Civics Final Review

Unconstitutional

law that is not agreeable with the constitution and is no longer valid

States

The Articles of Confederation gave power to the ________

Virginia Plan

idea that said a state's representatives should be based on its population

New Jersey Plan

idea that thought each state should have an equal number of representatives

Great Compromise

the agreement to combine two plans and create a bicameral legislative branch

House of Representatives

this side of the legislative branch has representative's based on a state's population

Two

What is the number of Senators from each state

Congress

What is the word used to describe both the House of Representatives and the Senate

3/5 Compromise

This is how the Constitutional Convention decided to handle slavery, made each slave worth 60% of the state's population

Federalists

These people wanted a strong central government and were in favor of the Constitution

Antifederalists

These people were against the Constitution unless a Bill of Rights were added and felt it gave too much power to the national government.

Federalists Papers

This was a collection of writings about why states should ratify the Constitution

President

Head of the Executive Branch, Chief Executive and Commander in Chief

9

Number of Supreme Court Justices

2 years

How long a representative serves

4 years

How long a president serves

6 years

How long a senator serves

35

How old you have to be to be president

25

How old you have to be to be a member of the house of representatives

8th

amendment that protects against cruel and unusual punishment

10th

amendment that grants power to the states if it is not in the US Constitution

Article 1

the article of the Constitution that addresses the legislative branch

Article 2

the article of the Constitution that addresses the executive branch

Article 3

the article of the Constitution that addresses the judicial branch

Article 4

the article of the Constitution that addresses the rights of states and how states can join the union

Article 5

the article of the Constitution that addresses how to amend the Constitution

James Madison

He is considered the father of the Constitution

Veto

If the president rejects a bill, it is called a _______

Anarchy

No government, no control, total freedom where people do what they please.

Republic

A government where people vote for representatives who make decisions for them.

Monarchy

A government ruled by one person(king, queen, emperor, chief, etc)

Theocracy

This is a government ruled by religious leaders

Totalitarian

government ruled by a specific political group ; total control of country

Dictatorship

government ruled by 1 PERSON

Democracy

A government where EVERYONE has a say in issues

Oligarchy

This is a government where a small group of elites make decisions

Authority

who makes the decisions

Articles of Confederation

The government which ran the country prior to the Constituiton.

Libel

These are untruthful WRITTEN comments that harm a person's reputation

Electoral college

The process the government uses to elect the president besides the popular vote.

Bill of Rights

The first 10 amendments to our constitution.

Seperation of Powers

Breaking the Government into Three Parts to limit the power of the government.

Marbury v. Madison

Supreme Court case establishing Judicial Review

Miranda v Arizona

Supreme Court case advising a client of their 5th and 6th amendment rights.

Citizen

This is one who has specific rights and obligations within a political unit such as a country or a state. They are entitled to certain civil rights.

Constitution

A document that serves as a framework for how our government is set up.

John Locke

An Englishman whose writings about government inspired Thomas Jefferson in writing the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson

The Author of the Declaration of Independence

Warrant

An order by a Judge.

Naturalized

This type of citizen is a foreign national who is granted citizenship in the United States after fulfilling certain requirements.

Allegiance

Loyalty or devotion to some person, group, or cause,

Edmund Randolph

Proposed the Virginia Plan of Union

Legislative

This branch of government makes the laws of our country

Judicial

This branch of government Looks at laws to see if they are fair

Executive

This branch of government makes sure the laws are carried out.

Montesquieu

I am French philosopher who believed that government should be broken into three separate branches of government.

Checks and Balances

These are the powers that each of the branches have over one another.to keep one branch from getting too much power.

Mayflower Compact

This was a document signed by the Pilgrims in Plymouth Harbor establishing rules for the new colony based upon the majority of the settlers.

Persecuted

To be singled out for punishment. To be picked on for your beliefs, skin color, etc.

Parliament

The legislative assembly of Britain was called what?

Power belongs to the People

In the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution, what is the meaning of the phrase "We the People"?

Judicial Review

This was a power the Judicial branch has that allows the courts to review laws as fair and just.

Republicans

There are two major political parties of this country. The Democrats and the:

Petition

A list of citizens names demanding action be taken by the government of an issue.

One Ruler

What do an absolute monarchy and an autocracy have in common?

Senate

Which part of Congress approves all treaties and presidential appointees?

Impeach

The process To remove an official from office for wrongdoing

Executive Order

This is issued by the President and is directed at something within the Executive branch. It could be similar to President Truman's decision to ban segregation in the armed forces in 1948.

Monarch

A king or Queen who rules over a country

Establishment Clause

A part of the first amendment of the constitution that states that government will not establish religion. That there will be a separation of Church and State

Enlightenment

A period of intellectual thought concerning science and political theories that came out of Europe during the 1600's and produce thinkers such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Revolution

A violent overthrow of a government

Boycott

The refusal to buy something as an act of protest

Double Jeopardy

This is where you are tried twice for the same crime

Grand Jury

A group of citizens who look at the evidence against an accused individual and would determine if there is enough evidence to issue an indictment, or a formal charge.

Indicted

To be formally charged for a crime by a grand jury.

Platform

What a political party stands for or believes in.

Concurrent

These are shared powers between the state and the national government.

Expressed

These powers are clearly stated in the Constitution as belonging to the Congress

Fourth Amendment

If a police officer wanted to search your home to find evidence of a crime, you would be able to say that the officer needed to get a search warrant because of the...

Former Enslaved People

The 13th, 14h and 15th Amendments all, in some way will deal with what group?

Abolition

To stop or not allow.

Communism

A political and economic system that was first started in the Soviet Union (Russia).

Natural

These are rights people possess relating to life, liberty, and property

Separation of powers

Which element of the Constitution reflects the influence of the French philosopher Baron de Montesquieu?

Compromise

Where both sides give up something in order to both get what they want.

Sovereignty

The right to rule which in our government means, the people have the right to rule.

Limited

This means that the government can only do what the people allow it to do.

Seperation between church and state

The establishment clause of the First Amendment has often been interpreted to mean what?

Interpret

To understand the meaning of.

Freedom of the Press

The decision in the trial of John Peter Zenger was a step forward for:

Self -Incrimination

This is a legal term that deals with you being forced to testify against yourself.

Cabinet

This is a group of advisors to the President who, under checks and balances must be confirmed (approved) by the Senate

Committee

After being introduced on the floor, a bill moves to a

Court of Appeals

Reviews cases to see if the trial court made a mistake, a type of appellate court

Appellate Court

Courts above the trial court

District Court

The trial court in the Federal system

Federal Courts

Courts that hear disputes about laws that apply to the entire country.

State Courts

Courts that hear disputes about the laws that apply to one state

Evidence

Objects or information used in court to prove what really happened