Forensics Final

The FBI is not allowed to gather info about US citizens

False

the county jail is managed and operated by the sheriff’s office

True

Less than 5% of cases go to trial in front of a jury

True

A macroscopic crime scene consists of objects and pieces of evidence associated with the crime scene

False

a guilty verdict in a criminal case must be obtained by a preponderance of evidence (51%)

False

a contract dispute is an example of a civil case

True

The legal system relies on precedence, and it is therefore slow to change

True

Accreditation of a forensic lab is mandatory

False

Forensic scientists can testify for the prosecution

True

The geographical area over which law enforcement have authority is known as

Jurisdiction

The _ is the party that files the criminal charges and bears the burden of proving the accused guilty

Prosecution

What is not an elected position

Police Chief

What is true about certification

includes a written examination

What is not a real organization

all the above are real; national association of medical examiners, American board of pathology, American board of crime lab directors, forensic specialties accreditation board

when a lab runs a _ sample, neither the supervisor nor the analyst knows what the sample contains or that it was sent from an accreditation agency to test the quality of the analysis.

double blind

Primary responsibility of a forensic scientist is

to perform scientific analyses and to report the results of the analysis

What statement about prejudice is false

there is no conscious thought involved

the branch of forensic science that analyzes firearms and explosives residue is

inorganic chemistry

when investigating a serial killer, the police will focus on men because the majority of serial killers are men. this is an example of

inductive reasoning

Daubert Vs Merrell Dow pharmaceutical resulted in

Gatekeepers rule

finding the murder weapon in the possession of the defendant is a great example of

direct evidence

an audio recording of the defendant stating her intent to kill her husband before the alleged crime occurs is an example of

circumstantial evidence

this civil case set the guidelines for the admissibility of scientific evidence in the courtroom back in 1923

Frye Vs US

Daubert Vs Merrell Dow pharmaceutical focused on the pharmaceutical drug Bendectin. what statement is false about this drug

Affected over 10,000 children worldwide

observation that a man has a beard coupled with the fact that most Greeks have beards leads people to the _ reasoning that the man in question could be Greek

Abductive reasoning

in order for the scientific process to be reliable, it must be

reproducible, falsifiable, peer reviewed,

at a crime scene, when should documentation be done

before/after/ during evidence collection

the first responder should

assist the victim and prevent changes to the victim and protect and secure the crime scene

“every contact leave a trace” is known as the _ exchange principle

locard

when a jury wrongfully acquits defendants when no scientific evidence has been presented is known as the _effect

CSI

the US legal system is a _ system

adversarial

English law designated a coroner to investigate deaths mainly to deal with

crime, epidemics, inheritance and taxes

what is not true about coroners in the US

must have medical training

man is hit by a car with head injuries that put him into a coma for 5 months. He comes out of the coma and is doing well in recovery but develops an infection in the hospital and dies. the cause of death is organ failure due to complications from the infection. what is manner of death

homicide

death is declared when what occurs

brain activity ceases

one changes after death is not always seen

livor mortis

founder of forensic toxicology after death is not always seen

Mathieu Orfila

The glaister calculation can approx how long a person has been dead by measuring the body temp. What statement is false about how the variable presented affected the calculation

A naked body will present a shorter time since death than a clothed body under the same circumstances

which organ is the lightest in weight

kidneys

during the autopsy, the heart is found to be twice the size of a normal heart. This is most likely because the deceased

had high blood pressure

during autopsy, the pathologist cut the stomach open and examines the contents. This process is done in order to

to help determine the cause and time of death

a lethal dose can be effectively accomplished by

taking a large single dose of a drug and taking multiple doses of the drug close together

once a drug is taken, the processes known as ADME start in the body. what does the D in ADME stand for

distribution

the fastest way to get a drug directly into the bloodstream is by

inhalation

vitreous humor, the liquid inside the eye, is collected during autopsy because

it is resistant to putrefaction and can help determine the time of death

the coroner system still exists in the US

True

Higher temp promote faster decomposition of the body

true

car accidents are the most common cause of death and injury

False

hair analysis can give insight into the pattern and severity of drug use since it contains weeks or months of drug use info depending on the length of the hair

True

opiates are drugs that don’t derive from the opium poppy plant but can still attach to the opium receptor

False

the bone usually broken in cases of manual strangulation

hyoid

_ mortis, is the settling of red blood cells in the body that occurs after death and could help determine the position of the body right after death

livor mortis

cessation of brain activity

death

this professional does not have a medical degree but can decide if a death is suicide, homicide, natural or accidental

coroner

study of tissue under a microscope

histology

heaviest organ in the body

liver

sample obtained from gallbladder

bile

interruption of oxygenation of the brain

asphyxia

injury caused by blunt force trauma

laceration

_mortis is the natural cooling of the body after death

algor

_mortis is the stiffening of the body that occurs after death and lasts 24-36 hours

rigor

like an autopsy but on an animal

necropsy

drug used to treat ADHD are classified as

stimulants

what type of drug produces sleep/stupor and relieves pain

narcotics

what is a common sign of a marijuana growth operation

the hydrometer is tampered with or turned off, windows covered, residents may only be in the home occasionally, unusual visitor behavior

a large concentration of maggots on the abdomen of a body can indicate what

there was an open wound in the persons abdomen

what is entomology

study of insects

what drug is commonly used as a veterinary anesthetic? it’s effects similar to PCP with the visual effects of LSD

Ketamine

delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is believed to be the active component of

marijuana

what is illegally used as a date rape drug

gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)

what is the principal alkaloid of opium and poppy straws

morphine

barbiturates and benzodiazepines are classified as

depressants

what legislation banned the non-medical use of cocaine in the US

Harrison Act

The main source of black tar is

Mexico

Large marijuana growing operations are a danger to public health and safety due to

health hazard, exposure to gas and chemicals, violence, and fire hazard

what stage of dipteran larval development is characterized by non-feeding and wondering phase

third instar

what species is usually the last to arrive at the body

hide beetles

how many body farms are there in the US

7

phenolphthalein is used in the Kastlle-Myeyer test to test for the presence of

blood

schedule 1 substance have low abuse potential and accepted medical use in the US

False

Adderall is classified as a hallucinogen

False

flies can detect a corpse from 5 miles away

False

flies are active during the night

False

some stimulants can make the larva develop faster

True

Heroin was sold over the counter until 1914 in the form of tonics, toothache cures, patent medicines and chocolate cocaine tablets

False

Fly larva prefer to start colonization of a body in the nostrils

False

chromosomes are found in a cells

nucleus

DNA holds all the info and instructions needed for a cell to make

proteins

number of pairs of chromosomes in nucleus of human cells

23

what prompted the replacement of the McNaughten Rules with the omnibus crime code for insanity

the assassination attempt of Ronald Reagan

drug overdoses as a way to commit suicide have _ during 1999-2016 in the US

remained relatively the same

which of the PCR stages is carried out at the lowest temp

annealing

Dr. Kary Mullis studied the stability of the polymerase in bacteria present in

hot springs

mutation rate of mtDNA is _ compared to nuclear DNA

higher

There is no DNA present in this

Red blood cells

a compound that catches on fire only at temp greater than 100C is classified as

combustible

when a fire is said to be smoldering

the combustion is happening on the surface of the solid and there is no visible flame

the west, Texas explosion was caused because the fertilizing company was storing huge amounts of

ammonium nitrate

what are the requirements for a combustion

a source of energy, sufficient contact time for the energy source to initiate the reaction, fuel and oxidant in appropriate quantities and concentrations

when there is a fire in the kitchen, the vapors released will accumulate in

close to the ceiling