff btwn organism types due to modifications in successive generations
Theory of Evolution
strong dislike
aversion
prevent an undesirable occurrence
avert
